image processing techniques find applications in many areas, chief among which are image enhancement, pattern recognition, and efficient picture coding. Some aspects of image processing are discussed--specifically: th...
详细信息
image processing techniques find applications in many areas, chief among which are image enhancement, pattern recognition, and efficient picture coding. Some aspects of image processing are discussed--specifically: the mathematical operations one is likely to encounter, and ways of implementing them by optics and on digital computers; image description; and image quality evaluation. Many old results are reviewed, some new ones presented, and several open questions are posed.
Geological formations, such as shales and mudstones, are highly compact and challenging to characterize experimentally. Beyond artifacts associated with the chemical composition of the material, certain formations exh...
详细信息
Geological formations, such as shales and mudstones, are highly compact and challenging to characterize experimentally. Beyond artifacts associated with the chemical composition of the material, certain formations exhibit topological and morphological properties that, during each FIB ablation, generate shading effects (back-pore artifacts). As in the present case, these artifacts may prevent access to a connected pore network during reconstruction and FIB-SEM processing. This issue compounds other challenges that constrain the ability to accurately reconstruct a digital twin of the porous medium of interest. In this study, we present the solutions we have developed to mitigate common artifacts, with a particular focus on addressing back-pore artifacts. This effort aims to advance Digital Rock Physics techniques, extending their analytical capabilities for complex porous media. The workflow outlined here details the processes required to characterize mineralogy and quantify flow properties based on a representative pore-space geometry. At the Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) scale (nm to mu m), characteristic of tight formations, the proposed methodology can be extrapolated to larger volumes. It enables the quantification of transport properties at the pore scale with a high degree of confidence as a function of fluid pressure. The proposed imaging process, in conjunction with the Lattice Boltzmann Method, provides an effective approach for evaluating transport properties within a given pore-scale geometry. Furthermore, it highlights the method's potential for investigating transport behavior as a function of pressure and temperature.
A scalar function of two independent variables can be visualized as an image. All mathematical operations can be conceived as a modification or processing of the original image. An important class of modifying operato...
详细信息
A scalar function of two independent variables can be visualized as an image. All mathematical operations can be conceived as a modification or processing of the original image. An important class of modifying operators can be realized by special scanning techniques without using a rapid access memory storage device. It was found that the two important operators so far explored may have practical importance. One is contour enhancement which has a “deblurring” effects akin to aperture correction and “crispening” in television practice;the other is contour outlining that produces a line drawing from a picture with continuous tones. The general concepts developed may also permit extension of the method to analog computers for certain classes of partial differential equations. The flexibility and adaptability of the system offer practical application whenever some predetermined operation is required on picture material. Copyright, 1955, by the Institute of Radio Engineers, Inc.
A comprehensive methodology to estimate the microstructural degradation after prolonged service, and hence the damage level related to natural aging process, is yet to be established. Hence, the primary objective of t...
详细信息
A comprehensive methodology to estimate the microstructural degradation after prolonged service, and hence the damage level related to natural aging process, is yet to be established. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to quantitatively assess the microstructural degradation severity attributed to the natural aging process in low carbon steels. Experimental samples, obtained from an API 5L X42 low carbon steel, were subjected to isothermal heat treatment at 500 degrees C for four exposure times, simulating the natural aging degradation process. The artificially aged microstructures and resultant properties were consistent with those observed in an API 5L X42 steel retired after long-term service. The assessment is achieved through an analysis method of the degraded microstructures grounded in image processing. The developed program facilitates automated computation of the cementite spheroidization content. This is achieved by converting a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) metallography images into a binary representation using a morphological image processing algorithm. The proposed methodology allows to establish the damage level in terms of aging degree by correlating the spheroidization content with the degradation of mechanical properties, three levels of aging severity are proposed: low, moderate, and severe.
Detection of defects in wooden structures in the forestry industry has become a crucial area of research. Existing studies have focused on specific categories of wood defects, failing to provide a comprehensive classi...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031734199;9783031734205
Detection of defects in wooden structures in the forestry industry has become a crucial area of research. Existing studies have focused on specific categories of wood defects, failing to provide a comprehensive classification for high-quality wood. Trained human operators currently perform a variety of wood quality in wood processing facilities. However, this human-dependent process leads to time and performance losses and inaccurate type. This study aims to address all these challenges in future intelligent production systems by targeting the detection of the fungus in oak wood, one of the wood defect classes. The algorithm created based on image processing utilizes median filtering, Canny edge detection, and masking technologies using the HSV color space. The algorithm then calculates the fungal area ratio to the wooden piece's surface area on the masked image to reach the final result. While existing studies in the literature are primarily based on deep learning methods, there has been limited focus on fungus detection. The novelty of this study, conducted on oak wood, lies in its use of a specific dataset, fungal detection, and image processing. An algorithm has been developed and presented in the literature that can be used in the software of future intelligent production systems in the forestry industry.
Traditional wearable devices still have limitations in providing precise movement guidance. In recent years, thermal radiation image processing technology, as a new non-contact monitoring means, has begun to attract a...
详细信息
Traditional wearable devices still have limitations in providing precise movement guidance. In recent years, thermal radiation image processing technology, as a new non-contact monitoring means, has begun to attract attention. A comprehensive system based on wearable Internet of Things devices and thermal radiation image processing technology is designed to achieve fine guidance of sports activities. Choose wearable devices such as smart wristbands, smart sneakers, and heart rate monitors to collect the user's exercise and physiological data. The use of high-precision thermal imaging cameras to capture real-time images of the user's thermal radiation during movement, which are able to reflect the temperature distribution of various parts of the body. A set of algorithms is developed to fuse data collected by wearable devices with thermal radiation image data. Using machine learning technology, data patterns are analyzed to identify users' exercise intensity, fatigue levels, and potential health risks. Based on the data analysis results, an intelligent recommendation system is designed to provide users with personalized exercise suggestions, rest reminders and health suggestions. The experimental results show that the system can accurately monitor the user's motion state and body reaction. Through thermal radiation image processing, the system is able to spot abnormal hot areas of the body in time, which may indicate excessive fatigue or potential risk of injury. Combined with the data from the wearable device, the system provides users with more comprehensive exercise guidance, including suggestions for adjusting exercise intensity, rest time and hydration.
Present study comprehensively explores the phenomenon of in-plane fiber waviness in glass/epoxy fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. Utilizing a pioneering technique that employs a semi-circular bar to induce c...
详细信息
Present study comprehensively explores the phenomenon of in-plane fiber waviness in glass/epoxy fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. Utilizing a pioneering technique that employs a semi-circular bar to induce controlled fiber waviness, coupled with image processing using OpenCV library in Python coding for precise measurement and analysis of in-plane fiber waviness. This defect is commonly found in components fabricated with fiber-reinforced composites. During the process of manufacturing fibers may deviate from their intended orientation due to process variables or resin flow dynamics. Understanding in-plane fiber waviness is crucial due to its impact on mechanical properties of composites. It is essential for optimizing manufacturing processes and ensuring enhanced structural performance in diverse engineering applications through analysis of strength and failure mechanism. A novel study was conducted by introducing a circular cutout within the fiber waviness region to investigate the combined effect of multiple defects. The experimental tensile test reveals that as waviness ratio (WR) increases a significant decrease in its tensile strength and vice versa. The study incorporates scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image analysis to examine composite failure. By advancing the understanding of in-plane fiber waviness and its implications, this research significantly contributes to ongoing efforts in composite design and *** Adopting a cutting-edge method to create controlled fiber waviness that makes use of a semi-circular bar. image processing with Python code that makes use of the OpenCV package to precisely measure and analyze in-plane fiber waviness. A new investigation was carried out to examine the combined effect of multiple flaws by creating a circular cutout within the fiber waviness zone. Impact of in-plane fiber waviness and circular cutout on Glass epoxy composites for Tensile characterization through experimental and image pro
Grain size analysis is crucial for understanding material properties, yet traditional manual methods are often time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study presents a novel approach utilizing Python's OpenCV, Sc...
详细信息
Grain size analysis is crucial for understanding material properties, yet traditional manual methods are often time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study presents a novel approach utilizing Python's OpenCV, SciPy, and NumPy libraries for automated microstructure segmentation and grain size analysis of Al + SiC nanocomposites fabricated through powder metallurgy (PM). When segmenting backscattered electron (BSE) images, challenges such as noise, local contrast variations, inaccurate thresholding, fused grains, edge grain removal, and grain boundary separation arise. To address these, advanced image processing techniques were employed: Gaussian filtering reduced noise, and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) enhanced local contrast, making grain boundaries more distinct. Automated thresholding was performed using Otsu's method to differentiate grains and boundaries, while morphological operations (erosion and dilation) refined the separation of fused grains. Edge grains were excluded using ***(), and the distance transform function clearly delineated grains and boundaries. Connected components analysis was used to identify and label distinct regions in the image, aiding in the determination of the number of grains. The algorithm was tested on multiple BSE images for robustness, with results compared to manual grain size measurements according to ASTM standards. A Bland-Altman plot and Pearson correlation were used to validate the algorithm, showing that the error is within the limits of agreement and the correlation coefficient of 0.98 demonstrates high accuracy in predicting grain sizes, maintaining a reasonable level of precision.
Recognizing flow patterns is essential for understanding two-phase flow phenomena, applicable to various fields such as liquid/gas mixtures, refrigeration, convective boiling, and more. The application of visual image...
详细信息
Recognizing flow patterns is essential for understanding two-phase flow phenomena, applicable to various fields such as liquid/gas mixtures, refrigeration, convective boiling, and more. The application of visual image processing provides a means to automate the interpretation of two-phase flow patterns. This article aims enhance the accuracy of two-phase flow patterns classification during convective boiling of isobutane in horizontal tube with 1 mm diameter. For this, the classification of gas/liquid two-phase flow patterns used image processing for texture features extraction applied to a kNN model. Five different flow patterns were identified using images obtained from a high-speed camera, including isolated bubble, plug, slug, churn wavy-annular flow. The method achieved promising results with the best F1-Score of 97 % for bubbles the worst of 81 % for plug and slug patterns.
暂无评论