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13th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED International Conference on Languages, Compilers, Tools and Theory for Embedded Systems

作者： Aslam, Faisal Baig, Ghufran Qureshi, Mubashir Adnan Uzmi, Zartash Afzal Fennell, Luminous Thiemann, Peter Schindelhauer, Christian Haussmann, Elmar Punjab Univ Coll Informat Technol Lahore Pakistan Lahore Univ Management Sci DHA Lahore 54792 Pakistan Univ Freiburg D-79110 Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312127

The ability of tiny embedded devices to run large feature-rich programs is typically constrained by the amount of memory installed on such devices. Furthermore, the useful operation of these devices in wireless sensor applications is limited by their battery life. This paper presents a call stack redesign targeted at an efficient use of RAM storage and CPU cycles by a java program running on a wireless sensor mote. Without compromising the application programs, our call stack redesign saves 30% of RAM, on average, evaluated over a large number of benchmarks. On the same set of benchmarks, our design also avoids frequent RAM allocations and deallocations, resulting in average 80% fewer memory operations and 23% faster program execution. These may be critical improvements for tiny embedded devices that are equipped with small amount of RAM and limited battery life. However, our call stack redesign is equally effective for any complex multi-threaded object oriented program developed for desktop computers. We describe the redesign, measure its performance and report the resulting savings in RAM and execution time for a wide variety of programs.

关键词： Algorithms Design Experimentation Performance Wireless Sensor Networks Call Stack Memory Management JVM java virtual machine TakaTuka

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Laminar: Practical Fine-Grained Decentralized Information Flow Control 09

Laminar: Practical Fine-Grained Decentralized Information Fl...

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ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation

作者： Roy, Indrajit Porter, Donald E. Bond, Michael D. McKinley, Kathryn S. Witchel, Emmett Univ Texas Austin Dept Comp Sci Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583921

Decentralized information flow control (DIFC) is a promising model for writing programs with powerful, end-to-end security guarantees. Current DIFC systems that run on commodity hardware can be broadly categorized into two types: language-level and operating system-level DIFC. Language level solutions provide no guarantees against security violations on system resources, like files and sockets. Operating system solutions can mediate accesses to system resources, but are inefficient at monitoring the flow of information through fine-grained program data structures. This paper describes Laminar, the first system to implement decentralized information flow control using a single set of abstractions for OS resources and heap-allocated objects. Programmers express security policies by labeling data with secrecy and integrity labels, and then access the labeled data in lexically scoped security regions. Laminar enforces the security policies specified by the labels at runtime. Laminar is implemented using a modified java virtual machine and a new Linux security module. This paper shows that security regions ease incremental deployment and limit dynamic security checks, allowing us to retrofit DIFC policies on four application case studies. Replacing the applications' ad-hoe security policies changes less than 10% of the code, and incurs performance overheads from 1% to 56%. Whereas prior DIFC systems only support limited types of multithreaded programs, Laminar supports a more general class of multithreaded DIFC programs that can access heterogeneously labeled data.

关键词： Information flow control java virtual machine operating systems security region

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High-level Programming of Embedded Hard Real-Time Devices 10

High-level Programming of Embedded Hard Real-Time Devices

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5th ACM European Conference on Computer Systems (EuroSys 2010)

作者： Pizlo, Filip Ziarek, Lukasz Blanton, Ethan Maj, Petr Vitek, Jan Fiji Systems Inc. Indianapolis IN USA Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585772

While managed languages such as C# and java have become quite popular in enterprise computing, they are still considered unsuitable for hard real-time systems. In particular, the presence of garbage collection has been a sore point for their acceptance for low-level system programming tasks. Real-time extensions to these languages have the dubious distinction of, at the same time, eschewing the benefits of high-level programming and failing to offer competitive performance. The goal of our research is to explore the limitations of high-level managed languages for real-time systems programming. To this end we target a real-world embedded platform, the LEON3 architecture running the RTEMS real-time operating system, and demonstrate the feasibility of writing garbage collected code in critical parts of embedded systems. We show that java with a concurrent, real-time garbage collector, can have throughput close to that of C programs and comes within 10% in the worst observed case on realistic benchmark. We provide a detailed breakdown of the costs of java features and their execution times and compare to real-time and throughput-optimized commercial java virtual machines.

关键词： Real-time systems java virtual machine Memory management

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Eolang: Toward a New java-Based Object-Oriented Programming Language 13th

Eolang: Toward a New Java-Based Object-Oriented Programming ...

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13th International KES Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies (KES-IDT)

作者： Saleh, Hadi Zykov, Sergey Legalov, Alexander Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811627651;9789811627644

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is one of the most common programming paradigms used for building software systems. However, despite its industrial and academic value, OOP is criticized for its high complexity, low maintainability and lack of rigorous principles. Eolang (a.k.a. EO) was created to solve the above problems by restricting its features and suggesting a formal object calculus for this programming language. This paper seeks to analyze the Eolang language and compare it to other OOP languages in order to develop the core features of this new language.

关键词： Eolang Elegant objects Object-oriented programming Functional programming java virtual machine

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Analyzing Large-Scale Object-Oriented Software to Find andRemove Runtime Bloat

Analyzing Large-Scale Object-Oriented Software to Find andRe...

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作者： Xu, Guoqing The Ohio State University

学位级别：doctor

Over the past decade, the pervasive use ofobject-oriented languages and the increasing complexity of problemssolved by computer software have led to the proliferation oflarge-scale framework-intensive applications. These applicationsare typically built by combining standard packages (e.g., J2EEapplication server frameworks), third-party layers fordomain-specific functionality, and in-house solutions. Whileemploying libraries and frameworks eases the development effort, itcan be expensive to invoke the general APIs provided by theselibraries, especially when they are used for simple tasks. As aresult, many applications suffer from excessive memory footprintcaused by chronic runtime bloat that significantly impactsscalability and performance. In addition, programmers are taught topay more attention to abstractions and models, and to leave theperformance optimization to the runtime system. While a fewredundant objects, calls, and field copies may seem insignificant,the problem quickly gets exacerbated due to nesting and *** some point, these inefficiencies accumulate, and compilers(e.g., the JIT in a JVM) can no longer eliminate them, since layersof abstractions grow to be deep, dynamic, and well beyond thecapabilities of compiler *** this dissertation, the termbloat is used to refer to the general phenomenon of using excessivework and memory to achieve seemingly simple tasks. Bloat existscommonly in large-scale object-oriented programs and it is a majorchallenge that stands in the way of bridging theproductivity-performance gap between managed and unmanagedlanguages. The overarching goal of our work is to find largebloat-related optimization opportunities, with a small amount ofdeveloper time. As a fundamental methodology to achieve this goal,we advocate tool-assisted manual optimization, in order to combinedeveloper insight with the automated tool *** particular, wehave designed, implemented, and evaluated code checking techniquesaccomplished b

关键词： Computer Science Runtime bloat dynamic analysis static analysis java virtual machine compiler optimization

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A multithreaded concurrent garbage collector parallelizing the new instruction in java 16

A multithreaded concurrent garbage collector parallelizing t...

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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Lo, C.-T.D. Srisa-An, W. Chang, J.M. Department of Computer Science Illinois Institute of Technology ChicagoIL60616-3793 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

Parallel, multithreaded java applications such as Web servers, database servers, and scientific applications are becoming increasingly prevalent. Most of them have high object instantiation rates through the new bytecode that is implemented in a garbage collection subsystem typically. For aforementioned applications, traditional garbage collectors are often the bottleneck that limits program performance and processor utilization on multiprocessor systems. They suffer from long garbage collection pauses (stop-the-world mark-sweep algorithm) or inability of collecting cyclic garbage (reference counting approach). Generational garbage collection, however, is based only on the weak generational hypothesis that most objects die young. In this paper, a new multithreaded concurrent generational garbage collector (MCGC) based on mark-sweep with the assistance of reference counting is proposed. The MCGC can take advantage of multiple CPUs in an SMP system and the merits or light weight processes. Furthermore, the long garbage collection pause can be reduced and the garbage collection efficiency can be enhanced. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： concurrent garbage collection dynamic memory management java virtual machine multithreaded programming object-oriented programming parallel garbage collector

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Zpětný překladač bajtkódu jazyka java

Zpětný překladač bajtkódu jazyka Java

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作者： Hřibal, Jaromír Brno University of Technology

První část této bakalářské práce se zabývá základními principy virtuálního stroje jazyka java a detailněji se věnuje jeho instrukční sadě a formá... 详细信息

První část této bakalářské práce se zabývá základními principy virtuálního stroje jazyka java a detailněji se věnuje jeho instrukční sadě a formátu . class souborů, dohromady známých jako bajtkód . Následující část prezentuje rešerši existujících nástrojů pro manipulaci s bajtkódem . Poslední část popisuje vytvoření pluginu do vývojového prostředí Eclipse , který realizuje uživatelsky přívětivé zobrazení zadaného bajtkódu spolu s původním zdrojovým kódem, ze kterého byl bajtkód generován. Nástroj předpokládá dostupnost těchto zdrojových kódů, takže neplní roli dekompilátoru.

关键词： java Zpětný překlad java bajtkód java virtuální stroj java Disassembler java bytecode java virtual machine Text

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Just-in-time kompilace závisle typovaného lambda kalkulu

Just-in-time kompilace závisle typovaného lambda kalkulu

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作者： Zárybnický, Jakub Brno University of Technology

Řada programovacích jazyků byla schopna zvýšit svoji rychlost výměnou běhových systémů stavěných na míru za obecné platformy, které pro optimalizaci používají ... 详细信息

Řada programovacích jazyků byla schopna zvýšit svoji rychlost výměnou běhových systémů stavěných na míru za obecné platformy, které pro optimalizaci používají just-in-time překlad, jako jsou GraalVM nebo RPython. V této práci vyhodnocuji, zda je použití takovýchto platforem vhodné i pro jazyky se závislymi typy nebo důkazovými systémy. Tato práce představuje koncepty -kalkulu a teorie typů potřebné pro úvod do závislých typů s relevantními algoritmy, specifikuje malý závisle typovaný jazyk založený na $lambdaPi$ kalkulu, a prezentuje dva interpretery tohoto jazyka. Tyto interpretery jsou psané v jazyce Kotlin, první je jednoduchý, psaný ve funkcionálním stylu a druhý používá platformu GraalVM a Truffle. GraalVM je platforma založená na virtuálním stroji Javy (JVM), která přidává just-in-time překladač založený na částečném vyhodnocení (partial evaluation) a Truffle je knihovna pro tvorbu programovacích jazyků využívající tento překladač. Závěr práce vyhodnocuje běhové charakteristiky těchto interpreterů na různých zátěžových testech.Závěry práce jsou ale silně negativní. Vliv JIT překladu není znatelný ani přes snahu optimalizovat běžné algoritmy z teorie typů, které jsou zjevně nevhodné pro platformu JVM. Práce končí návrhy několika navazujících projektů, které by lépe využily možnosti Truffle a které by byly vhodnější pro implementaci závisle typovaných jazyků.

关键词： Truffle Virtuální stroj JVM just-in-time překlad tvorba překladačů závislé typy Truffle java virtual machine just-in-time compilation compiler construction dependent types Text

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EJVM: an economic java run-time environment for embedded devices

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2001年第2期31卷 129-146页

作者： Chang, DW Chang, RC Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci Hsinchu 30050 Taiwan

As network-enabled embedded devices and java grow in their popularity, embedded system researchers start seeking ways to make these devices java-enabled. However, it is a challenge to apply java technology to these devices due to their shortage of resources. In this paper, we propose EJVM (Economic java virtual machine), an economic way to run java programs on network-enabled and resource-limited embedded devices. Espousing the architecture proposed by distributed JVM, we store all java codes on the server to reduce the storage needs of the client devices. In addition, we use two novel techniques to reduce the client-side memory footprints: server-side class representation conversion and on-demand bytecode loading. Finally, we maintain client-side caches and provide performance evaluation on different caching policies. We implement EJVM by modifying a freely available JVM implementation, Kaffe. From the experiment results, we show that EJVM can reduce java heap requirements by about 20-50 % and achieve 90 % of the original performance. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： java virtual machine embedded system memory footprint

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Efficient java exception handling in just-in-time compilation

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2004年第15期34卷 1463-1480页

作者： Lee, SI Yang, BS Moon, SM Seoul Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn Seoul 151742 South Korea

java uses exceptions to provide elegant error handling capabilities during program execution. However, the presence of exception handlers complicates the job of the just-in-time (JIT) compiler, while exceptions are rarely used in most programs. This paper describes two techniques for reducing such complications. First, we delay the translation of an exception handier until the exception really occurs. This on-demand translation of exception handlers allows more optimizations when translating the main flow, without being hindered by constraints caused by the exception flows. Secondly, for those exceptions that are actually thrown during program execution we insert exception-type check code and a direct branch to the translated exception handlers. This exception handler prediction is motivated by an observation that frequently thrown exceptions are likely to be handled by the same exception handlers, so this will eliminate the exception processing overhead of the java virtual machine. Our experiments indicate that the code quality of the main flow is no longer affected by the presence of exception handlers. Also, frequently thrown exceptions can be efficiently handled by the exception handier prediction. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

关键词： java virtual machine exception handling just-in-time compiler on-demand translation exception handier prediction

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