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Joint intra and Multiple Description coding for Packet Loss Resilient Video Transmission

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2018年第4期20卷 781-795页

作者： Kazemi, Mohammad Iqbal, Razib Shirmohammadi, Shervin Univ Isfahan Dept Elect Engn Esfahan Iran Mississippi State Univ Dept Comp Sci Springfield MO 65897 USA Univ Ottawa Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

Multiple description coding (MDC) is a technique for video transmission over error prone networks where the descriptions are routed over multiple paths. intra coding such as MDC provides error resiliency but coding in this mode must he decided with care since it degrades the compression ratio. In this paper, we present our investigation results for a new intra coding approach in MDC. We have found that, in MDC streams, the best policy is to encode selective frames as I-frame instead of coding some macroblocks of frames in intra mode. In order to find the most suitable I-frame positions within a given video stream, we developed a cost function based on which intra/inter frame type is decided. The MDC scheme with the proposed intra coding criterion, with and without redundancy optimization, is implemented in the H.264/AVC reference software, JM 16.0. Based on the experimental performance evaluation, we show that our method achieves higher average PSNR compared to the other optimized MDCs found in the literature.

关键词： Multiple description coding intra coding error resilient coding mode decision

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Inter-view prediction of intra mode decision for high-efficiency video coding-based multiview video coding

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2014年第3期23卷

作者： da Silva, Thaisa Leal Agostini, Luciano Volcan da Silva Cruz, Luis A. Univ Coimbra Dept Elect & Comp Engn P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal Univ Coimbra Dept Elect & Comp Engn Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal Univ Fed Pelotas Ctr Technol Dev BR-96010610 Pelotas Brazil

intra prediction is a very important tool in current video coding standards. High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) intra prediction presents relevant gains in encoding efficiency when compared to previous standards, but with a very important increase in the computational complexity since 33 directional angular modes must be evaluated. Motivated by this high complexity, this article presents a complexity reduction algorithm developed to reduce the HEVC intra mode decision complexity targeting multiview videos. The proposed algorithm presents an efficient fast intra prediction compliant with singleview and multiview video encoding. This fast solution defines a reduced subset of intra directions according to the video texture and it exploits the relationship between prediction units (PUs) of neighbor depth levels of the coding tree. This fast intra coding procedure is used to develop an inter-view prediction method, which exploits the relationship between the intra mode directions of adjacent views to further accelerate the intra prediction process in multiview video encoding applications. When compared to HEVC simulcast, our method achieves a complexity reduction of up to 47.77%, at the cost of an average BD-PSNR loss of 0.08 dB. (C) 2014 SPIE and IS&T

关键词： high-efficiency video coding multiview video coding intra coding inter-view prediction complexity reduction

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Structured Set intra Prediction With Discriminative Learning in a Max-Margin Markov Network for High Efficiency Video coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2013年第11期23卷 1941-1956页

作者： Dai, Wenrui Xiong, Hongkai Jiang, Xiaoqian Chen, Chang Wen Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Elect Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Univ Calif San Diego Div Biomed Informat Sch Med San Diego CA 92093 USA SUNY Buffalo Dept Comp Sci & Engn Buffalo NY 14260 USA

This paper proposes a novel model on intra coding for High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC), which simultaneously predicts blocks of pixels with optimal rate distortion. It utilizes the spatial statistical correlation for the optimal prediction based on 2-D contexts, in addition to formulating the data-driven structural interdependences to make the prediction error coherent with the probability distribution, which is desirable for successful transform and coding. The structured set prediction model incorporates a max-margin Markov network (M3N) to regulate and optimize multiple block predictions. The model parameters are learned by discriminating the actual pixel value from other possible estimates to maximize the margin (i.e., decision boundary bandwidth). Compared to existing methods that focus on minimizing prediction error, the M3N-based model adaptively maintains the coherence for a set of predictions. Specifically, the proposed model concurrently optimizes a set of predictions by associating the loss for individual blocks to the joint distribution of succeeding discrete cosine transform coefficients. When the sample size grows, the prediction error is asymptotically upper bounded by the training error under the decomposable loss function. As an internal step, we optimize the underlying Markov network structure to find states that achieve the maximal energy using expectation propagation. For validation, we integrate the proposed model into HEVC for optimal mode selection on rate-distortion optimization. The proposed prediction model obtains up to 2.85% bit rate reduction and achieves better visual quality in comparison to the HEVC intra coding.

关键词： Discriminative learning expectation propagation (EP) intra coding max-margin Markov network structured set prediction

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Fast intra mode decision for depth coding in 3D-HEVC

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MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2017年第4期28卷 1203-1226页

作者： Zhang, Qiuwen Yang, Yongshuang Chang, Huawen Zhang, Weiwei Gan, Yong Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind Coll Comp & Commun Engn 5 Dongfeng Rd Zhengzhou 450002 Henan Peoples R China

The emergent 3D High Efficiency Video coding (3D-HEVC) is an extension of the High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) standard for the compression of the multi-view texture videos plus depth maps format. Since depth maps have different statistical properties compared to texture video, various new intra tools have been added to 3D-HEVC depth coding. In current 3D-HEVC, new intra tools are utilized together with the conventional HEVC intra prediction modes for depth coding. This technique achieves the highest possible coding efficiency, but leads to an extremely high computational complexity which limits 3D-HEVC from practical applications. In this paper, we propose a fast intra mode decision algorithm for depth coding in 3D-HEVC. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to utilize the depth map characteristics to predict the current depth prediction mode and skip some specific depth intra modes rarely used in 3D-HEVC depth coding. Based on this analysis, two fast intra mode decision strategies are proposed including reduction of the number of conventional intra prediction modes, and simplification of depth modeling modes (DMMs). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can save 30 % coding runtime on average while maintaining almost the same rate-distortion (RD) performance as the original 3D-HEVC encoder.

关键词： 3D-HEVC Depth map Mode decision intra coding

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Low-Complexity CTU Partition Structure Decision and Fast intra Mode Decision for Versatile Video coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2020年第6期30卷 1668-1682页

作者： Yang, Hao Shen, Liquan Dong, Xinchao Ding, Qing An, Ping Jiang, Gangyi Shanghai Univ Sch Commun & Informat Engn Key Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Opt Access Networks Shanghai 200072 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Shanghai Inst Adv Commun & Data Sci Shanghai 200072 Peoples R China Ningbo Univ Fac Informat Sci & Engn Ningbo 315000 Peoples R China

Quadtree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT) partition structure is an efficient improvement in versatile video coding (VVC) over the quadtree (QT) structure in the advanced high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. With the exception of the recursive QT partition structure, recursive multi-type tree partition is applied to each leaf node, which generates more flexible block sizes. Besides, intra prediction modes are extended from 35 to 67 so as to satisfy various texture patterns. These newly developed techniques achieve high coding efficiency but also result in very high computational complexity. To tackle this problem, we propose a fast intra-coding algorithm consisting of low-complexity coding tree units (CTU) structure decision and fast intra mode decision in this paper. The contributions of the proposed algorithm lie in the following aspects: 1) the new block size and coding mode distribution features are first explored for a reasonable fast coding scheme;2) a novel fast QTMT partition decision framework is developed, which can determine the partition decision on both QT and multi-type tree with a novel cascade decision structure;and 3) fast intra mode decision with gradient descent search is introduced, while the best initial search point and search step are also investigated in this paper. The simulation results show that the complexity reduction of the proposed algorithm is up to 70% compared to VVC reference software (VTM), and averagely 63% encoding time saving is achieved with 1.93% BDBR increasing. Such results demonstrate that our method yields a superior performance in terms of computational complexity and compression quality compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Encoding Complexity theory Video coding Partitioning algorithms Prediction algorithms Transforms Standards Versatile video coding intra coding fast coding algorithm joint video exploration team quadtree with multi-type tree

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LINE-BY-LINE intra 16x16 PREDICTION FOR HIGH-QUALITY VIDEO coding

LINE-BY-LINE INTRA 16x16 PREDICTION FOR HIGH-QUALITY VIDEO C...

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International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

作者： Choi, Jung-Ah Ho, Yo-Sung Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol GIST Kwangju South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424474936

In this paper, we proposed an intra 16x16 line-by-line (LbL) prediction. First, we find suitable quantization parameters (QP) for the high resolution videos without the significant subjective quality degradation. Then, we show that closer reference pixels give better prediction through the experiment. Using this observation, we propose an improved intra prediction method. In the proposed method, the line-based prediction is performed instead of the block-based prediction used in the current H.264/AVC. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces approximately 6.07% bit-rate compared to the H.264/AVC.

关键词： HVC H.264/AVC intra coding

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AN ADAPTIVE DIVIDE-AND-PREDICT coding FOR intra-FRAME OF H.264/AVC

AN ADAPTIVE DIVIDE-AND-PREDICT CODING FOR INTRA-FRAME OF H.2...

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16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Piao, Yinji Park, HyunWook Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424456536

A new intra-frame coding scheme is proposed for progressive video sequences in H.264/AVC. In the proposed method, every other pixel is sampled either in a horizontal or vertical direction without any anti-aliasing filtering, and two sub-frames of the even-pixel and odd-pixel are then generated. The even-pixel and odd-pixel sub-frames are coded by the intra- and inter-frame coding methods, respectively. Our proposed method can be expanded into a multi-level case in which the even-pixel sub-frame is again subdivided into an even-pixel sub-frame and an odd-pixel sub-frame, and so on to further improve the coding efficiency. The experimental results show that our proposed method reduces the bitrate by approximately 8.25% more than the conventional intra-frame coding in H.264/AVC.

关键词： Divide-and-predict intra coding intra frame prediction motion estimation H.264 video coding

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A FAST intra DEPTH MAP ALGORITHM BASED ON SUM-OF-GRADIENT AND SEGMENT-WISE DIRECT COMPONENT coding 25

A FAST INTRA DEPTH MAP ALGORITHM BASED ON SUM-OF-GRADIENT AN...

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International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)

作者： Nian, Chunmei Chen, Jing Zeng, Huanqiang Cai, Canhui Huaqiao Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Xiamen 361021 Peoples R China Xiamen Key Lab Mobile Multimedia Commun Xiamen 361021 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538621592

As the coding standard for multi-view video plus depth format, 3D-High Efficiency Video coding (3D-HEVC) can achieve superior coding efficiency while with high complexity. Because of the large areas with nearly constant values and sharp edges, the coding process for depth map can be optimized. A fast Mira depth map algorithm based on sum-oP gradient and segment-wise direct component coding (FID-SOG-SDC) for 3D-HEVC is proposed in this paper. The sum of gradient information of each coding unit (CU) can be utilized to predict the intra prediction mode, decide CTU partition size and skip the SDC decision when CU belongs to a smooth region. Experimental results show that the proposed FID-SOG-SDC algorithm can achieve encoding tine reduction by 23.07% with an impact of 0.06% in the rate-distortion(RD) performance compared to the original 3D-HEVC.

关键词： 3D-HEVC depth map intra coding DMMs

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Fast intra Mode Decision for 3D-HEVC Depth Map coding using Decision Trees 27

Fast Intra Mode Decision for 3D-HEVC Depth Map Coding using ...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (IEEE ICECS)

作者： Moura, Christopher Saldanha, Mario Sanchez, Gustavo Marcon, Cesar Porto, Marcelo Agostini, Luciano Univ Fed Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil IF Farroupilha Pelotas RS Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781728160443

This paper presents a fast intra mode decision for depth map coding on 3D-High Efficiency Video coding (3D-HEVC) based on decision trees. The proposed solution uses data mining and machine learning to correlate the encoder context attributes and build a set of decision trees. Each decision tree defines if a depth map block must be or not be evaluated by the Depth Modeling Modes (DMMs), considering the encoding context. The decision trees were trained using data extracted from the 3D-HEVC Test Model (3D-HTM) under all-intra encoder configuration. The proposed solution was evaluated according to the Common Test Conditions (CTC), reducing 50.2% the execution time of the depth map coding, and impacting only 0.07% in the Bjontegaard Delta BitRate (BDBR) of the synthesized views.

关键词： 3D-HEVC depth maps intra coding decision trees encoding time reduction

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EFFICIENT coding UNIT SIZE SELECTION BASED ON TEXTURE ANALYSIS FOR HEVC intra PREDICTION

EFFICIENT CODING UNIT SIZE SELECTION BASED ON TEXTURE ANALYS...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW)

作者： Mallikarachchi, Thanuja Fernando, Anil Arachchi, Hemantha Kodikara Univ Surrey Ctr Vis Speech & Signal Proc Guildford GU2 5XH Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)9781479947614

Determining the best partitioning structure for a given coding Tree Unit (CTU) is one of the most time consuming operations within the HEVC encoder. The brute force search through quadtree hierarchy has a significant impact on the encoding time of high definition (HD) videos. This paper presents a fast coding unit size decision-taking algorithm for intra prediction in HEVC. The proposed algorithm utilizes a low complex texture analysis technique based on the local range property of a pixel in a given neighborhood. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an average of 72.24% encoding time efficiency improvement with similar rate distortion performance compared to HEVC reference software HM12.0 for HD videos.

关键词： Video coding HEVC intra coding CU Size Optimization

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