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20th Annual SPIE Conference on Machine Vision Applications in Industrial Inspection

作者： DORUNDO, AD MANDEVILLE, JR WU, FY IBM CORP CTR MFG TECHNOLREDMONDWA 98053

ISBN: (纸本)0819414786

We introduce the Advanced Thin Film Inspection System (ATFIS), a state-of-the-art automatic visual inspection (AVI) system developed by IBM that integrates sophisticated subsystems to inspect advanced multilayer electronic packaging. The image acquisition and 'image segmentation' (material discrimination) is based on a high-radiance illumination, multiband line scan cameras and the Low-level image Segmentation Architecture (LISA). LISA employs a decision-theoretic approach that classifies pixels according to a decision function defined over a multidimensional 'feature space' (for example, local or global image statistics). The image processing and pattern analysis is based on the Parallel image processing System for Inspection (PIPSI) architecture. PIPSI's key features include exploitation of emerging hardware and software technologies; highly programmable to adapt quickly to changing functional requirements; and exploitation of image and operator parallelism, making it highly scalable to meet manufacturing requirements. The pattern analysis algorithm is a synthesis of reference-based comparison and design-rule analysis.

关键词： image segmentation image processing Inspection Control systems Algorithm development image processing algorithms and systems Human-machine interfaces image acquisition image analysis image registration

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Digital image processing in the Xerox DocuTech document processing system

Digital image processing in the Xerox DocuTech document proc...

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Document Recognition

作者： Lin, Ying-wei Xerox Corp. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081941476X

This paper describes the realtime image processing features in the Xerox DocuTech document processing system. The image processing features offered include image enhancement, halftone screen removal (de-screening) with an FIR low pass filter, and an image segmentation algorithm developed by Xerox, which can be used for documents with text and high frequency halftone images, such as pages from typical magazines. The image segmentation algorithm uses a modified auto correlation function approach to detect halftone areas on the document. With this set of image processing features, it is possible to handle a wide variety of input documents on the scanner, and generate high quality output prints.

关键词： Halftones image processing Correlation function image enhancement image quality Algorithm development Digital image processing image segmentation image processing algorithms and systems Printing

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FAST COMPUTING MEDIAN FILTERS ON GENERAL-PURPOSE image-processing systems

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 1986年第9期25卷 1064-1067页

作者： RUTTIMANN, UE WEBBER, RL NIH (United States) NIH (United States)

Separable median filters over 3 X3 neighborhoods can be realized by applying in succession logical operations in the horizontal and vertical directions. We show how to take advantage of the architectural resources of commercially available pipelined image processing systems in implementing these filters. The required logical operations are decomposed into a succession of image additions, subtractions, and translations that can be executed very efficiently. The proposed method showed a 70-fold improvement of processing speed over the well-known histogram updating method for 3 X3 filters over 512 X512 X8 bit images.

关键词： image processing algorithms and systems

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image-processing SYSTEM FOR ENHANCEMENT AND DEBLURRING OF PHOTOGRAPHS

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 1984年第3期23卷 303-308页

作者： LEHAR, AF STEVENS, RJ British Home Office Scientific Research Development Branch (England) British Home Office Scientific Research Development Branch (England)

This paper describes an image processing system that is in operational use for the extraction of latent information from degraded photographs arising in routine police work. A wide range of spatial domain and Fourier domain techniques to both diagnose and correct for various picture problems are described. The enhancement methods discussed include contrast enhancement, noise filtering, digital color filtering, perspective correction, adaptive Fourier filtering to remove background patterns, and image deblurring. Color images are treated by operating on the separated red, green, and blue (R, G, B) components, and a novel encoding scheme is used to enable the display of color pictures on a standard 8-bit frame store. These techniques have been developed for, and applied to, operational rather than laboratory-generated images. A brief description is given of the hardware that is used, which incorpo-rates an array processor to enhance computational speed, a high quality micro-densitometer for digitizing images, and a digital frame store for final display. The system has been configured to give an operator as much interactive control as possible.

关键词： image processing algorithms and systems

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REPRESENTING BIPOLAR AND COMPLEX imageRY IN NONCOHERENT OPTICS image-processing systems - COMPARISON OF APPROACHES

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 1981年第4期20卷 568-573页

作者： GLASER, I The Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel)

Noncoherent-optics systems are linear in irradiance, which is a nonnegative, real quantity; bipolar and complex data must be indirectly represented. We compare spatial representation methods and evaluate their relativ... 详细信息

关键词： image processing algorithms and systems Optics

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Active surface model-based adaptive thresholding algorithm by repulsive external force

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2003年第2期12卷 299-306页

作者： Liu, F Luo, XP Song, XD Hu, DC Tsinghua Univ Dept Automat Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Inspired by the idea that threshold surface always intersects the image surface at high gradient points, an active surface-based adaptive thresholding algorithm is proposed to get the binarized result. In this model, the external force is designed to be repulsive from the image surface, thus at the equilibrium state the active surface tends to cover the, supporting points of high gradient with smooth property. as well as be away from the image surface locally, which makes the obtained. threshold surface properly, separate the foreground and background. The description of the algorithm,is. in a simple and reasonable energy functional form, and only two parameters need to be tuned, which gives more convenience to the operation. Analysis and comparison for the, experimental. results reveal that it cannot only give the proper thresholding result but also restrain the occurrence of the ghost phenomenon. (C) 2003 SPIE and IST.

关键词： image segmentation Model-based design 3D modeling 3D image processing Algorithm development Control systems Data modeling image processing algorithms and systems Performance modeling Surgery

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Block-matching algorithm based on dynamic adjustment of search window for low bit-rate video coding

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 1998年第3期7卷 571-577页

作者： Oh, HS Lee, HK Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Taejon 305701 South Korea

A dynamic search window adjustment for block-matching algorithm (BMA) based on the block similarity is presented to reduce the computational complexity of full search BMA. The adjustment of the size of the search window is performed in three steps: (1) set a new search origin based on the block similarity and the displaced block difference (DBD), (2) adjust the size of search window in inverse proportion to block similarity, and (3) update the thresholds for accommodation to a given image sequence. The technique can be easily applied to full search BMA and several fast search algorithms to get more efficiency and to reduce a possibility of falling into a local minimum. Experimental results show that the proposed technique has a good MSE performance and reduces the number of search points substantially. (C) 1998 SPIE and IS&T. [S1017-9909(98)02303-4].

关键词： Video image segmentation Video coding image processing algorithms and systems Distortion Algorithm development Motion estimation Computer science Computer simulations

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Toward an image segmentation benchmark for evaluation of vision systems

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2001年第1期10卷 203-212页

作者： Pissaloux, EE Univ Rouen PSI F-76821 Mont St Aignan France CNRS LRP F-78140 Velizy Villacoublay France CNRS GDR PRC ISIS F-75700 Paris France

This paper is a contribution to a benchmark concept definition and it proposes a set of image segmentation algorithms which should be included in any benchmark for vision system. The proposed algorithms allow us to predict, estimate, and quantify many image/vision system parameters such as data acquisition rate, local and global system communications, machine capability to support recursive processings, data reorganization, different programming/implementation models, system scalability, etc. The proposed three algorithms calculate: multithreshold image connect component labeling, image region identification (through two complementary steps: isotropic seed region growing and pixel fusion), and data reorganization. Formalized algorithms, which can be implemented on different plate-forms (sequential, parallel, distributed) supporting different programming and implementation paradigms (models) are given. Machine performance analysis and quantification via matching coefficients are proposed as well. (C) 2001 SPIE and IS&T.

关键词： image segmentation image processing image fusion image processing algorithms and systems Computer programming Performance modeling Data communications Data modeling Convolution Telecommunications

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Clustering approach to bone and soft tissue segmentation of digital radiographic images of extremities

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2003年第1期12卷 40-49页

作者： Pakin, SK Gaborski, RS Barski, LL Foos, DH Parker, KJ Univ Rochester Dept Elect & Comp Engn Rochester NY 14627 USA Rochester Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Rochester NY 14653 USA Eastman Kodak Co Hlth Imaging Res Lab Rochester NY 14650 USA

We present an algorithm for segmentation of computed radiography (CR) images of extremities into bone and soft tissue regions. The algorithm is region-based in which the regions are constructed using a region-growing procedure based on two different statistical tests. Following the region-growing process, a tissue classification method is employed. The purpose of the classification is to label each region as either bone or soft tissue. This binary classification goal is achieved by using a voting procedure that consists of the clustering of regions in each neighborhood system into two classes. The voting procedure provides a crucial compromise between the local and the global analysis of the image, which is necessary due to strong exposure variations seen on the imaging plate. Also, the existence of regions whose size is large enough such that exposure variations can be observed through them makes it necessary to use overlapping blocks during the classification. After the tissue classification step, the resulting bone and soft tissue regions are refined by fitting a second-order surface to each tissue, and reevaluating the label of each region according to the distance between the region and surfaces. The performance of the algorithm is tested on a variety of extremity images using manually segmented images as the gold standard. The experiments show that our algorithm provides a bone boundary with an average area overlap of 90% compared to the gold standard. (C) 2003 SPIE and IST.

关键词： Tissues image segmentation Bone Natural surfaces image processing algorithms and systems Chromium Gold image processing Medical imaging Binary data

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Unsupervised Bayesian wavelet domain segmentation using Potts-Markov random field modeling

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2005年第4期14卷 043011.1-043011.1页

作者： Brault, P Mohammad-Djafari, A Univ Paris 11 Inst Elect Fondamentale CNRS UMR 8622 F-91405 Orsay France

We describe a new fully unsupervised image segmentation method based on a Bayesian approach and a Potts-Markov random field ( PMRF) model that are performed in the wavelet domain. A Bayesian segmentation model, based on a PMRF in the direct domain, has already been successfully developed and tested. This model performs a fully unsupervised segmentation, on images composed of homogeneous regions, by introducing a hidden Markov model ( HMM) for the regions to be classified, and Gaussian distributions for the noise and for the pixels pertaining to each region. The computation of the posterior laws, deduced from these a priori distributions for the pixels, is done by a Markov chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC) approach and uses a Gibbs sampling algorithm. The use of a high number of iterations to reach convergence in a segmentation, where the number of segments, or "classes" labels, is important, makes the algorithm rather slow for the processing of a large quantity of data like image sequences. To overcome this problem, we take advantage of the property of the wavelet coefficients, in an orthogonal decomposition, to be modeled by a mixture of two Gaussians. Thus, by projecting an observable noisy image in the wavelet domain, we are able to segment, in this same domain, the wavelet subbands in only two classes. After a decomposition up to a scale J, the main idea is to segment the coarse, and small, approximation subband with a high number of classes, and to segment all the detail ( wavelet) subbands with only two classes. The segmented wavelet domain coefficients are then reconstructed to obtain a final segmented image in the direct domain. Our tests on synthetic and natural images show that the segmentation quality stays good, even with noisy images, and shows that the segmentation times can be significantly reduced. (c) 2005 SPIE and IS&T.

关键词： image segmentation Wavelets Beam propagation method image processing algorithms and systems image quality image processing image classification Satellite imaging Satellites Hyperspectral imaging

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