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13th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacture

作者： Wang, Junbiao Wang, Bailing Jiang, Jianjun Zhang, Shichao Northwestern Polytech Univ Xian 710072 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781848002388

A technology of ontological information coding was researched to be applied to information integration of manufacturing enterprises. The information resource was organized by classification of "information domains", and the hierarchical structure of ontological information coding system was constructed by analyzing relationship of sub-domains and information objects. Relationships between key attributes and accessorial attributes were organized by ontology, and a model of ontological information coding, which was validated by example of "Material" was formed. At last, a frame of information integration based on ontological information coding was designed with its actualizing mechanism expatiated.

关键词： information coding ontology ontological information coding information integration

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Males use time whereas females prefer harmony: individual call recognition in the dimorphic blue-footed booby

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ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR 2012年第2期84卷 413-420页

作者： Dentressangle, Fabrice Aubin, Thierry Mathevon, Nicolas Univ St Etienne ENES CNPS CNRS UMR 8195 F-42023 St Etienne 2 France Ctr Neurosci Paris Sud CNRS UMR 8195 Paris France Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico Lab Conducta Anim Inst Ecol Mexico City 04510 DF Mexico Univ Paris 11 CNPS Equipe Communicat Acoust CNRS UMR 8195 Orsay France

In breeding birds, acoustic signalling is often an important cue for reunion between sexual partners. However, in spite of its potential interest, mate recognition has rarely been examined by comparing the two sexes. We studied the blue-footed booby, Sula nebouxii, a socially monogamous seabird, with a dramatic call sexual dimorphism suggesting two different strategies for identity coding: the female call is an amplitude-modulated sound with a harmonic series slowly modulated in frequency, while the male call is a noisy whistle strongly modulated in frequency. To compare acoustic strategies between the sexes, we (1) recorded calls of both males and females, (2) searched for an individual signature and characterized it, and (3) tested, using a playback experiment, whether the calls of males and females were equally efficient for mate recognition. Results showed that an individual signature was present in the calls of both sexes. However, the acoustic parameters involved differed: female individual identification was principally achieved by a spectral analysis of the call whereas males' identity relied mostly on temporal cues. More than 70% of both females and males tested in playback experiments successfully recognized their mate. This suggests that the coding strategies are equally efficient in terms of individual recognition between mates. From a broader point of view, our results underline the importance of assessing both males and females within the same investigative framework. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： acoustic communication blue-footed booby information coding pair bond reproduction seabird sex difference social monogamy Sula nebouxii

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Synaptic plasticity of NMDA receptors: mechanisms and functional implications

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CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2012年第3期22卷 496-508页

作者： Hunt, David L. Castillo, Pablo E. Albert Einstein Coll Med Dept Neurosci Kennedy Ctr Bronx NY 10461 USA

Beyond their well-established role as triggers for LTP and LTD of fast synaptic transmission mediated by AMPA receptors, an expanding body of evidence indicates that NMDA receptors (NMDARs) themselves are also dynamically regulated and subject to activity-dependent long-term plasticity. NMDARs can significantly contribute to information transfer at synapses particularly during periods of repetitive activity. It is also increasingly recognized that NMDARs participate in dendritic synaptic integration and are critical for generating persistent activity of neural assemblies. Here we review recent advances on the mechanisms and functional consequences of NMDAR plasticity. Given the unique biophysical properties of NMDARs, synaptic plasticity of NMDAR-mediated transmission emerges as a particularly powerful mechanism for the fine tuning of information encoding and storage throughout the brain.

关键词： Long-Term Potentiation Synaptic plasticity Synaptic Transmission TRIGGERS n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor information coding fine tuning AMPA Receptors information Transfer

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Regulation of AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity

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CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2012年第3期22卷 461-469页

作者： Anggono, Victor Huganir, Richard L. Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med Dept Neurosci Howard Hughes Med Inst Baltimore MD 21205 USA

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate the majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Dynamic changes in neuronal synaptic efficacy, termed synaptic plasticity, are thought to underlie information coding and storage in learning and memory. One major mechanism that regulates synaptic strength involves the tightly regulated trafficking of AMPARs into and out of synapses. The life cycle of AMPARs from their biosynthesis, membrane trafficking, and synaptic targeting to their degradation are controlled by a series of orchestrated interactions with numerous intracellular regulatory proteins. Here we review recent progress made toward the understanding the regulation of AMPAR trafficking, focusing on the roles of several key intracellular AMPAR interacting proteins.

关键词： AMPA Receptors Synaptic plasticity Excitatory synaptic transmission Synaptic strength information coding synaptic efficacy

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Acoustic communication in crocodilians: information encoding and species specificity of juvenile calls

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ANIMAL COGNITION 2012年第6期15卷 1095-1109页

作者： Vergne, Amelie L. Aubin, Thierry Martin, Samuel Mathevon, Nicolas Univ Lyon St Etienne CNRS CNPS Equipe Neuroethol SensorielleUMR 8195 St Etienne France Ctr Natl Rech Sci Ctr Neurosci Paris S UMR 8195 Paris France Univ Paris 11 CNRS CNPS Equipe Commun AcoustUMR 8195 F-91405 Orsay France La Ferme Crocodiles Pierrelatte France

In the Crocodylia order, all species are known for their ability to produce sounds in several communication contexts. Though recent experimental studies have brought evidence of the important biological role of young crocodilian calls, especially at hatching time, the juvenile vocal repertoire still needs to be clarified in order to describe thoroughly the crocodilian acoustic communication channel. The goal of this study is to investigate the acoustic features (structure and information coding) in the contact call of juveniles from three different species (Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus, Black caiman, Melanosuchus niger and Spectacled caiman, Caiman crocodilus). We have shown that even though substantial structural differences exist between the calls of different species, they do not seem relevant for crocodilians. Indeed, juveniles and adults from the species studied use a similar and non-species-specific way of encoding information, which relies on frequency modulation parameters. Interestingly, using conditioning experiments, we demonstrated that this tolerance in responses to signals of different acoustic structures was unlikely to be related to a lack of discriminatory abilities. This result reinforced the idea that crocodilians have developed adaptations to use sounds efficiently for communication needs.

关键词： Crocodiles Caimans Acoustic communication Species recognition information coding Conditioning experiments

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Acoustic cues used for species recognition can differ between sexes and sibling species: evidence in shearwaters

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ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR 2012年第1期84卷 239-250页

作者： Cure, Charlotte Mathevon, Nicolas Mundry, Roger Aubin, Thierry Univ Paris 11 CNRS UMR 8195 Equipe Commun Acoust AnimCNPS F-91405 Orsay France Univ St Etienne Equipe Neuroethol Sensorielle CNPS CNRSUMR 8195 St Etienne France CNRS Ctr Neurosci Paris Sud UMR 8195 F-91405 Orsay France Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol Leipzig Germany

In birds, species identity is one of the most important messages conveyed by vocalizations and is the basis for effective acoustic communication between conspecifics. Acoustic analyses can reveal which acoustic cues signal species identity, that is, the cues that could potentially be used by birds for species recognition, whereas playback experiments aim to determine which cues birds actually use for species recognition. Few studies have compared the acoustic cues used for species-specific recognition between closely related species and between sexes within species. We focused on three shearwater species (Puffinus yelkouan, Puffinus mauretanicus, Calonectris d. diomedea) breeding in the Mediterranean basin. In a previous study we showed that males and females of these three closely related species produce broadband calls strongly modulated in frequency and share a wide range of acoustic features signalling species identity. Here, we investigated whether these birds use similar acoustic cues for species recognition. Playback experiments showed that these cues were more similar between species of the genus Puffinus that rely mainly on frequency modulation than between Puffinus and Calonectris species, the latter using mainly frequency spectrum-related cues. In spite of similarities between the Puffinus species, we found substantial differences, P. mauretanicus being more sensitive to frequency value modification than P. yelkouan. We also found that females of the three species rely on more acoustic parameters to identify species than males. Our results show that the species-specific recognition system can show significant differences between closely related species and between sexes. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： acoustic communication Calonectris information coding playback experiment Puffinus seabird shearwater species-specific recognition

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coding efficiency and detectability of rate fluctuations with non-Poisson neuronal firing 12

Coding efficiency and detectability of rate fluctuations wit...

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Annual Conference on Neural information Processing Systems

作者： Shinsuke Koyama Department of Statistical Modeling The Institute of Statistical Mathematics 10-3 Midori-cho Tachikawa Tokyo 190-8562 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781627480031

Statistical features of neuronal spike trains are known to be non-Poisson. Here, we investigate the extent to which the non-Poissonian feature affects the efficiency of transmitting information on fluctuating firing rates. For this purpose, we introduce the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence as a measure of the efficiency of information encoding, and assume that spike trains are generated by time-rescaled renewal processes. We show that the KL divergence determines the lower bound of the degree of rate fluctuations below which the temporal variation of the firing rates is undetectable from sparse data. We also show that the KL divergence, as well as the lower bound, depends not only on the variability of spikes in terms of the coefficient of variation, but also significantly on the higher-order moments of interspike interval (ISI) distributions. We examine three specific models that are commonly used for describing the stochastic nature of spikes (the gamma, inverse Gaussian (IG) and lognormal ISI distributions), and find that the time-rescaled renewal process with the IG distribution achieves the largest KL divergence, followed by the lognormal and gamma distributions.

关键词： detectability FIRING RATE lognormal spikes information coding Sparse data TRAIN Renewal Lower bound

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On the Feasibility of Using Microfluidic Technologies for Communications in Labs-on-a-Chip

On the Feasibility of Using Microfluidic Technologies for Co...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications

作者： Elena De Leo Laura Galluccio Alfio Lombardo Giacomo Morabito DIEEI - University of Catania

ISBN: (纸本)9781457720529

Microfluidics refers to manipulation and control of little amount of fluids flowing into channels of micro-scale size and is the basic technology utilized by Labs-on-a-Chip (LoC) systems. In the recent past researchers have analyzed the possibility to support information exchange between different elements of a LoC. However, support of communication in microfluidic systems relies on the use of appropriate information coding strategies and deep knowledge of channel propagation characteristics. Accordingly, in this paper we compare two different schemes for information coding and evaluate the corresponding capacities depending on the characteristics of the fluids utilized. Furthermore, we discuss how such encoding schemes can be integrated in networking solutions for LoCs.

关键词： Communication Research information coding Microfluidics Fluid information exchange coding systems propagation characteristics

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Preface: A Physical Sciences Perspective of the Evolution of Drug Resistance in Cancer

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MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS 2011年第6期8卷 1994-1995页

作者： Kuhn, Nastaran Zahir Nagahara, Larry NCI Off Phys Sci Oncol Ctr Strateg Sci Initiat Off DirectorNIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA

In this day and age with advanced technologies for the detection JLand diagnosis of cancer, the treatment to cure or even to control cancer remains a challenge greatly due to the evolution of resistance to available treatments. It is estimated that in the United States 1,530,000 people were diagnosed with and 570,000 people died of cancer of all sites in 2010 [http://***/csr/ 1975_2007/results_single/sect_01_***]. Most cancer-related deaths are not due to cancer in the primary site; rather, the deaths are due to disseminated disease when metastasis occurs in vital organs such as the liver, lungs, or pancreas. Relapse in cancer patients undergoing therapy is by and large due to the evolution of drug resistance in the cancer cell population. Evolutionary- theory predicts that, given time, heredity, and variation, any living organisms will evolve when a selective pressure is introduced. Albeit much more complex, the evolution of drug resistance in cancer is akin to the evolution of antibiotic drug resistance in bacteria, where evolutionary theory has been applied to suggest specific strategies to delay the onset of drug *** October 2009 the Physical Sciences-Oncology Centers (PS-OCs) Program was launched by the Office of Physical Sciences-Oncology (OPSO) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to taclde longstanding problems in cancer biology and oncology with a physical sciences perspective. Across the country, twelve PS-OCs were established to form a PS-OC Network bringing together for the first time teams of experts from the physical and biological sciences to study cancer at a fundamental level. Thematic areas around which the PS-OCs formed are (l) the physical laws and principals of cancer; (2) information coding, decoding, transfer and translation in cancer; (3) deconvolving cancer\'s complexity; and (4) evolution and evolutionary theory in cancer. A subtheme of the lattermost is the topic for this special issue of Molecular Pharma..

关键词： Theory of Evolution Cancer Biology Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial Physical science advanced technologies Biological Science Disciplines information coding Drug Resistance Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

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Image Completion Using Local Images

Image Completion Using Local Images

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作者： Dalkvist, Mikael Linköping University

学位级别：master

Image completion is a process of removing an area from a photograph and replacing it with suitable data. Earlier methods either search for this relevant data within the image itself, or extends the search to some form of additional data, usually some form of *** that search for suitable data within the image itself has problems when no suitable data can be found in the image. Methods that extend their search has in earlier work either used some form of database with labeled images or a massive database with photos from the Internet. For the labels in a database to be useful they typically needs to be entered manually, which is a very time consuming process. Methods that uses databases with millions of images from the Internet has issues with copyrighted images, storage of the photographs and computation *** work shows that a small database of the user’s own private, or professional, photos can be used to improve the quality of image completions. A photographer today typically take many similar photographs on similar scenes during a photo session. Therefore a smaller number of images are needed to find images that are visually and structurally similar, than when random images downloaded from the internet are ***, this approach gains most of the advantages of using additional data for the image completions, while at the same time minimizing the disadvantages. It gains a better ability to find suitable data without having to process millions of irrelevant photos

关键词： hole filling image completion scene completion image compositing image database inpainting GPU CUDA Medieteknik Datateknik bildbehandling Natural Sciences Computer and information Science Computer Engineering Naturvetenskap Data- och informationsvetenskap Datorteknik TECHNOLOGY TEKNIKVETENSKAP teknik Technology Examensarbete i informationskodning information coding

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