National traditional culture and traditional technology are the products of historical precipitation and indispensable precious resources. The establishment of national cultural database is of great significance for t...
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The Gibbs random field (GRF) has proved to be a simple and practical way of parameterizing the Markov random field which has been widely used to model an image or image-related process in many imageprocessing applica...
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The Gibbs random field (GRF) has proved to be a simple and practical way of parameterizing the Markov random field which has been widely used to model an image or image-related process in many imageprocessing applications, In particular, the GRF can be employed to construct an efficient Bayesian estimation that often yields optimal results, We describe how the GRF can be efficiently incorporated into optimization processes in several representative applications, ranging from image segmentation to image enhancement One example is the segmentation of computerized tomography (CT) volumetric image sequence in which the GRF has been incorporated into K-means clustering to enforce the neighborhood constraints. Another example is the artifact removal in discrete cosine transform-based low bit rate image compression where GRF has been used to design an enhancement algorithm that reduces the ''blocking effect'' and the ''ringing effect'' while still preserving the image details, The third example is the integration of GRF in a wavelet-based subband video coding scheme in which the high-frequency subbands are segmented and quantized with spatial constraints specified by a GRF, and the subsequent enhancement of the decompressed images is accomplished by smoothing with another type of GRF. With these diverse examples, we are able to demonstrate that various features of images can all be properly characterized by a GRF. The specific form of the GRF can be selected according to the characteristics of an individual application. We believe that the GRF is a powerful tool to exploit the spatial dependency in various images, and is applicable to many imageprocessing tasks.
This paper presents hardware and software procedures for automated cell tracking and migration modeling. A timelapse microscopy system equipped with a computer controllable motorized stage was developed. The performan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819448338
This paper presents hardware and software procedures for automated cell tracking and migration modeling. A timelapse microscopy system equipped with a computer controllable motorized stage was developed. The performance of this stage was improved by incorporating software algorithms for stage motion displacement compensation and auto focus. The microscope is suitable for in-vitro stem cell studies and allows for multiple cell culture image sequence acquisition. This enables comparative studies concerning rate of cell splits, average cell motion velocity, cell motion as a function of cell sample density and many more. Several cell segmentation procedures are described as well as a cell tracking algorithm. Statistical methods for describing cell migration patterns are presented. In particular, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was investigated. Results indicate that if the cell motion can be described as a non-stationary stochastic process, then the HMM can adequately model aspects of its dynamic behavior.
Adapted wave form analysis, refers to a collection of FFT like adapted transform algorithms. Given an image these methods provide special matched collections of templates (orthonormal bases) enabling an efficient codi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819419265
Adapted wave form analysis, refers to a collection of FFT like adapted transform algorithms. Given an image these methods provide special matched collections of templates (orthonormal bases) enabling an efficient coding of the image. Perhaps the closest well known example of such coding method is provided by musical notation, where each segment of music is represented by a musical score made up of notes (templates) characterised by their duration, pitch, location and amplitude, our method corresponds to transcribing the music in as few notes as possible. The extension to images and video is straightforward we describe the image by collections of oscillatory patterns (paint brush strokes)of various sizes locations and amplitudes using a variety of orthogonal bases. These selected basis functions are chosen inside predefined libraries of oscillatory localized functions (trigonometric and wavelet-packets waveforms) so as to optimize the number of parameters needed to describe our object. These algorithms are of complexity N log N opening the door for a large range of applications in signal and imageprocessing, such as compression, feature extraction denoising and enhancement. In particular we describe a class of special purpose compressions for fingerprint irnages, as well as denoising tools for texture and noise extraction. We start by relating traditional Fourier methods to wavelet, wavelet-packet based algorithms using a recent refinement of the windowed sine and cosine transforms. We will then derive an adapted local sine transform show it's relation to wavelet and wavelet-packet analysis and describe an analysis toolkit illustrating the merits of different adaptive and nonadaptive schemes.
This paper describes the morphological methods used in a prototype for an automated visual on-line metal strip inspection system. The system is capable of both detecting and classifying surface defects in copper alloy...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081940411X
This paper describes the morphological methods used in a prototype for an automated visual on-line metal strip inspection system. The system is capable of both detecting and classifying surface defects in copper alloy strips and it has been installed for evaluation in a production line in a rolling mill. Mathematical morphology is used for the preprocessing and segmentation of images. This approach is powerful because the metal strip defects cannot be discriminated from the defecfless background by their contrast alone but only by reference to their shape and size as well. The algorithms have been mapped onto commercial hardware modules.
This paper presents a simple and effective method for the concurrent manipulation of linearly ordered data structures on hypercube systems, and extends it to cater to multidimensional images. The method is based on th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819402931
This paper presents a simple and effective method for the concurrent manipulation of linearly ordered data structures on hypercube systems, and extends it to cater to multidimensional images. The method is based on the existence of a binomial search tree rooted at any arbitrary processor node of the hypercube such that (i) every edge of the tree corresponds to a direct link between a pair of hypercube nodes, and (ii) it spans any arbitrary sequence of n consecutive nodes as specified by a gray code ordering, using a fan-out of at most [log2n] and a depth of ([log2n] + 1) . The search trees spanning different processor lists are vertex disjoint and are formed dynamically and concurrently, They can be specified using information local to each node. Thus, they can be used for performing operations such as broadcast and merge simultaneously on image components with non-uniform sizes. The concurrent search reduces the complexity of several low and intermediate-level imageprocessingalgorithms to depend on the size of the largest image segment rather than the size of the entire image.
A great number of parallel computer architectures have been proposed, whether they are SIMD machines (Single Instruction Multiple Data) with lots of quite simple processors, or MIMD machines (Multiple Instruction Mult...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819412775
A great number of parallel computer architectures have been proposed, whether they are SIMD machines (Single Instruction Multiple Data) with lots of quite simple processors, or MIMD machines (Multiple Instruction Multiple Data) containing few, but powerful processors. Each one claims to offer some kind of an optimality at the hardware level. But implementing parallel imageprocessingalgorithms to make them run in real time will remain a real challenge; it addresses rather the control of communication networks between processors (message passing, circuit switching..) or the computing model (e.g. data parallel model). In that respect, our goal here is to point out some algorithmic needs to distribute imageprocessing operators. They will be translated first in terms of programming models, more general then imageprocessing applications, and then as hardware properties of the processor network. In that way, we do not design yet another parallel machine dedicated to imageprocessing, but a more general parallel architecture which one will be able to efficiently implement different kinds of programming models.
Extensive research has shown that including target aspect angle measurements from an optical sensor can significantly improve the performance of radar tracking systems. Integrating sequences of target imagery with the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819406953
Extensive research has shown that including target aspect angle measurements from an optical sensor can significantly improve the performance of radar tracking systems. Integrating sequences of target imagery with the kinematic information involves sets of imageprocessing and sensor data fusion algorithms. A workstation has been developed to expedite the analysis of the algorithms and to integrate the imageprocessing with selectable extended-state tracker modules. This workstation can access analog video imagery from a video optical disk controlled by a PC, segment the target in the image, and perform target identification and aspect angle estimation using a database of target models which span the range of possible aspects. The angle information is then `fused' with kinematic data to augment the tracker state estimator. The workstation is implemented with a powerful visual user interface in a UNIX/X- Windows environment, and includes a wide array of image and signal processingalgorithms. Interactive modifications of processing sequences and `what if' analyses are easily conducted. The workstation provides a consistent user interface across a variety of applications. This system has also been used to implement phase retrieval and related image recovery algorithms.
We introduce the Advanced Thin Film Inspection System (ATFIS), a state-of-the-art automatic visual inspection (AVI) system developed by IBM that integrates sophisticated subsystems to inspect advanced multilayer elect...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819414786
We introduce the Advanced Thin Film Inspection System (ATFIS), a state-of-the-art automatic visual inspection (AVI) system developed by IBM that integrates sophisticated subsystems to inspect advanced multilayer electronic packaging. The image acquisition and 'image segmentation' (material discrimination) is based on a high-radiance illumination, multiband line scan cameras and the Low-level image Segmentation Architecture (LISA). LISA employs a decision-theoretic approach that classifies pixels according to a decision function defined over a multidimensional 'feature space' (for example, local or global image statistics). The imageprocessing and pattern analysis is based on the Parallel imageprocessing System for Inspection (PIPSI) architecture. PIPSI's key features include exploitation of emerging hardware and software technologies; highly programmable to adapt quickly to changing functional requirements; and exploitation of image and operator parallelism, making it highly scalable to meet manufacturing requirements. The pattern analysis algorithm is a synthesis of reference-based comparison and design-rule analysis.
This paper describes the realtime imageprocessing features in the Xerox DocuTech document processing system. The imageprocessing features offered include image enhancement, halftone screen removal (de-screening) wit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081941476X
This paper describes the realtime imageprocessing features in the Xerox DocuTech document processing system. The imageprocessing features offered include image enhancement, halftone screen removal (de-screening) with an FIR low pass filter, and an image segmentation algorithm developed by Xerox, which can be used for documents with text and high frequency halftone images, such as pages from typical magazines. The image segmentation algorithm uses a modified auto correlation function approach to detect halftone areas on the document. With this set of imageprocessing features, it is possible to handle a wide variety of input documents on the scanner, and generate high quality output prints.
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