A standard technique for correlated fading combines trellis codes designed for independent fading with interleaving that makes correlated fading appear to be independent for symbols within the Viterbi traceback depth....
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A standard technique for correlated fading combines trellis codes designed for independent fading with interleaving that makes correlated fading appear to be independent for symbols within the Viterbi traceback depth. When the fading correlation is persistent and delay constraints preclude deep interleaving, some correlation remains among symbols within the traceback depth. Incorporating this post-interleaver correlation improves the trellis code design. This letter presents such a trellis code design technique for periodic interleavers. Bit error rate simulations demonstrate that the new design technique can provide a dramatic performance improvement when fading or interference is severe and persistent.
The effects of hit-interleaving on the performance of convolutional codes and turbo codes in fast frequencyhop/spread-spectrum multiple-access systems with M-FSK modulation are investigated. It is observed that bit-in...
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The effects of hit-interleaving on the performance of convolutional codes and turbo codes in fast frequencyhop/spread-spectrum multiple-access systems with M-FSK modulation are investigated. It is observed that bit-interleaving induces two counter-acting forces on decoder performance. On the one hand, bit-interleaving disperses consecutive error bits caused by a noisy M-ary signal and makes the errors more correctable. On the other hand, the same measure makes it difficult for the decoder to make use of the bit dependency information. Both theoretical upper bounds and simulation results show that bit-interleaving degrades the performance of soft-decision decoded convolutional codes and turbo codes.
We analyze the spectral efficiency and cutoff rate of random spreading bit-interleaved coded-modulation based synchronous code-division multiple-access signals with minimum mean-square error multiuser receivers. Both ...
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We analyze the spectral efficiency and cutoff rate of random spreading bit-interleaved coded-modulation based synchronous code-division multiple-access signals with minimum mean-square error multiuser receivers. Both additive white Gaussian noise and frequency nonselective Rayleigh fading channels are considered. The spectral efficiency and cutoff rate are characterized as functions of the system load, modulation schemes, and signal-to-noise ratio.
The constrained capacity of a coherent coded modulation (CM) digital communication system with data-aided channel estimation and a discrete, equiprobable symbol alphabet is derived under the assumption that the system...
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The constrained capacity of a coherent coded modulation (CM) digital communication system with data-aided channel estimation and a discrete, equiprobable symbol alphabet is derived under the assumption that the system operates on a flat fading channel and uses an interleaver to combat the bursty nature of the channel. It is shown that linear minimum mean square error channel estimation directly follows from the derivation and links average mutual information to the channel dynamics. Based on the assumption that known training symbols are transmitted, the achievable rate of the system is optimized with respect to the amount of training information needed. Furthermore, the results are compared to the additive white Gaussian noise channel, and the case when ideal channel state information is available at the receiver.
Power-line networks are proposed for broadband data transmission. The presence of multipaths within the broadband power-line communication (BPLC) system, due to stochastic changes in the network load impedances, branc...
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Power-line networks are proposed for broadband data transmission. The presence of multipaths within the broadband power-line communication (BPLC) system, due to stochastic changes in the network load impedances, branches, etc. pose a real challenge as it affects network performance. This paper attempts to investigate the performance of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based BPLC system that uses underground cables. It is found that when a branch is added in the link between the sending and receiving end, there is an average of 4-dB power loss. In addition, when the terminal impedances of the branches that are connected to the link between the transmitting and receiving end vary from line characteristic impedance to low-impedance values, the power loss (signal-to-noise ratio) is about 0.35 dB/Omega. On the contrary, for an increase in the terminal impedances by 100 Omega above line characteristic impedance, the power loss is 0.23 dB/Omega. When the branch terminal impedances are close to short or open circuits, OFDM techniques show degraded performance. This situation is also observed when the number of branches increases. It is shown that to overcome degraded network performance, the concatenated Reed-Solomon codes/interleaved Viterbi methods can be used, which could be used for an efficient design of the BPLC system that uses OFDM techniques.
In CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Broadcast and Multicast Services (BCMCS), Reed-Solomon coding is applied to the layers above the turbo code, and is particularly effective in correcting long bursts of errors. An additional block i...
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In CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Broadcast and Multicast Services (BCMCS), Reed-Solomon coding is applied to the layers above the turbo code, and is particularly effective in correcting long bursts of errors. An additional block interleaving mechanism improves the performance of RS coding by increasing the time diversity, to an extent controlled by the width of the error control block (ECB), which converts error bursts into random patterns. We propose and evaluate a performance model of RS coding under varying conditions of Rayleigh fading on the broadcast channel, within the levels of block interleaving that the BCMCS specification allows. Simulation results show that our model predicts the performance of RS coding accurately. This evaluation will allow a service provider to determine the most efficient RS code for their target service quality, that maximizes the effective data-rate and minimizes the energy required for the RS decoding process.
Due to the receiver complexity introduced by interleaving, the implementation of maximum likelihood (ML) decoding of interleaved coded signals transmitted over frequency nonselective Rayleigh fading channels has been ...
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Due to the receiver complexity introduced by interleaving, the implementation of maximum likelihood (ML) decoding of interleaved coded signals transmitted over frequency nonselective Rayleigh fading channels has been shown to be practically impossible. As an alternative, a two-stage receiver structure has been proposed, where the channel estimation and sequence decoding are done separately. The channel estimation issue in a two-stage receiver is examined in detail in this paper. It is shown that although an optimum [maximum a posteriori (MAP)I channel estimation is not possible in practice, it can be approached asymptotically by joint MAP estimation of the channel and the coded data sequence. The implementation of the joint MAP estimation is shown to be an ML sequence estimator followed by an minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimator. Approximate ML sequence estimation using pilot symbol interpolation is also studied, and through computer simulations, its performance is compared to receivers using ML sequence estimation. The effect of decision delay (DD), prediction order, and pilot insertion rate (PIR) on the reduced complexity ML sequence estimation is investigated as well. Finally, a practical receiver is proposed that makes the best compromise among the error performance, receiver complexity, DD, and power (or bandwidth) expansion due to pilot insertion.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation technique which is very sensitive to impulsive noise (IN). In this paper, we research the behavior of the OFDM based broadcasting system Digital Radio ...
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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation technique which is very sensitive to impulsive noise (IN). In this paper, we research the behavior of the OFDM based broadcasting system Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) against this kind of noise in function of its different transmission modes and interleaving options. This research involves an experiment in which a real DRM signal is modulated, transmitted, received, and demodulated. The results quantitatively show the improvement when deep cell interleaving is used, and also the little influence that transmission mode has on the behavior of DRM against IN. In this paper, it is also explained in a mathematical way why it is advisable to perform deep cell interleaving between several OFDM symbols and not within only one, in order to minimize the effect of IN
In this paper the interleaving distances spectrum (IDS) is defined. The EDSs for random, block and pseudo-random interleavers are established. The theoretical EDSs for the random and square block interleavers are calc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9782960055153
In this paper the interleaving distances spectrum (IDS) is defined. The EDSs for random, block and pseudo-random interleavers are established. The theoretical EDSs for the random and square block interleavers are calculated. On the basis of the EDS, some parameters like the minimum interleaving distance and the spreading degree are defined and calculated. These parameters allow us to make a comparison between different and also same type interleavers.
In this work we present a complete set of techniques devoted to offer robustness against frame losses in distributed speech recognition over packet-switched networks. The proposed scheme is composed of tree techniques...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424407281
In this work we present a complete set of techniques devoted to offer robustness against frame losses in distributed speech recognition over packet-switched networks. The proposed scheme is composed of tree techniques, two of them are applied at the sender and the last one in the recognizer itself. On one hand, a media-specific Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique is used to allow the recovery of information within the bursts. On the other hand, a recognizer-based technique well known by its remarkable ability to reduce the effects of long consecutive frame losses during recognition, the weighted Viterbi algorithm (WVA), is used to handle the additional information introduced by FEC codes. Moreover, a double stream strategy whereby interleaving can be applied along with FEC codes without any delay increase, is also applied. The application of interleaving allows to reduce the perceived burst length at the receiver, further improving the recognition performance. As a result, the proposed scheme can provide an acceptable performance even under extremely adverse channel conditions.
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