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interdigitated microelectrode array-coupled bipolar semiconductor photodiode array (IMEA-PDA) microchip for on-chip electrochemiluminescence detection

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BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES 2009年第5期11卷 971-980页

作者： Pal, Sukdeb Kim, Min Jung Tak, Yu Kyung Kwon, Ho Talk Song, Joon Myong Seoul Natl Univ Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst Seoul 151742 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Coll Pharm Seoul 151742 South Korea Celltek Co Ltd Ansan 426170 South Korea

This paper reports the design, fabrication and testing of a microchip wherein interdigitated microelectrode arrays (IMEA) were integrated with bipolar semiconductor photodiode array (PDA) chip to fabricate a highly compact embodiment for on-chip handling of solutions and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection. A 12 x 12 micro array of photodiodes, each coupled with an interdigitated microelectrode array (IMEA), an array of current amplifiers, and a photodiode element-addressing circuit were integrated into a single 2 x 2 cm(2) IC chip. Each photodiode had dimensions of 300 x 300 mu m(2) and the photodiode-to-photodiode distance was 100 mu m. The chip was successfully applied to the on-chip quantification of electro-chemiluminescing probe-labeled single stranded oligonucleotides. The minimum detectable limit at signal/noise >= 3 was found to be 5 x 10(-14) moles of oligonucleotides with a sample volume as low as 5 mu l (i.e., 10 fmole/mu l). The attractive features of the developed IMEA-PDA microchip are that a plurality of samples can be analyzed simultaneously using a chip and that for a given sample the data can be averaged from values obtained from multiple, individually addressed pixels. These in turn bring in speed and statistical confidence in analysis. The IMEA-PDA microchip system has the potential to be used as a versatile and highly compact chemical analysis tool for chemical sensing and metrology applications.

关键词： interdigitated microelectrode array Photodiode array Bipolar semiconductor Electrochemiluminescence

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Determination of pharmaceutical dosage forms via diffusion layer titration at an interdigitated microelectrode array

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TALANTA 2001年第6期55卷 1065-1070页

作者： Tomcík, P Krajcíková, M Bustin, D Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia

This paper presents a method for the analysis of drugs in dosage form. It is based on galvanostatic generation of oxidation agent from a suitable precursor on one segment of interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) and its consecutive amperometric detection on second segment. High collection efficiency of this process in comparison to rotational ring disc electrode (RRDE) is a unique feature of IDA system. The transfer of oxidation agent can be influenced by addition of species, which reacts with oxidant. This influence can be used for its determination. Evaluation of generator-collector current dependence (diffusion layer titration curve) reveals the value of generator current I-genE of the end-point of titration. I-genE is proportional to the bulk phase concentration of determined species. The method was applied to the analysis of pharmaceuticals Antabus (Disulfiram Alpharma NOR, tetraethyithiuram disulfide (TETD)), a popular drug for alcoholism treatment, and Celaskon (vitamin C, Leciva CZE, ascorbic acid (AA)). From model samples analysis rather low detection limits, 9 x 10(-7) mol dm(-3), respectively, 4 x 10(-6) mol dm(-3), were estimated which enables trace content analysis of the drugs. A small size of IDA sensor also makes it suitable for microanalytical improvement. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： disulfiram ascorbic acid interdigitated microelectrode array

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Titration of As(III) with electrogenerated iodine in the diffusion layer of an interdigitated microelectrode array

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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 1997年第1-2期423卷 115-118页

作者： Tomcik, P Jursa, S Mesaros, S Bustin, D SLOVAK UNIV TECHNOL BRATISLAVA DEPT ANALYT CHEM SK-81237 BRATISLAVA SLOVAKIA

The transfer of electrogenerated iodine from generator to collector microelectrodes has been studied with an interdigitated array system. The high value of the collection efficiency (ca. 85%) compared with that of rotating ring-disk electrodes, measured as the slope of the collector versus generator current plot, was observed. The plot was linear with a positive intercept on the generator current axis. An oxidation wave associated with surface redox processes of materials used for interdigitated array (IDA) fabrication was found to cause the intercept. An analytical technique was developed based upon the evaluation of the influence of As(III) on the iodine collector Versus generator current plot. Increasing the As(III) concentration leads to a proportional increase of the intercept on the generator current axis. The collector potential is set at the limiting current value of iodine cathodic reduction and serves as its amperometric detector. The collector current will remain zero until the current flowing through the IDA generator produces an iodine flux larger than the flux of incoming As(III). Titration curves (collector versus generator current plots) measured with a slowly scanning generator current show very good reproducibility. Since no chemical reaction takes place in the bulk of the sample (diffusion layer titration), the experiment can be repeated many times in the same solution. The sensitivity of this method is 1920 mu AM(-1) and the determination limit estimate is 7 X 10(-6)M As(III). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.

关键词： titration diffusion As(III) iodine interdigitated microelectrode array

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Microanalytical determination of formaldehyde by direct titration with hydroxylamine using interdigitated microelectrode array biamperometric end-point indicator

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MICROCHIMICA ACTA 2003年第1-2期141卷 69-72页

作者： Tomcik, P Mrafková, L Bustin, D Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Environm Sci SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia

An interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) biamperometric titration is presented for the microdetermination of formaldehyde. It is based on a direct titration of formaldehyde with hydroxylamine under the formation of formaldoxime. The released hydrogen cations react with hydroxyl anions in 0.1 M NaOH. The interdigitated pair of two individually polarizable microelectrodes serves as a biamperometric end-point indicator. Hydroxylamine together with dissolved free oxygen behave as a quasi reversible mixed redox system, therefore a significant increase of current flowing between the IDA segments polarized by 100 mV is observed when the first excess of titrant appears in the titrated solution. Because of the small dimension of the IDA sensor this principle can be extended for a microanalytical variant of this method. Formaldehyde contents down to 10(-3) M in small volume waste water samples could be determined by this technique. These samples usually contain carboxylic acids which interfere in iodimetric determinations, but do not influence the titration of formaldehyde with hydroxylamine.

关键词： interdigitated microelectrode array microsensor biamperometry waste water

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Voltammetric detection of titanium(IV) on interdigitated microelectrode array utilising its catalytically enhanced current with hydroxylamine

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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2006年第1-2期593卷 167-171页

作者： Tomcik, Peter Jencusova, Pavlina Krajcikova, Monika Bustin, Dusan Manova, Alena Cakrt, Miroslav Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia

A novel electroanalytical method for the determination of titanium(IV) in plastic bags was developed. It is based on its reduction on platinum interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) in the presence of oxalate. The electrode response is substantially higher when excess of hydroxylamine is added to the solution causing catalytic enhancement of titanium cathodic current. The detection limit of this method can be decreased further by using a pair of shortly circuited comb shaped segments of IDA with overlapping diffusion layers of both segments. The array behaves as a macroelectrode with area equal to the sum of areas of both segments and the area of insulating gap between them, however the charging current is lower due to the low area of conducting platinum layers in the interdigitated microelectrode array. The detection limit of 2 x 10(-7) mol dm(-3) was obtained in 0.2 mol dm(-3) oxalic acid with 0.08 mol dm(-3) hydroxylamine as supporting electrolyte. The method was applied to the analysis of plastic bags from sugar, milk and tea containing dyes based on titanium(IV) dioxide. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： titanium interdigitated microelectrode array catalytic current voltammetry

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Titrations with electrogenerated hypobromite in the diffusion layer of interdigitated microelectrode array

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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 1998年第2-3期374卷 283-289页

作者： Tomcík, P Mesáros, S Bustin, D Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Fac Chem Technol Dept Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia

An interdigitated array system composed of generator and collector microelectrodes was used to study the transfer of hypobromite between the two electrodes. Influence of ammonium and iodide on the transfer has been evaluated and applied for their determination The technique has been named diffusion layer titration. It utilizes a chemical reaction proceeding quantitatively only in a close vicinity of the electrode, One set of segments of an interdigitated microelectrode array serves for galvanostatic anodic generation of hypobromite and the second set immersed in the diffusion layer of the generator, detects its unreacted flux. The detector (collector) is kept by a potentiostat at the potential of the limiting diffusion current of hypobromite reduction. The diffusion layer titration curves (collector current versus generator current plots) measured "point by point" or by slowly scanning the generator current, show very good reproducibility. Since no bulk phase chemical reaction actually proceeds, the experiment can be repeated extensively in the same solution. The sensitivity of this method is 2383 mu A M-1 and the detection limit is 2.4 x 10(-6) M for the determination of ammonium. For the determination of iodide the sensitivity was 4810 mu A M-1 and detection limit 5 x 10(-7) M, The method was applied to the trace determination of ammonium in river water as well as to the analysis of iodide content in the edible salt. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved.

关键词： diffusion layer titration hypobromite ammonium iodide interdigitated microelectrode array

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Indirect voltammetric detection of fluoride ions in toothpaste on a comb-shaped interdigitated microelectrode array

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TALANTA 2011年第5期83卷 1472-1475页

作者： Cernanska, Monika Tomcik, Peter Janosikova, Zuzana Rievaj, Miroslav Bustin, Dusan Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Inst Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia Catholic Univ Dept Chem Fac Educ SK-03401 Ruzomberok Slovakia

A novel technique based on dynamic electrochemistry for the detection of fluoride ions was developed. It is based on its strong complexation with ferric ion. Formed fluoroferric complex is cathodically inactive at the potential of the reduction of free ferric aquo ion. The voltammetric and amperometric response of platinum comb-shaped interdigitated microelectrode array is decreased after fluoride addition. This decrease serves for the quantification of fluoride ions added to the solution. The detection limit of 4.5 x 10(-5) mol dm(-3) was achieved when one of the segments of interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) was used as an indicating electrode. The detection limit is about one order of magnitude lower than in the case of conventional platinum macroelectrode. In comparison with ISE electrodes this method is faster and also avoiding large error resulting from the antilogarithmization of ISE Nerstian response. The method was applied to the analysis of toothpaste. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fluoride ions interdigitated microelectrode array Toothpaste Voltammetty Amperometry

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Determination of tetramethylthiuram disulfide on an interdigitated microelectrode array

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ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS 2001年第4期3卷 191-194页

作者： Tomcík, P Krajcíková, M Bustin, D Skacáni, I Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Analyt Chem SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia

A novel analytical technique for the determination of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) was developed. It is based on total oxidation of TMTD with hypobromite. Hypobromite is generated on one segment of interdigitated array. It reacts rapidly and quantitatively with TMTD and unreacted flux of hypobromite is detected on second segment of the interdigitated microelectrode array ODA). Detection is amperometric therefore the potential of the second (detector) segment is fixed at the value corresponding to the limiting current of the opposite reaction to that taking place on the generator segment. Rather low detection limit of this method (7 x 10(-7) mol dm(-3)) allows the analysis of samples with trace content of TMTD. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： tetramethylthiuram disulfide interdigitated microelectrode array electrogenerated agent

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The detection of formaldehyde in textiles using interdigitated microelectrode array diffusion layer titration with electrogenerated hypobromite

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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2005年第5期383卷 864-868页

作者： Tomcík, P Jencusová, P Krajcíková, M Bustin, D Brescher, R Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Analyt Chem Bratislava 81237 Slovakia VIPOTEST Sro Partizanske Analyt Chem Lab Serv Puchov Puchov 02001 Slovakia

An interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) was applied to the determination of formaldehyde released from textiles produced in industry. The proposed method is based on formaldehyde reaction with hypobromite which is formed in weakly basic media by control current electrooxidation of bromide on the generator segment of the IDA array. The unreacted hypobromite diffuses through the gap between individually polarisable IDA segments and it is amperometrically detected on the collector segment of the IDA. The efficiency of this nonconvective transfer process in the absence of formaldehyde was substantially higher (78%) in comparison with that when using the rotating ring disc electrode. The influence of the added formaldehyde on the transfer process can be utilised to develop a simple and sensitive analytical procedure for formaldehyde detection with a detection limit of 4x10(-6) mol dm(3).

关键词： formaldehyde interdigitated microelectrode array hypobromite environmental pollutants

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Core-shell Au@Cu2O-graphene-polydopamine interdigitated microelectrode array sensor for in situ determination of salicylic acid in cucumber leaves

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2021年 341卷 130027-130027页

作者： Liu, Dandan Li, Mingji Li, Hongji Li, Cuiping Wang, Guilian Li, Penghai Yang, Baohe Tianjin Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Optoelect Devices & Commun Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn Tianjin Key Lab Film Elect & Commun DevicesMinis Tianjin 300384 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Technol Sch Chem & Chem Engn Tianjin Key Lab Organ Solar Cells & Photochem Con Tianjin Key Lab Drug Targeting & Bioimaging Tianjin 300384 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Technol Tianjin Key Lab Adv Mechatron Syst Design & Intel Tianjin 300384 Peoples R China

The in situ detection of active small molecules in plants is one of the key technologies for the development of precision agriculture. An interdigitated microelectrode (IDME) array electrochemical sensor is constructed herein, with three groups of IDME arrays as a three-electrode system. The core-shell Au@Cu2O-graphene (Gr)polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles are densely packed on Al microelectrodes using a three-potential step pulse electrodeposition method. Each of the over 2000 individual microelectrodes is approximately 1 mu m wide and 1100 mu m in length. The sensor has a high response to salicylic acid (SA) due to the synergistic electrocatalysis of Au@Cu2O, Gr, and PDA, and the high-density arrangement of the three-electrode unit with microelectrodes. The sensor has a linear concentration range of 0.01-100 mu M for SA and the detection limit is as low as 1.16 nM. The SA concentration in cucumber leaves is monitored from the early growth stage to the fruiting stage using the IDME array sensor, and the juice and living stems of the cucumber are detected. The flat structure of the Au@Cu2O-Gr-PDA IDME array sensor is suitable for attachment onto plant tissues, especially for the in situ detection of SA in leaves.

关键词： Core-shell Au@Cu2O-graphene-polydopamine interdigitated microelectrode array Sensor Salicylic acid Plant

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