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Quantitative multi-contrast in vivo mouse imaging with polarization diversity optical coherence tomography and angiography

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BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第12期11卷 6945-6961页

作者： Hsu, Destiny Kwon, Ji Hoon Ng, Ringo Makita, Shuichi Yasuno, Yoshiaki Sarunic, Marinko V. Ju, Myeong Jin Simon Fraser Univ Biomed Opt Res Grp Dept Engn Sci Burnaby BC Canada Univ Tsukuba Computat Opt Grp Inst Appl Phys Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Univ British Columbia Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Sch Biomed Engn Vancouver BC Canada

Retinal microvasculature and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) play vital roles in maintaining the health and metabolic activity of the eye. Visualization of these retina structures is essential for pre-clinical studies of vision-robbing diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have developed a quantitative multi-contrast polarization diversity OCT and angiography (QMC-PD-OCTA) system for imaging and visualizing pigment in the RPE using degree of polarization uniformity (DOPU), along with flow in the retinal capillaries using OCT angiography (OCTA). An adaptive DOPU averaging kernel was developed to increase quantifiable values from visual data, and QMC en face images permit simultaneous visualization of vessel location, depth, melanin region thickness, and mean DOPU values, allowing rapid identification and differentiation of disease symptoms. The retina of five different mice strains were measured in vivo, with results demonstrating potential for pre-clinical studies of retinal disorders. (c) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： image processing image processing algorithms image quality In vivo imaging Retinal nerve fiber layer Small animal imaging

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Bead-based multiplex detection of dengue biomarkers in a portable imaging device

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BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第11期11卷 6154-6167页

作者： Yuan, Xilong Garg, Srishti De Haan, Kevin Fellouse, Frederic A. Gopalsamy, Anupriya Tykvart, Jan Sidhu, Sachdev S. Varma, Manoj M. Pal, Parama Hillan, Edith M. Dou, James Jiahua Aitchison, J. Stewart Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON Canada Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect & Comp Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Univ Toronto Donnelly Ctr Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Med Genet Toronto ON Canada DIANA Biotechnol Sro Vestec 25250 Czech Republic Indian Inst Sci Ctr Nano Sci & Engn Bengaluru Karnataka India Tata Consultancy Serv TCS Res & Innovat Bengaluru Karnataka India Univ Toronto Lawrence S Bloomberg Fac Nursing Toronto ON Canada Thinkari Res Inc Mississauga ON Canada

Dengue is one of the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. Differential diagnosis is a crucial step for the management of the disease and its epidemiology. Point-of-care testing of blood-borne dengue biomarkers provides an advantageous approach in many health care settings, and the ability to follow more than one biomarker at once could significantly improve the management of the disease. Bead-based multiplex technologies (suspension array) can measure multiple biomarker targets simultaneously by using recognition molecules immobilized on microsphere beads. The overarching objective of our work is to develop a portable detection device for the simultaneous measurement of multiple biomarkers important in dengue diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Here, we present a bead-based assay for the detection of one of the four serotypes of dengue virus non-structural protein (DENV-NS1) as well as its cognate human IgG. In this system, the fluorescent microspheres containing the classification fluorophore and detection fluorophore are imaged through a microfluidic chip using an infinity-corrected microscope system. Calibration curves were plotted for median fluorescence intensity against known concentrations of DENV-NS1 protein and anti-NS1 human IgG. The limit of quantitation was 7.8 ng/mL and 15.6 ng/mL, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of the multiplex detection of dengue biomarkers and present its analytical performance parameters. The proposed imaging device holds potential for point-of-care testing of biomarkers on a highly portable system, and it may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of dengue as well as other infectious diseases. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Diode lasers Diode pumped lasers Forward scattering image processing algorithms Optical sensing Stray light

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Co-designed annular binary phase masks for depth-of-field extension in single-molecule localization microscopy

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第22期28卷 32426-32446页

作者： Leveque, Olivier Kulcsar, Caroline Lee, Antony Sauer, Herve Aleksanyan, Artur Bon, Pierre Cognet, Laurent Goudail, Francois Univ Paris Saclay Inst Opt Lab Charles Fabry CNRSGrad Sch F-91127 Palaiseau France Univ Bordeaux Lab Photon Numer & Nanosci UMR 5298 F-33400 Talence France LP2N UMR 5298 Inst Opt F-33400 Talence France LP2N UMR 5298 CNRS F-33400 Talence France

Single-molecule localization microscopy has become a prominent approach to study structural and dynamic arrangements of nanometric objects well beyond the diffraction limit. To maximize localization precision, high numerical aperture objectives must be used;however, this inherently strongly limits the depth-of-field (DoF) of the microscope images. In this work, we present a framework inspired by "optical co-design" to optimize and benchmark phase masks, which, when placed in the exit pupil of the microscope objective, can extend the DoF in the realistic context of single fluorescent molecule detection. Using the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on localization accuracy as a criterion, we optimize annular binary phase masks for various DoF ranges, compare them to Incoherently Partitioned Pupil masks and show that they significantly extend the DoF of single-molecule localization microscopes. In particular we propose different designs including a simple and easy-to-realize two-ring binary mask to extend the DoF. Moreover, we demonstrate that a simple maximum likelihood-based localization algorithm can reach the localization accuracy predicted by the CRB. The framework developed in this paper is based on an explicit and general information theoretic criterion, and can thus be used as an engineering tool to optimize and compare any type of DoF-enhancing phase mask in high resolution microscopy on a quantitative basis. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Diffraction limit High numerical aperture optics image processing algorithms image quality Phase modulation Three dimensional imaging

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Optimization of prism-based stereoscopic imaging systems at the optical design stage with respect to required 3D measurement accuracy

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第17期28卷 24418-24430页

作者： Gorevoy, Alexey, V Machikhin, Alexander S. Khokhlov, Demid D. Batshev, Vladislav, I Russian Acad Sci Lab Acoustoopt Spect Sci & Technol Ctr Unique Instrumentat 15 Butlerova Str Moscow 117342 Russia Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ Dept Radioelect & Laser Technol 5 2 Ya Baumanskaya Str Moscow 105005 Russia

We address the optical design procedure of prism-based stereoscopic imaging systems. Conventional approach includes two sequential stages: selection of the hardware and development of the proper digital image processing algorithms. At each of these stages, specific techniques are applied, which are almost unrelated to each other. The main requirements to the imaging system include only the key parameters and the image quality. Therefore, the insufficient measurement accuracy may be revealed only after the prototype is assembled and tested. In this case, even applying complex time-consuming image processing and calibration procedures does not ensure the necessary precision. A radical solution of this issue is to include the measurement error estimation into the optical design stage. In this research, we discuss a simplified implementation of this approach and demonstrate the capabilities of optical design software for this purpose. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by the analysis and optimization of a prism-based stereoscopic imager with respect to required 3D measurement accuracy. The results are meaningful for the development of 3D imaging techniques for machine vision, endoscopic and measurement systems. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Digital image processing image processing image processing algorithms image quality Imaging systems Three dimensional imaging

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Large scale Si3N4 Integrated Circuit for High-resolution Interferometric imaging

Large scale Si3N4 Integrated Circuit for High-resolution Int...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Yichi Zhang Rijuta Ravichandran Yujia Zhang S. J. Ben Yoo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

We design, fabricate and characterize a 4-layer 110mm×44mm Si 3 N 4 PIC with long routing waveguides and arrayed waveguides gratings based on a wafer-scale integration process for a high-resolution interferometr... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Array waveguide devices Detector arrays image processing algorithms image quality Interferometric imaging Waveguide gratings

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3D LIDAR imaging using Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode detectors

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第2期28卷 1330-1344页

作者： Kuzmenko, Kateryna Vines, Peter Halimi, Abderrahim Collins, Robert J. Maccarone, Aurora McCarthy, Aongus Greener, Zoe M. Kirdoda, Jarostaw Dumas, Derek C. S. Llin, Lourdes Ferre Mirza, Muhammad M. Millar, Ross W. Paul, Douglas J. Buller, Gerald S. Heriot Watt Univ Inst Phys & Quantum Sci Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Midlothian Scotland Heriot Watt Univ Inst Sensors Signals & Syst Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Midlothian Scotland Univ Glasgow James Watt Sch Engn Rankine BldgOakfield Ave Glasgow G12 8LT Lanark Scotland

We present a scanning light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system incorporating an individual Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector for depth and intensity imaging in the short-wavelength infrared region. The time-correlated single-photon counting technique was used to determine the return photon time-of-flight for target depth information. In laboratory demonstrations, depth and intensity reconstructions were made of targets at short range, using advanced image processing algorithms tailored for the analysis of single-photon time-of-flight data. These laboratory measurements were used to predict the performance of the single-photon LIDAR system at longer ranges, providing estimations that sub-milliwatt average power levels would be required for kilometer range depth measurements. Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

关键词： Detector arrays image processing algorithms Optical detection Silicon detectors Three dimensional imaging Underwater imaging

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Denoising the space-borne high-spectral-resolution lidar signal with block-matching and 3D filtering

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APPLIED OPTICS 2020年第9期59卷 2820-2828页

作者： Zheng, Zhuofan Chen, Weibiao Zhang, Yupeng Chen, Sijie Liu, Dong Zhejiang Univ Coll Opt Sci & Engn State Key Lab Modern Opt Instrumentat Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Opt & Fine Mech Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China

The constituents and structures of the atmosphere directly or indirectly affect the radiative energy budget of the Earth;thus, there is an urgent need to measure these components. Space-borne lidar is a powerful instrument for depicting the global atmosphere. Several space-borne lidars with spectral discrimination filters are proposed and even currently being developed, including the Chinese Aerosol-Cloud High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar (ACHSRL) onboard the Aerosol Carbon Detection Lidar satellite. However, the long distance from the satellite to the atmosphere near the Earth surface weakens the signal strength and debilitates the detection accuracy of space-borne lidar. Furthermore, due to absorption of Rayleigh scattering when it passes through the spectral discrimination filter, the signal-to-noise ratio in the molecular channel decreases. The traditional denoising method is to average the echo signals both vertically and horizontally, but the high speed of the satellite (7.5 km/s) and the varying atmosphere structure will blur detected layer features. A novel method to reduce the signal noise level of ACHSRLis proposed in this paper. Astate-of-the-art algorithm for imaging denoising, block matching 3D filtering (BM3D), is employed. As ACHSRL has not been launched, a simulation study is performed. In the simulation experiment, we connect adjacent lidar signal profiles into one 2D matrix and treat it as an image. Unlike the existing lidar denoising algorithm which uses neighboring profiles to smooth, BM3D performs frequency domain transformation of the signal image and then searches for a similar patch in a given block to conduct collaborative filtering. This algorithm not only achieves denoising, but also preserves aerosol/cloud feature details. After denoising by BM3D, the peak signal-to-noise ratios of echo signals in all channels are improved and the retrieval accuracy of particulate optical properties is also refined, especially for the retrieval of the extinc

关键词： Atmospheric composition Extinction coefficients image processing image processing algorithms Mie theory Rayleigh scattering

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Employment of Fizeau fringe disintegration to magnify small phase variations

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JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS 2020年第11期37卷 A62-A68页

作者： Wahba, Hamdy H. Ramadan, Wael A. El-Tawargy, Ahmed S. Damietta Univ Fac Sci Phys Dept New Damietta Ciiy 34517 Egypt Taif Univ Phys Dept Fac Sci At Taif 21974 Al Haweiah Saudi Arabia

When an object produces a small phase variation not less than the minimum phase variation detectable by the used system and more than the system's noise, the object is considered as a tiny (or small) object. The measurement of interferometric phase differences evolved from a tiny optical phase object has gained attention in recent years due to its usefulness in accurate detection of nanometric dimensions. In the current work, a Fizeau wedge interferometer is used as an aberrationless method to amplify phase variations of a tiny object. The phase object is inserted between the two semi-reflecting/partially transmitting plates making a smallwedge angle in between. The fast Fourier transformation (FFT) spectrum of the obtained interferograms is characterized by some frequency equidistant peaks. The number of these peaks is related to the number of the interfered rays and each peak represents a set of two-beam interferences. We applied a mask to select one of these peaks and reproduced its corresponding optical phase map via employing inverse fast Fourier transformation. The produced map contains the magnified phase variation with a magnification factor equal to 2 times the selected peak's order. Experimental verification of two different phase object samples to amplify their phase variations with different amplification factors is performed. An integrated magnified phase by the object is calculated to test the validity of the proposed method. It is found that the magnification according to the selection of different FFT peaks is a little bit deviated from the expected magnification factors which is referred to ignoring refraction of the optical rays by the object. In spite of these deviations, good results are obtained. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America

关键词： Fizeau interferometry Holographic recording materials image processing algorithms Interferometry Phase measurement Ray tracing

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Detecting the morphology of single graphene sheets by dual channel sampling plasmonic imaging

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2020年第4期28卷 4686-4693页

作者： Wei, Ruxue Jiang, Liwen Sun, Xuqing Liu, Hongyao Wang, Xue Wang, Chang Lu, Xinchao Huang, Chengjun Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Ctr Terahertz Waves Coll Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Key Lab Optoelect Informat & Technol Minist Educ Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China

Due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, graphene sheets are widely used in industry, which makes detection important to guarantee their performance. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are the most common detection methods, which is either time-consuming or easily destructive. In this work, we presented a fast and nondestructive method to detect single graphene sheets by using plasmonic imaging. Dual channel sampling plasmonic imaging combining the image processing algorithm is used to improve the deterioration from propagation length of surface plasmon polaritons and reconstruct the complete morphology of single graphene sheets. The fast and nondestructive detection method paves the way to applications of graphene, and can be extended to the detections of two-dimensional materials, single biological molecule, viruses, and nanomaterials. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Beam expanders Chemical vapor deposition High power lasers image processing image processing algorithms Scanning electron microscopy

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High-performance concealment of defective pixel clusters in infrared imagers

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APPLIED OPTICS 2020年第13期59卷 4081-4090页

作者： Chen, Yaohong Kang, Jin U. Zhang, Gaopeng Cao, Jianzhong Xie, Qingsheng Kwan, Chiman Chinese Acad Sci Xian Inst Opt & Precis Mech Xian 710119 Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Baltimore MD 21218 USA Signal Proc Inc Rockville MD 20850 USA

Defective pixel concealment is a necessary procedure in infrared image processing and is widely used. However, current approaches are mainly focused on the concealment of isolated pixels and small defective pixel clusters. Consequently, these approaches cannot meet the requirements when applied to infrared detectors with large defective pixel clusters. In this paper, we present a novel and comprehensive approach to processing the image data acquired from infrared imagers with large and small defective pixel clusters. Our approach consists of preprocessing, coarse concealment, high dynamic range enhancement, and fine concealment by generative adversarial networks. Experiments using mid-wave infrared and long-wave infrared images demonstrated that the proposed approach achieves better results than the best conventional approach, known as transforming image completion, with the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity metrics improved by 2.7063 dB (16.3%) and 0.1951 dB (34.1%), respectively. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging image processing image processing algorithms image quality Imaging systems Infrared detectors

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