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A REMOTE COOPERATIVE dESIGN SYSTEM USING interactive 3d graphics

International Journal of Image and graphics 2001年第1期1卷 153-167页

作者： YUHUA LUO RICARdO GALLI dAVId SÁNCHEZ ANTONIO BENNASAR JUAN FORNÉS JUAN CARLOS SERRA JUAN MANUEL HUÉSCAR JOSEP GAYÀ University of Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain

This paper presents a distributed system for the cooperative design in a 3d virtual environment with full interactive 3d graphics functionality. The system includes a multi-site 3d cooperative editor, a database and a cooperative support platform. The users can design and modify a common 3d virtual world from remote sites simultaneously and cooperatively via long distance communication network. The design information can be stored into the design database and retrieved from it. The cooperative and communication support platform keeps the application away from the network process detail.

关键词： interactive 3d graphics Cooperative 3d design distributed Systems CSCW Multi-Site Communication Application

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IRIS performer: A high performance multiprocessing toolkit for real-time 3d graphics 94

IRIS performer: A high performance multiprocessing toolkit f...

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Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Computer graphics

作者： Rohlf, John Helman, James Silicon Graphics Computer Systems 2011 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View CA

ISBN: (纸本)9780897916677

This paper describes the design and implementation of IRIS Performer, a toolkit for visual simulation, virtual reality, and other real-time 3d graphics applications. The principal design goal is to allow application developers to more easily obtain maximal performance from 3d graphics workstations which feature multiple CPUs and support an immediate-mode rendering library. To this end, the toolkit combines a low-level library for high-performance rendering with a high-level library that implements pipelined, parallel traversals of a hierarchical scene graph. While discussing the toolkit architecture, the paper illuminates and addresses performance issues fundamental to immediate-mode graphics and coarse-grained, pipelined multiprocessing. graphics optimizations focus on efficient data transfer to the graphics subsystem, reduction of mode settings, and restricting state inheritance. The toolkit's multiprocessing features solve the problems of how to partition work among multiple processes, how to synchronize these processes, and how to manage data in a pipelined, multiprocessing environment. The paper also discusses support for intersection detection, fixed-frame rates, run-time profiling and special effects such as geometric morphing.

关键词： interactive 3d graphics Multiprocessing Real-time graphics Virtual reality Visual simulation

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Variational design of curves and surfaces using multiresolution constraints

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VISUAL COMPUTER 1998年第5-6期14卷 208-227页

作者： Takahashi, S Gunma Univ Dept Comp Sci Gunma 3768515 Japan

Variational design of curves and surfaces is a topic of interest in geometric modeling and interactive 3d graphics. Such variational methods have been extended to control multiresolution curves and surfaces. However, in these methods, constraints imposed on the shape are common at all resolution levels;the level at which the shape satisfies the constraints within the specified error tolerance is selected. We present a variational method of designing shapes that imposes different constraints at multiple levels of resolution. The curves and surfaces are represented by endpoint-interpolating B-splines and their corresponding wavelets. Multiresolution constraints are converted from coarse to fine resolution to associate all the constraints with common basis functions. We tested several combinations of energy functions and methods to see which is best for controlling the smoothness.

关键词： variational modeling multiresolution constraints smooth curves and surfaces endpoint-interpolating B-spline wavelets interactive 3d graphics

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dECOUPLEd SIMULATION IN VIRTUAL-REALITY WITH THE MR TOOLKIT

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1993年第3期11卷 287-317页

作者： SHAW, C GREEN, M LIANG, Jd SUN, YQ University of Alberta

The Virtual Reality (VR) user interface style allows natural hand and body motions to manipulate virtual objects in 3d environments using one or more 3d input devices. This style is best suited to application areas where traditional two-dimensional styles fall short, such as scientific visualization, architectural visualization, and remote manipulation. Currently, the programming effort required to produce a VR application is too large, and many pitfalls must be avoided in the creation of successful VR programs. In this article we describe the decoupled Simulation Model (dSM) for creating successful VR applications, and a software system that embodies this model. The MR Toolkit simplifies the development of VR applications by providing standard facilities required by a wide range of VR user interfaces. These facilities include support for distributed computing, head-mounted displays, room geometry management, performance monitoring, hand input devices, and sound (audio) feedback. The MR Toolkit encourages programmers to structure their applications to take advantage of the distributed computing capabilities of workstation networks, improving the application's performance. In this article, the motivations and the architecture of the toolkit are outlined;the programmer's view is described;and a simple application is briefly described.

关键词： dESIGN HUMAN FACTORS interactive 3d graphics USER INTERFACE SOFTWARE

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THREd: A two-handed design system

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MULTIMEdIA SYSTEMS 1997年第2期5卷 126-139页

作者： Shaw, Cd Green, M Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H1 Canada CA

This paper describes a computer-aided design system for sketching free-form polygonal surfaces such as terrains and other natural objects. The user manipulates two 3d position and orientation trackers with three buttons, one for each hand. Each hand has a distinct role to play, with the dominant hand being responsible for picking and manipulation, and the less dominant hand being responsible for context setting of various kinds. The less dominant hand holds the workpiece, sets which refinement level that can be picked by the dominant hand, sets the constraint mode and the reshape operator, and generally acts as a counterpoint to the dominant hand. In this paper, the architecture of the system is outlined, the interaction techniques are presented, and a simple surface is shown.

关键词： user interface software virtual reality interactive 3d graphics two-handed interfaces free-form surfaces geometric modeling

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Enterprise-level architecture for interactive web-based 3d visualization of geo-referenced repositories 09

Enterprise-level architecture for interactive web-based 3D v...

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Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on 3d Web Technology

作者： Bruno Simões Giuseppe Conti Stefano Piffer Raffaele de Amicis Fondazione Graphitech

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584324

Interoperability, interactivity and 3d visualization are three of the most important challenges related to Geographical Information Systems. In the last few years, research on interoperability has evolved from simple exchange of spatial data files, through the establishment of standardized spatial data repositories, to the first initiatives allowing management of semantic aspects of data. Interoperability has been mainly hampered by the need to agree on standards, and to develop appropriate tools and methods. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) has proposed a number of standards with the intention of promoting interoperability through the use of open services such as Web Mapping Service (WMS), Web Processing Service (WPS), Web Feature Service (WFS) and Web Coverage Service (WCS). However, there are a number of open issues regarding interactivity, 3d data visualization, fault tolerance, scalability, server-independent implementation, delayed-time transactions, to name but a few, that clearly reflect the need for further study and discussion. This paper presents a service-oriented architecture in the context of interoperable Web 3d GIS applications, designed to support features such as manipulation, processing and visual analysis of geographical information.

关键词： interactive 3d graphics thin clients user-interface paradigms service oriented architectures geovisualisation virtual environments interaction methods

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depthLab: Real-time 3d Interaction with depth Maps for Mobile Augmented Reality 20

DepthLab: Real-time 3D Interaction with Depth Maps for Mobil...

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33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST)

作者： du, Ruofei Turner, Eric dzitsiuk, Maksym Prasso, Luca duarte, Ivo dourgarian, Jason Afonso, Joao Pascoal, Jose Gladstone, Josh Cruces, Nuno Izadi, Shahram Kowdle, Adarsh Tsotsos, Konstantine Kim, david Google LLC Mountain View CA 94043 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375146

Mobile devices with passive depth sensing capabilities are ubiquitous, and recently active depth sensors have become available on some tablets and AR/VR devices. Although real-time depth data is accessible, its rich value to mainstream AR applications has been sorely under-explored. Adoption of depth-based UX has been impeded by the complexity of performing even simple operations with raw depth data, such as detecting intersections or constructing meshes. In this paper, we introduce depthLab, a software library that encapsulates a variety of depth-based UI/UX paradigms, including geometry-aware rendering (occlusion, shadows), surface interaction behaviors (physics-based collisions, avatar path planning), and visual effects (relighting, 3d-anchored focus and aperture effects). We break down the usage of depth into localized depth, surface depth, and dense depth, and describe our real-time algorithms for interaction and rendering tasks. We present the design process, system, and components of depthLab to streamline and centralize the development of interactive depth features. We have open-sourced our software at https://***/googlesamples/arcore-depth-lab to external developers, conducted performance evaluation, and discussed how depthLab can accelerate the workflow of mobile AR designers and developers. With depthLab we aim to help mobile developers to effortlessly integrate depth into their AR experiences and amplify the expression of their creative vision.

关键词： depth map interactive 3d graphics real time interaction augmented reality mobile AR rendering GPU ARCore

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Compiling 3d models of European heritage from user domain XML

Compiling 3D models of European heritage from user domain XM...

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9th International Conference on Information Visualisation

作者： Farrimond, B Hetherington, R Liverpool Hope Univ Coll Liverpool Merseyside England

ISBN: (纸本)0769523978

Europe has a unique heritage and culture that is largely hidden from its young people. New information and communication technologies present an opportunity to involve the young people of Europe in discovering this heritage and presenting it to others in an exciting, dynamic way. This paper describes early work on the INHERIT project which involves the development of a set of tools, data and structures to build and manage historical and three-dimensional models. This will enable school and college students to share in creating and exploring distributed simulations of dynamic aspects of history, geography, economics, politics and other subjects closely associated with European citizenship. With the tools developed it is envisaged that school pupils will be able to add, for example, landscape, buildings, avatars and a range of other objects, to a virtual world that models the heritage of Europe. The tools are based upon XML technologies to structure and distribute data and X3d or YRML to display that three-dimensional data.

关键词： information visualization interactive 3d graphics X3d XML VRML cultural heritage

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developing a parametric approach for 3d modelling software

Developing a parametric approach for 3D modelling software

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10th International Conference on Information Visualization (IV06)

作者： Farrimond, Brian Hetherington, Robina Liverpool Hope Univ Liverpool Merseyside England

ISBN: (纸本)0769526020

The creation of 3d models is generally considered by newcomers to be a difficult activity requiring a number of skills and considerable practice. This paper describes work in the INHERIT project which aims to address these issues by providing a 3d modelling tool set which is easy to use, requiring few skills and little practice. This is achieved by the development of software tools which are customised to build particular types of model. The key aspect of these tools is the treatment of the underlying data of the 3d model as a tree structure Of nodes which consist of parameterised representations of the components of the object being modelled The tools then automatically generate the graphics primitives that enable the visualisation and interaction with the object. This paper describes the implementation of the first tool created following this principle which enables schoolchildren to model church structures.

关键词： information visualization interactive 3d graphics VRML cultural heritage XML

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Using 3d to visualise temporal data

Using 3D to visualise temporal data

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8th International Conference on Information Visualisation

作者： Farrimond, B Hetherington, R Liverpool Hope Univ Coll Liverpool Merseyside England

ISBN: (纸本)0769521770

dynamic 3d models generated from historical, time stamped data provide opportunities for insights and understanding that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to gain in applications as diverse as the teaching and learning of history and the analysis of aerospace experiments. This paper describes how historical data in a temporal database can be used to generate dynamic 3d models expressed in VRML. The models include facilities to move back and forth in time, to hide or reveal groups of objects and their labels and to show the paths traced by individual objects as they move through space and time. The change of shape of objects over time can also be modelled. The tools described in this paper enable the user to create these 3d worlds automatically without needing to know anything about the underlying 3d modelling language employed.

关键词： animation data model information visualization interactive 3d graphics temporal database VRML XML

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