I have this colleague, a physicist, who thinks too much. One day, duringlunch at La Fuente restaurant, he asked with a mischievous grin, "May I try out an idea on you?" Iwinced, remembering past "ideas,...
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I have this colleague, a physicist, who thinks too much. One day, duringlunch at La Fuente restaurant, he asked with a mischievous grin, "May I try out an idea on you?" Iwinced, remembering past "ideas," bu said, "Only if you pick up the tab."
As we approach our 22nd volume, the European Journal of Information Systems is a mature and successful scholarly outlet. The identity crises have waned. The scholarly readers seem to be comfortable with the idea of in...
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As we approach our 22nd volume, the European Journal of Information Systems is a mature and successful scholarly outlet. The identity crises have waned. The scholarly readers seem to be comfortable with the idea of information systems (IS) as an academic discipline. Indeed, we are accustomed to the notion that a distinctive European viewpoint on IS is valuable. For the IS field of study, the European viewpoint is regarded by many to entail a dominance of qualitative or interpretive research methodology.
The term technological fix, coined by technologist/administrator Alvin Weinberg in 1965, vaunted engineering innovation as a generic tool for circumventing problems commonly conceived as social, political, or cultural...
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The term technological fix, coined by technologist/administrator Alvin Weinberg in 1965, vaunted engineering innovation as a generic tool for circumventing problems commonly conceived as social, political, or cultural. A longtime Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, government consultant, and essayist, Weinberg also popularized the term big science to describe national goals and the competitive funding environment after the Second World War. Big science reoriented towards technological fixes, he argued, could provide a new "Apollo project" to address social problems of the future. His ideas-most recently echoed in "solutionism"-have channeled confidence and controversy ever since. This article traces the genesis and promotion of the concept by Weinberg and his contemporaries. It argues that, through the concept, the marginal politics and technological confidences of interwar scientists and technocrats were repositioned as mainstream notions closer to the heart of big science policy.
In this paper we consider an evolution of ideas in vacuum photodetector developments. Diverse approaches in developments of vacuum photodetectors (classical photomultipliers and hybrid phototubes) for the last half of...
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In this paper we consider an evolution of ideas in vacuum photodetector developments. Diverse approaches in developments of vacuum photodetectors (classical photomultipliers and hybrid phototubes) for the last half of century are covered. A particular emphasis is made on large area vacuum photodetectors developments. Some other issues concerning WLS and light guide techniques for increasing photodetectors sensitivity are highlighted as well.
The article offers information on elementary particle theory, which is related to nuclear physics, and inflationary universe theory of cosmologist Alan Guth. It mentions several equations for the interpretation of Hub...
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The article offers information on elementary particle theory, which is related to nuclear physics, and inflationary universe theory of cosmologist Alan Guth. It mentions several equations for the interpretation of Hubble constant, an exponential expansion in a universe consisting of vacuum energy. It mentions that when the expansion rate is constant, the Hubble constant is also constant.
Objectives To evaluate the relevance of obesity and abdominal obesity in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension in primary care patients and to ascertain wh...
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Objectives To evaluate the relevance of obesity and abdominal obesity in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension in primary care patients and to ascertain whether waist circumference (WC) measurement should be included in routine clinical practice in addition to body mass index (BMI). Methods As part of the IDEA study, primary care physicians from Spain recruited patients aged 18-80 years. WC and BMI and the presence of CVD, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension were recorded. Finally, 17 980 were analysed. An age-related increase in adiposity was observed. Overall 33% were obese by BMI, and 51% of subjects presented abdominal obesity by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) (WC > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women). Although there was a correlation between BMI and WC, they presented different distribution patterns. Women, but not men, with a high level of education, professional activity and smoking were associated with a lower WC. Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with CVD. Some subjects with abdominal obesity but lean by BMI, showed an increased prevalence of CVD and diabetes. Furthermore, abdominal obesity was strongly associated with dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Conclusions Half of the primary care patients studied showed abdominal obesity as measured by WC, whereas one-third was obese by BMI. Abdominal obesity was strongly associated with CVD and diabetes, even in patients lean by BMI. WC should be included in the routine clinical practice in addition to BMI.
We review the status of and recent developments in dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, concentrating on the ideas of technicolour and top quark condensates. The emphasis is on the essential physical ideas and exp...
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We review the status of and recent developments in dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, concentrating on the ideas of technicolour and top quark condensates. The emphasis is on the essential physical ideas and experimental implications rather than on detailed mathematical formalism. After a general overview of the subject, we give a first introduction to technicolour, and extended technicolour, illustrating the ideas with a simple (unrealistic) model. Then we review the progress that has been made with enhancing the technicolour condensate, using the Schwinger-Dyson gap equation. The discussion includes the so-called walking technicolour and strong extended technicolour approaches. We then turn to the experimental prospects of technicolour models, including longitudinal gauge boson scattering experiments at the LHC, the detection of pseudo-Goldstone bosons and the hints about electroweak symmetry breaking which comes from precision measurements at LEP. We also discuss a low-scale technicolour model, which has experimental signatures at LEP and the Tevatron. Finally we turn to the idea of the top quark condensate. After reviewing the basic ideas of this approach, we turn to some extensions of these ideas involving fourth-family condensates and the role of irrelevant operators.
Higman's embedding theorem states that every recursively presented (r.p.) group can be embedded in a finitely presented (f.p.) group. We use the results of part I together with an idea of Aanderaa [1] to show that...
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Higman's embedding theorem states that every recursively presented (r.p.) group can be embedded in a finitely presented (f.p.) group. We use the results of part I together with an idea of Aanderaa [1] to show that the embedding can be realized preserving the complexity of the word problem of the r.p. group.
The idea to conjugate PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)] to a protein, i.e., to "PEGylate" a protein, was first proposed by Prof. Frank Davis (Rutgers Univ.) in the late 1960s. He wanted to make the new recombinant...
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The idea to conjugate PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)] to a protein, i.e., to "PEGylate" a protein, was first proposed by Prof. Frank Davis (Rutgers Univ.) in the late 1960s. He wanted to make the new recombinant proteins less immunogenic in our bodies, and thereby enhance their circulation and activity lifetimes. He thought that if he could conjugate a hydrophilic polymer to the "new" protein, it might not be recognized by the immune system as a foreign molecule. This article is a contribution to the Zwitterionic Special Issue as a personal commentary tracing the story of PEGylation from its beginning with Dr. Davis through a current day post-script. Statement of significance The author knows (or knew) personally most of the early workers in the fields of PEG, PEGylation and non-fouling surfaces, and he has also been personally active in the field since its early days. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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