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OSA CONTINUUM 2021年第1期4卷 229-238页

作者： He, Xin Liu, Yajing Beckett, Paul Uddin, Hemayet Nirmalathas, Ampalavanapillai Unnithan, Ranjith R. Univ Melbourne Dept Elect & Elect Engn Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia RMIT Univ Sch Engn Melbourne Vic 3000 Australia Australian Natl Fabricat Facil Melbourne Ctr Nanofabricat Clayton Vic 3168 Australia

The CMY colour camera is different from the RGB counterpart where the subtractive colours cyan, magenta and yellow are used. The CMY camera performs better than an RGB camera in low light conditions. However, conventional CMY colour filter technology made of pigments and dyes are limited in performance for next generation image sensors with submicron pixel sizes. This is because the conventional CMY filters cannot be fabricated in nanoscale as they use their absorption properties to subtract colours. This paper presents a CMOS compatible nanoscale thick CMY colour mosaic made of Al-TiO2-Al nanorods forming a total number of 0.82 million colour filter pixels with each filter pixel size of 4.4 mu m arranged in a CMYM pattern. The colour mosaic was then integrated on a MT9P031 image sensor to make a CMY camera and colour imaging is demonstrated using a 12 colour Macbeth chart. The developed technology will have applications in astronomy, low exposure time imaging in biology, and photography.

关键词： Color spaces image processing algorithms image sensors Surface plasmon polaritons Surface plasmons Time imaging

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Tomography studies of human foreskin fibroblasts on polymer yarns

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NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS 2003年 200卷 397-405页

作者： Thurner, P Müller, B Beckmann, F Weitkamp, T Rau, C Müller, R Hubbell, JA Sennhauser, U Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res CH-8900 Dubendorf Switzerland Swiss Fed Inst Technol Inst Biomed Engn CH-8044 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich CH-8044 Zurich Switzerland Swiss Fed Inst Technol Comp Vis Lab CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB D-22607 Hamburg Germany European Synchrotron Radiat Fac F-38043 Grenoble France

Cell culture experiments are usually performed as in vitro studies based on 2D seeding and characterization (light microscopy). With respect to the in vivo situation, however, 2D studies are often inappropriate due to the 3D character of living tissue in nature. Textiles with their versatile 3D structures are chosen as suitable scaffolds in tissue engineering for 3D in vitro studies. Micro-computed tomography using X-rays (muCT) belongs to the most promising techniques for isotropic, noninvasive 3D characterization. Using synchrotron radiation (SRmuCT) the spatial resolution can be extended to the sub-micrometer range well below cell size. muCT does not need vacuum conditions making experiments in the hydrated state possible, as we show by data from SRmuCT acquired at second and third-generation synchrotron sources. We seeded human foreskin fibroblasts on polymer multifilament yarns. These composites, embedded in a hydrogel or fluid, are held in thin-walled glass capillaries. Since the composites consist of light elements, the cells have to be labeled for visualization by the use of highly absorptive agents, osmium and gold. In order to hold the label concentration as low as possible, we present a way to choose the photon energy for which the minimum concentration is reached. Differences in threshold selection for second- and third-generation synchrotron sources are pointed out, revealing the advantages of both types with respect to quantitative analysis. The study is based on appropriate staining methods and protocols developed in our laboratory. With the results we demonstrate that SRmuCT yields images similar to established electron and light microscopy but uncovers also the microstructure in 3D space. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

关键词： computerized tomography synchrotron radiation cell complexes (geometry and topology) image processing algorithms biological physics spectroscopic- and microscopic techniques

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SPECKLE REDUCTION IN SYNTHETIC-APERTURE-RADAR imageRY

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OPTICS LETTERS 1990年第13期15卷 740-742页

作者： HARVEY, ER APRIL, GV UNIV LAVAL CTR OPT PHOTON & LASERQUEBEC CITY G1K 7P4QUEBECCANADA

Speckle appearing in synthetic-aperture-radar images degrades the information contained in these images. Speckle noise can be suppressed by adapted local processing techniques, permitting the definition of statistical parameters inside a small window centered on each pixel of the image. Two processing algorithms are examined; the first one uses the intensity as a variable, and the second one works on a homomorphic transformation of the image intensity. A statistical model for speckle noise that takes into account correlation in multilook imagery has been used to develop these processing algorithms. Several experimental results of processed Seasat-A syntheticaperture-radar images are discussed.

关键词： algorithms image processing algorithms Laser speckle Speckle imaging Speckle noise Speckle reduction

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SIMULATION OF SEA-SURFACE imageS IN THE INFRARED

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APPLIED OPTICS 1984年第18期23卷 3174-3180页

作者： WILF, I MANOR, Y ELPACK 2000 COMP LTD IL-51121 BNEI BRAKISRAEL

A method for simulating sea surface images obtained by forward-looking infrared (FLIR) sensors in the 8–12-μm band, which can be readily implemented on a computer, has been developed. The model consists of a bottom-up process based on oceanographic models of sea waves and radiometric properties of sky and sea. The clutter which is generated by sea surface roughness and nonuniformity of sky radiation has been found to be a Gaussian homogeneous random process, under reasonable assumptions. The variance of this process as well as its spatial correlation has been investigated. The value of the method as a synthetic image generator and the application of the results to FLIR image processing are discussed.

关键词： image processing image processing algorithms Imaging systems Infrared imaging Spatial resolution Stochastic processes

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Microscope-type laser speckle contrast imaging for in vivo assessment of microcirculation

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OSA CONTINUUM 2020年第5期3卷 1129-1137页

作者： Lee, Cheng-Yu Huang, Bo-Huei Chen, Wen-Ju Yi, Jui-Yun Tsai, Meng-Tsan Chang Gung Univ Dept Elect Engn Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ Dept Optoelect & Commun Engn Kaohsiung Taiwan Chang Gung Mem Hosp Dept Neurosurg Linkou 33305 Taiwan

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) can be used to observe dynamic changes in the tissue microcirculation in vivo according to the dynamic interaction between red blood cells and coherent light. In this study, a dual-wavelength LSCI system based on a microscope was developed for in vivo observation of the microvascular pattern and measurement of the blood flow change in the animal model. Additionally, based on the dual-wavelength setup, including 635 and 855 nm wavelengths, the oxygenation of biological tissue was evaluated. Finally, the developed LSCI microscope was implemented for the studies of tissue microcirculation. The results indicate that the developed LSCI microscope could be a potential tool for in vivo observation of the tissue microcirculation and quantitative evaluation of hemodynamics in animal experiments. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Diode lasers image processing algorithms image quality In vivo imaging Speckle imaging Tissue

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MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF 2-D INFRARED NATURAL BACKGROUND

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APPLIED OPTICS 1985年第14期24卷 2109-2113页

作者： BENYOSEF, N WILNER, K SIMHONY, S FEIGIN, G []The authors are with Hebrew University of Jerusalem School ofApplied Science Technology Applied Physics Division Jerusalem 91904Israel

Natural background was recorded in the 8–12-μmband using an airborne IR camera. The results were analyzed, and the statisticaland spatial features of the radiance in this band were found. The statisticaldistribution approaches the normal distribution inside the two standarddeviation regions but deviates slightly outside. The spatial autocorrelationfunction fits to a high degree a 2-D exponent.

关键词： Discrete Fourier transforms Fast Fourier transforms Fourier transforms image processing algorithms Power spectra Thermal imaging

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MEDIAN FILTERING USING POLARIZATION-ENCODED OPTICAL SHADOW CASTING

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APPLIED OPTICS 1989年第7期28卷 1436-1440页

作者： AWWAL, AAS KARIM, MA The authors are with University of Dayton Center for Electro-Optics 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0001.

A very powerful space-variant image processing technique such as median filtering is performed using the polarization-encoded optical shadow casting (POSC) system. The POSC system is used to process two different nois... 详细信息

关键词： image processing image processing algorithms Nonlinear spatial filtering Opacity Polarization

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Rank-order filters for FOPEN target detection

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IEEE SIGNAL processing LETTERS 2004年第2期11卷 93-96页

作者： Mitra, AK Lewis, TL Shaw, AK USAF Res Lab Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA Sverdrup Technol Inc Dayton OH USA Wright State Univ Dept Elect Engn Dayton OH 45435 USA

Issues associated with the radar detection of military targets that are concealed or camouflaged by forest clutter are described. The specific sensor platform can be categorized as an ultrawideband (UWB) foliage penetration (FOPEN) synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The discussion illustrates the fact that many contemporary approaches to FOPEN target detection Are computationally intensive and/or require the implementation of elaborate training procedure's. Alternative approaches, based the application of a set of simple rank-order filters (alternately known as order statistical or L filters), are presented. Initial results indicate impressive performance levels (in terms of probability of detection as a function of false-alarm rate) with respect to baseline constant false-alarm rate computations. A number of avenues for future investigations are cited.

关键词： automatic target detection foliage penetration image processing algorithms synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ultrawideband (UWB) radar

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ASYNCHRONOUS INTEGRATED OPTICAL MULTIPLY ACCUMULATE WITH SIDEWAYS SUMMER

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APPLIED OPTICS 1986年第14期25卷 2284-2287页

作者： ISRAEL, S GUSTAFSON, SC COOLEY, ES AERODYNE RES INC BILLERICAMA 01821 UNIV DAYTON DAYTONOH 45469 DARTMOUTH COLL THAYER SCH ENGNHANOVERNH 03755

An asynchronous method of implementing the digital multiplication by analog convolution algorithm is presented. The mixed binary output is formed in one switching time regardless of the number of bits in the word. Nov... 详细信息

关键词： Analog to digital converters Channeled waveguides Digital image processing image processing algorithms Optical devices Tunable diode lasers

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POWERS-OF-2 FINITE-IMPULSE-RESPONSE FILTERS IN EDGE-DETECTION

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JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS image SCIENCE AND VISION 1989年第3期6卷 441-445页

作者： BASANO, L OTTONELLO, P STRAFORINI, M Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genova Italy

Convenient methods based on suitably designed finite-impulse-response (FIR) or infinite-impulse-response (IIR) filters were proposed recently for identifying edges in machine vision. We show that under normal image conditions (which are satisfied virtually always in practical indoor scenes) a FIR filter with powers-of-2 coefficients is able to provide results that are equivalent to those of an 8-bit FIR filter or a 16-bit HIR filter. This permits a significant simplification in the implementation design for edge detection. Results for common two-dimensional images processed with the simplified algorithm are presented, and a comparison is made with results obtained from so-called optimal nonapproximated operators.

关键词： algorithms Distortion Edge detection Frequency filtering image processing algorithms Machine vision

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