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2nd International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning (RuleML+RR)

作者： Nogatz, Falco Fruhwirth, Thom Seipel, Dietmar Univ Wurzburg Dept Comp Sci D-97074 Wurzburg Germany Ulm Univ Inst Software Engn & Programming Languages D-89069 Ulm Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319999067;9783319999050

Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is usually compiled to logic programming languages. While there are implementations for imperative programming languages such as C and Java, its most popular host language remains Prolog. In this paper, we present ***, a CHR system implemented in javascript, that is suitable for both the server-side and interactive client-side web applications. *** provides (i) an interpreter, which is based on the asynchronous execution model of javascript, and (ii) an ahead-of-time compiler, resulting in synchronous constraint solvers with better performances. Because of the great popularity of javascript, *** is the first CHR system that runs on almost all and even mobile devices, without the need for an additional run-time environment. As an example application we present the *** Playground, an offline-capable web-interface which allows the interactive exploration of CHRs in every modern browser.

关键词： Constraint handling rules javascript Compiler

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Learning PHP, MySQL, javascript, and CSS: A Step-by-Step Guide to Creating Dynamic Websites 2

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2012年

作者： Robin Nixon

ISBN: (纸本)1449319262

If you're familiar with HTML, using the information in Learning PHP, MySQL, javascript and CSS, you will quickly learn how to build interactive, data-driven websites with the powerful combination of PHP, MySQL, javascript and CSS - the top technologies for creating modern sites. This hands-on guide explains each technology separately, shows you how to combine them, and introduces valuable web programming concepts such as objects, XHTML, cookies, and session *** paced for non-programmers, this second edition of the top-selling guide to web development now also provides an extensive introduction to CSS, and benefits from reader questions and suggestions about the first edition, making the new edition even easier to follow and more information-packed than ***, to ensure your have understood all the main points, you'll practice what you've learned with review questions at the end of each chapter, and there's even a sample social networking platform built with the elements introduced in this *** PHP, MySQL, javascript and CSS will enable you to:Understand PHP up to an intermediate level, including the basics of object-oriented programming Master MySQL, from database structure to complex queries Create web pages with PHP and MySQL by integrating forms and other HTML features Learn about javascript, from functions and event handling to accessing the Document Object Model Pick up the basics of CSS (and CSS3) and learn how to use it to create compelling and dynamic web *** out how to manipulate CSS properties directly from javascriptMake Ajax calls and turn your website into a highly interactive environment Upload and manipulate files and images, validate user input, and secure your applicationsBring all these technologies together to create a social networking site

关键词： guide creating dynam javascript mysql learning

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JSReX: An Efficient javascript-based Middleware for Multi-platform Mobile Peer-to-Peer Networks 17

JSReX: An Efficient JavaScript-based Middleware for Multi-pl...

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19th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-Based Applications and Services (iiWAS)

作者： Le, Minh Clyde, Stephen W. Utah State Univ Logan UT 84322 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450352994

Code offloading on mobile platforms has received much attention as a way of relieving heavy workload by utilizing power of the other devices or cloud servers. The offloading mechanisms rely on multiple platforms to be enabled on variety of mobile devices. To support platform heterogeneity, the execution code should be implemented in javascript and executed on the designate devices by correspondingly compatible javascript engine. In this paper, we present a novel distribution mechanism with a built-in javascript execution package, annotation processor and an engine to enable code offloading among the devices and servers in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. This approach includes a set of constraints for code implementation so developers can easily integrate to their project. Our evaluation, based on a testbed with Android and Windows Phone devices, demonstrates the efficiency of offloading javascript-based packages on multiple devices, as well as compares the performance between javascript and native versions.

关键词： javascript Remote Execution Multiple Platforms Peer-to-Peer Run-time Systems

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JEST: N+1-version Differential Testing of Both javascript Engines and Specification 21

JEST: <i>N</i>+1-version Differential Testing of Both JavaSc...

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43rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering - Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP) / 43rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - New Ideas and Emerging Results (ICSE-NIER)

作者： Park, Jihyeok An, Seungmin Youn, Dongjun Kim, Gyeongwon Ryu, Sukyoung Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Sch Comp Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780738113197

Modern programming follows the continuous integration (CI) and continuous deployment (CD) approach rather than the traditional waterfall model. Even the development of modern programming languages uses the CI/CD approach to swiftly provide new language features and to adapt to new development environments. Unlike in the conventional approach, in the modern CI/CD approach, a language specification is no more the oracle of the language semantics because both the specification and its implementations (interpreters or compilers) can co-evolve. In this setting, both the specification and implementations may have bugs, and guaranteeing their correctness is non-trivial. In this paper, we propose a novel N+1-version differential testing to resolve the problem. Unlike the traditional differential testing, our approach consists of three steps: 1) to automatically synthesize programs guided by the syntax and semantics from a given language specification, 2) to generate conformance tests by injecting assertions to the synthesized programs to check their final program states, 3) to detect bugs in the specification and implementations via executing the conformance tests on multiple implementations, and 4) to localize bugs on the specification using statistical information. We actualize our approach for the javascript programming language via JEST, which performs N+1-version differential testing for modern javascript engines and ECMAScript, the language specification describing the syntax and semantics of javascript in a natural language. We evaluated JEST with four javascript engines that support all modern javascript language features and the latest version of ECMAScript (ES11, 2020). JEST automatically synthesized 1,700 programs that covered 97.78% of syntax and 87.70% of semantics from ES11. Using the assertion-injected javascript programs, it detected 44 engine bugs in four different engines and 27 specification bugs in ES11.

关键词： javascript conformance test generation mechanized specification differential testing

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Understanding ECMAScript 6. The definitive guide for javascript developers 1

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2016年

作者： Nicholas C. Zakas

ISBN: (纸本)9781593277574

ECMAScript 6 represents the biggest update to the core of javascript in the history of the language. In Understanding ECMAScript 6, expert developer Nicholas C. Zakas provides a complete guide to the object types, syntax, and other exciting changes that ECMAScript 6 brings to javascript. Every chapter is packed with example code that works in any javascript environment so you'll be able to see new features in action. You'll learn: How ECMAScript 6 class syntax relates to more familiar javascript concepts What makes iterators and generators useful How arrow functions differ from regular functions Ways to store data with sets, maps, and more The power of inheritance How to improve asynchronous programming with promisesHow modules change the way you organize code Whether you're a web developer or a *** developer, you'll find Understanding ECMA Script 6 indispensable on your journey from ECMAScript 5 to ECMAScript 6.

关键词： javascript developers guide definitive ecmascript understanding

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Precise display time measurement in javascript for web-based experiments

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BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS 2023年第3期55卷 1079-1093页

作者： Lukacs, Gaspar Gartus, Andreas Univ Vienna Fac Psychol Dept Cognit Emot & Methods Psychol Vienna Austria Aoyama Gakuin Univ Shibuya Ku 4-4-25 Shibuya Tokyo 1508366 Japan

Conducting research via the Internet is a formidable and ever-increasingly popular option for behavioral scientists. However, it is widely acknowledged that web-browsers are not optimized for research: In particular, the timing of display changes (e.g., a stimulus appearing on the screen), still leaves room for improvement. So far, the typically recommended best (or least bad) timing method has been a single requestAnimationFrame (RAF) javascript function call within which one would give the display command and obtain the time of that display change. In our Study 1, we assessed two alternatives: Calling the RAF twice consecutively, or calling the RAF during a continually ongoing independent loop of recursive RAF calls. While the former has shown little or no improvement as compared to single RAF calls, with the latter we significantly and substantially improved overall precision, and achieved practically faultless precision in most practical cases. Our two basic methods for effecting display changes, plain text change and canvas color filling, proved equally efficient. In Study 2, we reassessed the "RAF loop" timing method with image elements in combination with three different display methods: We found that the precision remained high when using either visibility or opacity changes - while drawing on a canvas element consistently led to comparatively lower precision. We recommend the "RAF loop" display timing method for improved precision in future studies, and visibility or opacity changes when using image stimuli. We publicly share the easy-to-use code for this method, exactly as employed in our studies.

关键词： Computer Display Timing Measurement javascript Precision Online research

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IDVE: an Integrated Development and Verification Environment for javascript 19

IDVE: an Integrated Development and Verification Environment...

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3rd International Conference on Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming (Programming)

作者： Schuster, Christopher Flanagan, Cormac Univ Calif Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450362573

Program verifiers statically check programs based on source code annotations such as invariants, pre- and postconditions. These annotations can be more precise than simple types. For example, a sorting routine might be annotated with a postcondition stating that its result is sorted. However, the verification process for these annotations can become complex. Therefore, simple error messages may not be sufficient to help the programmer resolve verification issues. In order to improve the programming experience for verified programming, this paper presents IDVE, an integrated development and verification environment that lets users interactively inspect and debug verification issues. The goal of IDVE is to provide a development tool that assists users with program verification analogous to how interactive step-by-step debugging avoids manual "printf debugging". IDVE enables programmers to interactively manipulate assumptions and assertions of verification conditions with a novel verification inspector, and IDVE automatically generates tests that serve as executable and debuggable counterexamples. In addition to presenting the approach and implementation of the integrated development and verification environment, we also conducted a user study with 18 participants to evaluate how the proposed features of the environment are perceived. Participants with and without prior experience with program verifiers had to solve a series of simple programming and verification tasks and answer an online survey. Features of IDVE were generally seen as helpful or potentially helpful but user interface design is an essential factor for their utility.

关键词： programming environments program verification javascript test generation interactive debugging

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An Empirical Study of Privacy-Violating Information Flows in javascript Web Applications 10

An Empirical Study of Privacy-Violating Information Flows in...

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17th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS)

作者： Jang, Dongseok Jhala, Ranjit Lerner, Sorin Shacham, Hovav Univ Calif San Diego Dept Comp Sci & Engn San Diego CA 92103 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450302449

The dynamic nature of javascript web applications has given rise to the possibility of privacy violating information flows. We present an empirical study of the prevalence of such flows on a large number of popular websites. We have (1) designed an expressive, fine-grained information flow policy language that allows us to specify and detect different kinds of privacy-violating flows in javascript code, (2) implemented a new rewriting-based javascript information flow engine within the Chrome browser, and (3) used the enhanced browser to conduct a large-scale empirical study over the Alexa global top 50,000 websites of four privacy-violating flows: cookie stealing, location hijacking, history sniffing, and behavior tracking. Our survey shows that several popular sites, including Alexaglobaltop-100sites, use privacy-violating flows to ex filtrate information about users' browsing behavior. Our findings show that steps must be taken to mitigate the privacy threat from covert flows in browsers.

关键词： privacy web security information flow javascript web application dynamic analysis rewriting history sniffing

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Hardware dependency and performance of javascript engines used in popular browsers

Hardware dependency and performance of JavaScript engines us...

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International Conference on Control Communication & Computing India (ICCC)

作者： Radhakrishnan, Jayakrishnan Univ Oxford Clin Trials & Serv Unit Oxford England

ISBN: (纸本)9781467373494

Web browsers are very commonly used softwares and the modern ones provide various interactive contents from World Wide Web (WWW). Browsers internally use javascript engines to offer these functionalities. Most of the websites specifies only the browser version as prerequisites but these browsers in turn depend on the underlying hardware. The benchmark tests performed on the popular browsers revealed the strength and weakness and its hardware dependency. It also calls for websites which provide complex contents to specified a recommended hardware

关键词： javascript performance benchmarking web browser

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Efficient javascript Mutation Testing

Efficient JavaScript Mutation Testing

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6th IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)

作者： Mirshokraie, Shabnam Mesbah, Ali Pattabiraman, Karthik Univ British Columbia Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549682

Mutation testing is an effective test adequacy assessment technique. However, it suffers from two main issues. First, there is a high computational cost in executing the test suite against a potentially large pool of generated mutants. Second, there is much effort involved in filtering out equivalent mutants, which are syntactically different but semantically identical to the original program. Prior work has mainly focused on detecting equivalent mutants after the mutation generation phase, which is computationally expensive and has limited efficiency. In this paper, we propose a technique that leverages static and dynamic program analysis to guide the mutation generation process a-priori towards parts of the code that are error-prone or likely to influence the program's output. Further, we focus on the javascript language, and propose a set of mutation operators that are specific to web applications. We implement our approach in a tool called MUTANDIS. We empirically evaluate MUTANDIS on a number of web applications to assess the efficacy of the approach.

关键词： mutation testing javascript equivalent mutant

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