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Optimizing type-specific instrumentation on the JVM with reflective supertype information

JOURNAL OF VISUAL LANGUAGES AND COMPUTING 2018年 49卷 29-45页

作者： Rosa, Andrea Binder, Walter Univ Svizzera Italiana Fac Informat Via Giuseppe Buffi 13 Lugano Switzerland

Reflective supertype information (RSI) is useful for many instrumentation-based type-specific analyses on the java virtual machine (JVM). On the one hand, while such information can be obtained when performing the instrumentation within the same JVM process executing the instrumented program, in-process instrumentation severely limits the bytecode coverage of the analysis. On the other hand, performing the instrumentation in a separate process can achieve full bytecode coverage, but complete RSI is generally not available, often requiring the insertion of expensive runtime type checks in the instrumented program. In this article, we present a novel technique to accurately reify complete RSI in a separate instrumentation process. This is challenging, because the observed application may make use of custom classloaders and the loaded classes in one application execution are generally only known upon termination of the application. We implement our technique in an extension of the dynamic analysis framework DiSL. The resulting framework guarantees full bytecode coverage, while providing RSI. Evaluation results on a task profiler demonstrate that our technique can achieve speedups up to a factor of 6.24 x wrt. resorting to runtime type checks in the instrumentation code for an analysis with full bytecode coverage.

关键词： Dynamic analysis Reflective information Bytecode instrumentation java virtual machine

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Cinfony - combining Open Source cheminformatics toolkits behind a common interface

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CHEMISTRY CENTRAL JOURNAL 2008年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： O'Boyle, Noel M. Hutchison, Geoffrey R. Cambridge Crystallog Data Ctr Cambridge CB2 1EZ England Univ Pittsburgh Dept Chem Chevron Sci Ctr Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

Background: Open Source cheminformatics toolkits such as OpenBabel, the CDK and the RDKit share the same core functionality but support different sets of file formats and forcefields, and calculate different fingerprints and descriptors. Despite their complementary features, using these toolkits in the same program is difficult as they are implemented in different languages (C++ versus java), have different underlying chemical models and have different application programming interfaces (APIs). Results: We describe Cinfony, a Python module that presents a common interface to all three of these toolkits, allowing the user to easily combine methods and results from any of the toolkits. In general, the run time of the Cinfony modules is almost as fast as accessing the underlying toolkits directly from C++ or java, but Cinfony makes it much easier to carry out common tasks in cheminformatics such as reading file formats and calculating descriptors. Conclusion: By providing a simplified interface and improving interoperability, Cinfony makes it easy to combine complementary features of OpenBabel, the CDK and the RDKit.

关键词： Python Script java virtual machine Smile String Molecule Class java Native Interface

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Static Analysis of java Bytecode

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2001年第Z1期6卷 383-390页

作者： Jian\|jun Zhao Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811 0295,Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan

Understanding control flows in a computer program is essential for many software engineering tasks such as testing, debugging, reverse engineering, and maintenance. In this paper ,we present a control flow analysis technique to analyze the control flow in java bytecode. To perform the analysis, we construct a control flow graph(CFG) for java bytecode not only at the intraprocedural level but also at the interprocedural level. We also discuss some applications of a CFG in a maintenance environment for java bytecode.

关键词： Control flow analysis java virtual machine software testing software maintenance.

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Comprehensive aspect weaving for java

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2011年第11期76卷 1015-1036页

作者： Villazon, Alex Binder, Walter Moret, Philippe Ansaloni, Danilo Univ Lugano Fac Informat CH-6900 Lugano Switzerland

Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) has been successfully applied to application code thanks to techniques such as java bytecode instrumentation. Unfortunately, with existing AOP frameworks for java such as AspectJ, aspects cannot be woven into the standard java class library. This restriction is particularly unfortunate for aspects that would benefit from comprehensive aspect weaving with complete method coverage, such as profiling or debugging aspects. In this article we present MAJOR, a new tool for comprehensive aspect weaving, which ensures that aspects are woven into all classes loaded in a java virtual machine, including those in the standard java class library. MAJOR includes the pluggable module CARAJillo, which supports efficient access to a complete and customizable calling context representation. We validate our approach with three case studies. Firstly, we weave existing profiling aspects with MAJOR which otherwise would generate incomplete profiles. Secondly, we introduce an aspect for memory leak detection that also benefits from comprehensive weaving. Thirdly, we present an aspect subsuming the functionality of ReCrash, an existing tool based on low-level bytecode instrumentation techniques that generates unit tests to reproduce program failures. Our aspect-based tools are concisely implemented in a few lines of code, and leverage MAJOR and CARAJillo for comprehensive aspect weaving and for efficient access to calling context information. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aspect-oriented programming Aspect weaving Bytecode instrumentation Profiling Debugging Detecting memory leaks Recreating crashing conditions java virtual machine

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Accurate Reification of Complete Supertype Information for Dynamic Analysis on the JVM 2017

Accurate Reification of Complete Supertype Information for D...

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16th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Generative Programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH Conference

作者： Rosa, Andrea Rosales, Eduardo Binder, Walter Univ Svizzera Italiana Fac Informat Lugano Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450355247

Reflective supertype information (RSI) is useful for many instrumentation-based dynamic analyses on the java virtual machine (JVM). On the one hand, while such information can be obtained when performing the instrumentation within the same JVM process executing the instrumented program, in-process instrumentation severely limits the code coverage of the analysis. On the other hand, performing the instrumentation in a separate process can achieve full code coverage, but complete RSI is generally not available, often requiring expensive runtime checks in the instrumented program. Providing accurate and complete RSI in the instrumentation process is challenging because of dynamic class loading and classloader namespaces. In this paper, we present a novel technique to accurately reify complete RSI in a separate instrumentation process. We implement our technique in the dynamic analysis framework DiSL and evaluate it on a task profiler, achieving speedups of up to 45% for an analysis with full code coverage.

关键词： Dynamic analysis reflective information byte-code instrumentation java virtual machine

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JUSTGen: Effective Test Generation for Unspecified JNI Behaviors on JVMs 21

JUSTGen: Effective Test Generation for Unspecified JNI Behav...

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43rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering - Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP) / 43rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - New Ideas and Emerging Results (ICSE-NIER)

作者： Hwang, Sungjae Lee, Sungho Kim, Jihoon Ryu, Sukyoung Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Sch Comp Daejeon South Korea Chungnam Natl Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780738113197

java Native Interface (JNI) provides a way for java applications to access native libraries, but it is difficult to develop correct JNI programs. By leveraging native code, the JNI enables java developers to implement efficient applications and to reuse code written in other programming languages such as C and C++. Besides, the core java libraries already use the JNI to provide system features like a graphical user interface. As a result, many mainstream java virtual machines (JVMs) support the JNI. However, due to the complex interoperation semantics between different programming languages, implementing correct JNI programs is not trivial. Moreover, because of the performance overhead, JVMs do not validate erroneous JNI interoperations by default, but they validate them only when the debug feature, the -Xcheck:jni option, is enabled. Therefore, the correctness of JNI programs highly relies on the checks by the -Xcheck:jni option of JVMs. Questions remain, however, on the quality of the checks provided by the feature. Are there any properties that the -Xcheck:jni option fails to validate? If so, what potential issues can arise due to the lack of such validation? To the best of our knowledge, no research has explored these questions in-depth. In this paper, we empirically study the validation quality and impacts of the -Xcheck:jni option on mainstream JVMs using unspecified corner cases in the JNI specification. Such unspecified cases may lead to unexpected run-time behaviors because their semantics is not defined in the specification. For a systematic study, we propose JUSTGEN, a semi-automated approach to identify unspecified cases from a specification and generate test programs. JUSTGEN receives the JNI specification written in our domain specific language (DSL), and automatically discovers unspecified cases using an SMT solver. It then generates test programs that trigger the behaviors of unspecified cases. Using the generated tests, we empirically study the vali

关键词： java Native Interface java virtual machine Testing Empirical Study Debugging

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Towards a Serverless java Runtime 36

Towards a Serverless Java Runtime

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36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)

作者： Zhang, Yifei Gu, Tianxiao Zheng, Xiaolin Yu, Lei Kuai, Wei Li, Sanhong Alibaba Grp Hangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665403375

java virtual machine (JVM) has the well-known slow startup and warmup issues. This is because the JVM needs to dynamically create many runtime data before reaching peak performance, including class metadata, method profile data, and just-in-time (JIT) compiled native code, for each run of even the same application. Many techniques are then proposed to reuse and share these runtime data across different runs. For example, Class Data Sharing (CDS) and Ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation aim to save and share class metadata and compiled native code, respectively. Unfortunately, these techniques are developed independently and cannot leverage the ability of each other well. This paper presents an approach that systematically reuses JVM runtime data to accelerate application startup and warmup. We first propose and implement JWarmup, a technique that can record and reuse JIT compilation data (e.g., compiled methods and their profile data). Then, we feed JIT compilation data to the AOT compiler to perform profile-guided optimization (PGO). We also integrate existing CDS and AOT techniques to further optimize application startup. Evaluation on real-world applications shows that our approach can bring a 41.35% improvement to the application startup. Moreover, our approach can trigger JIT compilation in advance and reduce CPU load at peak time.

关键词： java java virtual machine just-in-time compilation ahead-of-time compilation application warmup

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Turbo DiSL: Partial Evaluation for High-Level Bytecode Instrumentation

Turbo DiSL: Partial Evaluation for High-Level Bytecode Instr...

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50th International Conference on Objects, Models, Components, Patterns (TOOLS)

作者： Zheng, Yudi Ansaloni, Danilo Marek, Lukas Sewe, Andreas Binder, Walter Villazon, Alex Tuma, Petr Qi, Zhengwei Mezini, Mira Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Scalable Comp Lab Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642305610

Bytecode instrumentation is a key technique for the implementation of dynamic program analysis tools such as profilers and debuggers. Traditionally, bytecode instrumentation has been supported by low-level bytecode engineering libraries that are difficult to use. Recently, the domain-specific aspect language DiSL has been proposed to provide high-level abstractions for the rapid development of efficient bytecode instrumentations. While DiSL supports user-defined expressions that are evaluated at weave-time, the DiSL programming model requires these expressions to be implemented in separate classes, thus increasing code size and impairing code readability and maintenance. In addition, the DiSL weaver may produce a significant amount of dead code, which may impair some optimizations performed by the runtime. In this paper we introduce Turbo, a novel partial evaluator for DiSL, which processes the generated instrumentation code, performs constant propagation, conditional reduction, and pattern-based code simplification, and executes pure methods at weave-time. With Turbo, it is often unnecessary to wrap expressions for evaluation at weave-time in separate classes, thus simplifying the programming model. We present Turbo's partial evaluation algorithm and illustrate its benefits with several case studies. We evaluate the impact of Turbo on weave-time performance and on runtime performance of the instrumented application.

关键词： Bytecode instrumentation aspect-oriented programming domain-specific languages partial evaluation java virtual machine

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java client ahead-of-time compiler for embedded systems 07

Java client ahead-of-time compiler for embedded systems

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Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems

作者： Hong, Sunghyun Kim, Jin-Chul Shin, Jin Woo Moon, Soo-Mook Oh, Hyeong-Seok Lee, Jaemok Choi, Hyung-Kyu Seoul Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Seoul 151742 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781595936325

The performance of embedded java virtual machine can be improved by ahead-of-time compiler ( AOTC), which translates bytecode into machine code in the server and installs the machine code on the client device. Although AOTC is more advantageous than just-in-time compiler (JITC) due to its absence of the translation overhead, AOTC cannot be applicable to dynamically downloaded classes at runtime. This paper proposes client-AOTC (c-AOTC) which performs AOTC on the client device using the JITC module installed on the device, complementing the server-AOTC. The machine code of a method translated by JITC is cached on a persistent memory of the device, and when the method is invoked again in a later run of the program, the machine code is loaded and executed directly without the translation and interpretation overhead. One of major issues in c-AOTC is relocation because some of the addresses used by the cached machine code are not correct when the machine code is loaded and used in a different run;those addresses should be corrected before they are used. Constant pool resolution and inlining complicate the relocation problem and we propose our solutions. We developed a c-AOTC on Sun's CDC VM reference implementation ( RI) and our evaluation results indicate that cAOTC can improve the performance significantly, as much as an average of 12%. We also experiment with the issue of reducing the number of c-AOTC methods to be cached when the persistent space is tight, with a graceful degradation of performance.

关键词： java ahead-of-time compiler just-in-time compiler relocation early binding java virtual machine J2ME CDC performance experimentation languages

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A performance comparison between stop-the-world and multithreaded concurrent generational garbage collection for java

A performance comparison between stop-the-world and multithr...

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IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference

作者： Lo, CTD Srisa-An, W Chang, JM IIT Dept Comp Sci Chicago IL 60616 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373715

Recent popularity of java programming language has brought the automatic dynamic memory management (a.k.a., the garbage collection) into the mainstream, Traditional garbage collectors suffer from long garbage collection pauses (stop-the-world mark-sweep algorithm) or inability of collecting cyclic garbage (reference counting approach). Generational garbage collection, however, is based only on the weak generational hypothesis that most objects die young. In this paper, the performance evaluation of a new multithreaded concurrent generational garbage collector (MCGC) based on mark-sweep with the assistance of reference counting is reported. The MCGC can take advantage of multiple CPUs in an SMP system and the merits of light weight processes. Furthermore, the long garbage collection pause can be reduced and the garbage collection efficiency can be enhanced. Measurement results indicate that the MCGC improves the garbage collection pause time up to 96.75% over the traditional stop-the-world mark-sweep garbage collector. Moreover, the MCGC receives minimal time and space penalties as shown in the report of the total execution time, the memory footprint and the sticky reference count rate.

关键词： dynamic memory management object-oriented programming multithreaded programming java virtual machine concurrent garbage collection system modified buddy system parallel garbage collector

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