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infection vs inflammation in prosthetic heart valves by [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT: A practical tutorial for accurate interpretation-

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JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY 2025年 45卷 102053页

作者： Roque, Albert Pizzi, Maria Nazarena Hosp Univ Vall dHebron Dept Radiol Barcelona Spain Hosp Univ Vall dHebron Dept Cardiol Barcelona Spain Hosp Univ Vall dHebron Nucl Cardiol Unit Dept Nucl Med Barcelona Spain IDI Inst Diagnost Imatge LHospitalet de Llobregat Spain Univ Autonoma Barcelona Bellaterra Spain Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Cardiovasc CIBE Madrid Spain

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infection prevention and control in long-term care facilities in Florida: A needs assessment survey

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF infection CONTROL 2025年第2期53卷 210-221页

作者： Prins, Cindy Bollinger, Avery E. Johnson, Cassandra L. Pomeranz, Jamie L. Bethart, Sally M. Cherabuddi, Kartikeya Horgas, Ann L. Venugopalan, Veena Marlow, Nicole M. Agdas, Duzgun Wu, Chang-Yu Jutla, Antarpreet Singh Khan, Mishal Charles, Argentina Burke, A. C. Revere, F. Lee Univ Florida Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess Dept Epidemiol Gainesville FL USA Univ Florida Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy Gainesville FL USA Univ Florida Coll Nursing Dept Family Community & Hlth Syst Sci Gainesville FL USA UNIV S FLORIDA TAMPA GEN HOSP DEPT PEDIAT TAMPA FL 33620 USA Univ Florida Coll Nursing Dept Biobehav Nursing Sci Gainesville FL USA Univ Florida Coll Pharm Dept Pharmacotherapy & Translat Res Gainesville FL USA Univ Florida Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastructure & Environm Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastruct & Environm Gainesville FL 32611 USA Univ Miami Coll Engn Dept Chem Environm & Mat Engn Miami FL USA Florida Dept Hlth Bur Epidemiol Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect Infect Dis Prevent & Invest Sect Tallahassee FL USA RB Hlth Partners Crystal Beach FL USA Univ Cent Florida Coll Med Dept Populat Hlth Sci Orlando FL USA

Background: Although several surveys of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices have been conducted in the United States, none have focused on the state of Florida, which has the fourth-largest number of certified nursing facilities in the country. A needs assessment survey was conducted to better understand the specific needs and practices of individuals responsible for IPC in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Florida. Methods: In November and December of 2022, a 90-question online survey was distributed to individuals responsible for IPC activities at 3,690 LTCFs in Florida. After omitting incomplete responses, 304 survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Survey responses regarding hand hygiene, sharps safety, and staff training reflect compliance with recommended IPC practices. Staffing shortages for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants were high among respondents (30%), while few reported shortages of personal protective equipment (5%). Only 11% of respondents state their facility requires flu vaccines, despite the high-risk environment of LTCFs. Concerning the built environment, the results suggest infection preventionists have limited awareness of the scope of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in their facilities. Conclusions: Some areas of compliance with IPC best practices were noted, but multiple opportunities for education and training on IPC best practices were identified. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Long-term care facility Skilled nursing facility Nursing home infection infection control

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infection Reducing Strategies in Sacroneuromodulation: A Systematic Review

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NEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS 2025年第4期44卷 839-850页

作者： Carbone, Laurel Rothenberger, Rodger Houston, Hannah E. Stone, Samantha L. Lenger, Stacy M. Stuart, Ansley Gaskins, Jeremy T. Francis, Sean Gupta, Ankita Univ Louisville Div Urogynecol & Reconstruct Pelv Surg Louisville KY 40292 USA Univ Louisville Sch Med Louisville KY USA Univ Louisville Kornhauser Lib Hlth Sci Campus Louisville KY USA Univ Louisville Sch Publ Hlth & Informat Sci Louisville KY USA

Objectives: To determine the effect of infection-reducing strategies on postoperative complications for adult patients receiving sacroneuromodulation (SNM). Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid, various EBSCOHost databases, and *** was initially performed on December 21, 2023, and updated on March 25, 2024. Studies with patients receiving SNM for any indication were included if they reported specific infection-reducing intervention(s) as well as at least one outcome(s) of interest (infection, device explant, or surgery-related complications). Abstracts and potentially relevant full-text manuscripts were double screened. The percentage of reported infections from each study was extracted and studies were categorized by interventions. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were used to characterize the impact of different interventions across studies. Time to infection and colonization results were extracted when available. The quality of studies was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria (GRADE). Results: Of 6172 abstracts screened, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. An additional study that met inclusion criteria but was published after the search was included based on editorial recommendation. Study sizes ranged from 23 to 1930 participants, with 5679 participants across all included studies. Most studies were retrospective, and overall, the evidence was low in quality. There was a wide range of infection rates after SNM (0%-22.2%). Fifteen studies reported preoperative antibiotics (commonly cefazolin, cefoxitin, vancomycin, gentamicin). Six studies reported antibiotics administered before and up to 7 days after surgery. Eight studies reported the use of specific irrigation solution at the time of SNM placement. One study reported on the use of an antimicrobial pouch at the time of SNM. Eleven studies reported on specific skin preparation solutions (chlorhexidine (CHG)

关键词： antibiotics device explant infection sacroneuromodulation

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infection risk with JAK inhibitors in dermatoses: a meta-analysis

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY 2025年第1期64卷 24-36页

作者： Ireland, Patrick A. Verheyden, Matthew Jansson, Nicholas Sebaratnam, Deshan Sullivan, John Prince Wales Hosp Randwick NSW 2031 Australia Univ New South Wales Randwick NSW Australia Univ Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia John Hunter Hosp Newcastle NSW Australia Gold Coast Univ Hosp Gold Coast Qld Australia Liverpool Hosp Liverpool NSW Australia Kingsway Dermatol & Aesthet Miranda NSW Australia

Evolving evidence suggests that Janus Kinase Inhibitors (JAKi) may predispose to certain infections, including tuberculosis and human herpes viruses. This review aimed to compare the infection risk in patients on a systemic JAKi for a dermatologic indication to a placebo. A systematic review was carried out from inception to June 2023, using the EMBASE, Medline, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library of Registered Trials databases. Eligible studies included placebo-controlled randomized trials that investigated the incidence of infection in patients with a dermatologic indication. Primary outcomes included the most commonly reported infections pertaining to serious and opportunistic infections, upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis, herpes simplex, varicella zoster, tuberculosis, neutropenia, and lymphopenia. A meta-analysis of incidence ratios was conducted to determine odds ratios (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) analysis. The meta-analysis found no increased risk of serious (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.61-1.43, P = 0.74) or opportunistic infections (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.32-1.31, P = 0.23). The incidence of varicella-zoster infections was significantly higher in the JAKi cohort (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.08-2.72, P = 0.022). From 25 studies, there was no overall increased risk of herpes simplex infections (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.93-2.23, P = 0.102) to placebo;however, a significantly higher risk in those with atopic dermatitis to alopecia areata was demonstrated (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.13-2.69, P = 0.013). The results of this analysis do not suggest an increased risk of serious and opportunistic infections in those on JAKi compared to placebo. However, they support an increased risk of varicella-zoster infections and a higher risk of herpes simplex infections in those with atopic dermatitis to alopecia areata. The results of this report support these agents' short-term safety but signal that vigilance should be practiced in patients at risk for serious or recurrent herpes

关键词： pharmacology biologics small molecules medical dermatology infection

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infection-Resistant Polypropylene Hernia Mesh: Vision & Innovations

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ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2025年第3期8卷 1797-1819页

作者： Sethi, Vipula Verma, Chetna Gupta, Amlan Mukhopadhyay, Samrat Gupta, Bhuvanesh Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Text & Fibre Engn New Delhi 110016 India Jay Prabha Medanta Hosp Dept Histopathol & Transfus Med Patna 800020 Bihar India

The surgical repair of hernias, a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide, has traditionally relied on polypropylene (PP) mesh due to its favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, postoperative infections remain a significant complication, underscoring the need for the development of infection-resistant hernia meshes. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of current advancements and innovative strategies aimed at enhancing the infection resistance of PP mesh. It presents an overview of various research efforts focused on the integration of antimicrobial agents, surface modifications, and the development of bioactive coatings to prevent bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Additionally, the synergistic effects of novel material designs and the role of nanotechnology in optimizing the anti-infective properties of PP mesh are explored. Recent clinical outcomes and in vitro studies are critically examined, highlighting challenges and potential future directions in the development of next-generation hernia meshes. Emphasis is placed on the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in advancing surgical materials with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes in hernia repair.

关键词： Polypropylene Biomaterials infection Antibacterial Plasma Grafting

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infection rate following mandibular distraction with internal and external devices in infants

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2025年 189卷 112239-112239页

作者： Disler, Emily R. Hassanzadeh, Tania Bryton, Corey A. Vecchiotti, Mark A. Marston, Alexander P. Scott, Andrew R. Tufts Univ Sch Med Boston MA USA Dr Elie E Rebeiz Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg 860 Washington St Boston MA 02111 USA

Background: Internal and external devices may be utilized in mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) for the correction of symptomatic micrognathia in infants and children. Purpose: To compare the rate and severity of infection between internal and external MDO devices. Study design, setting, sample: Retrospective cohort study utilizing an institutional database of patients who underwent MDO. Independent variable: Use of internal versus external MDO hardware. Main outcome variables: Rate of post-operative surgical site infections (minor and major). Covariates: Patient age, device type, laterality, infection, and treatment were documented. Analysis: Chi-Square and Fisher Exact Tests were used where appropriate for categorical variables and two-tailed T-tests were used for continuous variables. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Between 2010 and 2022, 36 infants (ages 7 days-12 months) underwent bilateral MDO. Thirteen cases utilized internal hardware (n = 26 surgical sites) and 23 cases utilized external hardware (n = 46 surgical sites). Fifteen patients developed post-operative infections (41.7 %), 11 of which were minor infections and 4 were major infections. Seven patients with internal devices (53.8 %) and 8 patients with external devices (34.8 %) developed an infection (p = 0.27). Minor infections occurred in 4 patients with internal hardware (30.8 %) and 7 patients with external hardware (30.4 %;p = 1.00). Major infections occurred in 3 patients with internal hardware (23.1 %) and 1 patient with external hardware (4.3 %;p = 0.25). There were 19 surgical site infections (26.4 %), 14 of which were minor infections and 5 of which were major infections. Ten internal devices (38.6 %) and 9 external devices (19.6 %) were complicated by infection (p = 0.08). Minor infections occurred in 6 internal devices (23.1 %) and 8 external devices (17.4 %;p = 0.56). Major infections occurred in 4 internal devices (15.4 %) and 1 external device (2.2 %;p = 0.05). Conclus

关键词： Mandibular distraction osteogenesis Pierre Robin sequence infection

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Monitoring phage infection and lysis of surface-immobilized bacteria by QCM-D

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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2025年第10期417卷 2143-2153页

作者： Pothineni, Bhanu K. Probst, Rene Kiefer, Dorothee Dobretzberger, Verena Barisic, Ivan Grundmeier, Guido Keller, Adrian Paderborn Univ Tech & Macromol Chem Warburger Str 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany Univ Hohenheim Inst Biol 190h Garbenstr 30 D-70599 Stuttgart Germany AIT Austrian Inst Technol GmbH Ctr Hlth & Bioresources Mol Diagnost A-1210 Vienna Austria

While being a promising approach for the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria, the clinical implementation of phage therapy still faces several challenges. One of these challenges lies in the high strain-specificity of most bacteriophages, which makes it necessary to screen large phage collections against the target pathogens in order to identify suitable candidates for the formulations of personalized therapeutic phage cocktails. In this work, we evaluate the potential of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) to identify and detect phage infection and subsequent lysis of bacteria immobilized on the surfaces of the QCM-D sensors. Using lytic Escherichia coli phage T7 as a model, we show that phage infection of E. coli cells results in various unique alterations in the behaviors of the frequency (Delta f) and dissipation (Delta D) signals, which are not observed during exposure of the E. coli strain to non-infectious Bacillus subtilis phage phi29 at similar concentration. To aid future phage screening campaigns, we furthermore identify a single measurement parameter, i.e., the spread between the different overtones of Delta D, that can be used to detect phage-induced lysis. For T7 infection of E. coli, this is achieved within 4 h after inoculation, including immobilization and growth of the bacteria on the sensor surface, as well as the completed phage propagation cycle. Given the commercial availability of highly automated multichannel systems and the fact that this approach does not require any sensor modifications, QCM-D has the potential to become a valuable tool for screening medium-sized phage collections against target pathogens.

关键词： Bacteriophages T7 Escherichia coli infection Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring Phage therapy

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EANM/SNMMI guideline/procedure standard for [¹⁸F]FDG hybrid PET use in infection and inflammation in adults v2.0

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2025年第2期52卷 510-538页

作者： Abikhzer, Gad Treglia, Giorgio Pelletier-Galarneau, Matthieu Buscombe, John Chiti, Arturo Dibble, Elizabeth H. Glaudemans, Andor W. J. M. Palestro, Christopher J. Sathekge, Mike Signore, Alberto Jamar, Francois Israel, Ora Gheysens, Olivier McGill Univ Jewish Gen Hosp Fac Med & Hlth Sci Dept Med Imaging Montreal PQ Canada Ente Osped Cantonale Imaging Inst Southern Switzerland Nucl Med Bellinzona Switzerland Univ Lausanne Lausanne Univ Hosp Dept Nucl Med & Mol Imaging Lausanne Switzerland Univ Svizzera Italiana Fac Biomed Sci CH-6900 Lugano Switzerland Montreal Heart Inst Dept Med Imaging Montreal PQ Canada Cambridge Univ Hosp Dept Nucl Med Cambridge Cambs England IRCCS San Raffaele Dept Nucl Med Milan Italy Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy Brown Univ Rhode Isl Hosp Warren Alpert Med Sch Dept Diagnost Imaging Providence RI USA Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Nucl Med & Mol Imaging Groningen Netherlands Zucker Sch Med Hofstra Northwell Dept Radiol Hempstead NY USA Univ Pretoria Steve Biko Acad Hosp Nucl Med Res Infrastruct NuMeRI Pretoria South Africa Sapienza Univ Univ Hosp S Andrea Dept Med Surg Sci & Translat Med Nucl Med Unit Rome Italy Catholic Univ Louvain Clin Univ St Luc Dept Nucl Med Brussels Belgium Catholic Univ Louvain Inst Clin & Expt Res IREC Brussels Belgium Technion Israel Inst Technol Rappaport Fac Med IL-3200003 Haifa Israel

Introduction: Hybrid [F-18]FDG PET imaging is currently the method of choice for a wide variety of infectious and inflammatory disorders and was recently adopted in several clinical guidelines. A large amount of evidence-based articles, guidelines and appropriate use criteria have been published since the first version of this guideline in 2013. Purpose: To provide updated evidence-based information to assist physicians in recommending, performing and interpreting hybrid [F-18]FDG PET examinations for infectious and inflammatory disorders in the adult population. Methods: A systematic literature search of evidence-based articles using whole-body [F-18]FDG hybrid imaging on the indications covered within this guideline was performed. All systematic reviews and meta-analyses published within the last 10 years until January 2023 were identified in PubMed/Medline or Cochrane. For each indication covered in this manuscript, diagnostic performance was provided based on meta-analyses or systematic reviews. If not available, results from prospective or retrospective studies were considered based on predefined selection criteria. Results and conclusions: Hybrid [F-18]FDG PET is extremely useful in the work-up and management of adults with infectious and inflammatory diseases, as supported by extensive and rapidly growing evidence-based literature and adoption in clinical guidelines. Practical recommendations are provided describing evidence-based indications as well as interpretation criteria and pitfalls. Monitoring treatment response is the most challenging but insufficiently studied potential application in infection and inflammation imaging.

关键词： [F-18]FDG PET/CT Inflammation infection Guideline Procedure standard

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Multistability, infection-Induced Bifurcations and Chaos in a Discrete Population Model with Treatment

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS 2025年第6期35卷

作者： Ryashko, Lev Ural Fed Univ Inst Nat Sci & Math Lenina 51 Ekaterinburg 620000 Russia

The paper is devoted to analyzing the mechanisms of spread and prevention of epidemics, based on a discrete model that takes into account the infection spread because of contacts among infected and susceptible individuals, disease-induced mortality, and the factor of treatment. Pathways leading to the complete extinction, complete recovery, and nontrivial coexistence of susceptible and infected individuals are revealed by bifurcation analysis. Parametric conditions of nontrivial modes of coexistence in the form of equilibrium, discrete cycle, quasiperiodic closed invariant curve and chaos are found. An extended analysis on transformation scenarios of these regimes in dependence of the variation of the rate of the infection spread and the treatment intensity is performed. Phenomena of infection-induced chaos and its suppression by treatment are discussed.

关键词： Population model infection treatment bifurcation chaos multistability

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Penaeus vannamei SQSTM1/p62 is a necessary condition for autophagosome-lysosome fusion after infection by Vibrio alginolyticus

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES 2025年第Pt 2期309卷 142741页

作者： Yin, Xiaoli Zhuang, Xueqi Luo, Weitao Liao, Meiqiu Huang, Lin Liu, Yuan Wang, Weina Shunde Polytech Coll Light Chem Ind & Mat Engn Foshan 528333 Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Coll Life Sci Guangzhou Key Lab Subtrop Biodivers & Biomonitorin Guangdong Prov Key Lab Hlth & Safe AquacultureKey Guangzhou 510631 Peoples R China Guangzhou Univ Sch Life Sci Guangzhou 511400 Peoples R China

As an autophagy receptor, SQSTM1/p62 facilitates the degradation of various cytoplasmic components, including proteins, organelles, and pathogens, by mediating interactions between polyubiquitination cargo and autophagosomes. Our study observed an increase in the expression level of SQSTM1/p62 during autophagy induced by Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus) in Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei), contrary to expectations, which promoted an investigation into the role of SQSTM1/p62 in infectious diseases of aquatic animals. Using silencing techniques, we examined the function and regulatory mechanism of SQSTM1/p62 during V. alginolyticus infection. Silencing the Pvp62 gene in P. vannamei and infecting them with V. alginolyticus led to a significant decrease in the survival rate of P. vannamei, indicating its importance in the infection process. Furthermore, Pvp62 silencing was found to affect the lysosome function of P. vannamei. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that silences of Pvp62 inhibited co-localization of LC3 and lamp1 after infection, while over-expression of Pvp62 promoted this process, suggesting that Pvp62 was a necessary condition for autophagosomelysosome fusion after infection by V. alginolyticus. Importantly, the overexpression of Pvp62 counteracted the inhibitory effect of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine on autophagosome-lysosome fusion in primary hemocytes of shrimp after infection, underscoring the protective role of Pvp62-mediated autophagosome-lysosome fusion pathway during V. alginolyticus infection.

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Vibrio alginolyticus infection SQSTM1/p62 Autophagosome-lysosome fusion

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