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Deep source-channel coding for Sentence Semantic Transmission With HARQ

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第8期70卷 5225-5240页

作者： Jiang, Peiwen Wen, Chao-Kai Jin, Shi Li, Geoffrey Ye Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Inst Commun Engn Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan Imperial Coll London Dept Elect & Elect Engn London SW7 2AZ England

Recently, semantic communication has been brought to the forefront because deep learning (DL)-based methods, such as Transformer, have achieved great success in semantic extraction. Although semantic communication has been successfully applied in sentence transmission to reduce semantic errors, the existing architecture is usually fixed in terms of codeword length and inefficient and inflexible for varying sentence lengths. In this study, we exploit hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to reduce the semantic transmission error further. We combine semantic coding (SC) with Reed-Solomon (RS) channel coding and HARQ (called SC-RS-HARQ). SC-RS-HARQ exploits the superiority of SC and the reliability of conventional methods successfully. Although SC-RS-HARQ can be easily applied in existing HARQ systems, we also develop an end-to-end architecture called SCHARQ to pursue enhanced performance. Numerical results demonstrate that SCHARQ significantly reduces the required number of bits for semantic sentence transmission and the sentence error rate. We also attempt to replace error detection from cyclic redundancy check to a similarity detection network called Sim32 to allow the receiver to reserve wrong sentences with similar semantic information and conserve transmission resources.

关键词： Semantics Codes channel coding Symbols Transformers Encoding Receivers HARQ semantic communication quantization sentence similarity joint source-channel coding transformer

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Robust stack-run coding for low bit-rate image transmission over noisy channels

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2002年第7期9卷 196-199页

作者： Pépin, C Raffy, P Gray, RM Docomo Commun Labs USA Inc San Jose CA 95110 USA R2 Technol Inc Sunnyvale CA 94087 USA Stanford Univ Dept Elect Engn Informat Syst Lab Stanford CA 94305 USA

We propose a multiresolution algorithm to jointly optimize a source coder and channel coder. The variable-rate source coder combines an optimal bit-allocation strategy and efficient stack-run coding. This compression scheme, concatenated with appropriate rate-compatible punctured convolutional codes, provides a competitive approach to recent state-of-the-art extensions of zerotree methods to noisy channels. Results show that under the assumption of almost zero probability of decoding error, the proposed scheme provides good performance for a lower complexity.

关键词： bit allocation joint source-channel coding rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes stack-run coding

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Multiple description coding based on Gaussian mixture models

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2005年第6期12卷 449-452页

作者： Samuelsson, J Plasberg, JH Royal Inst Technol KTH Dept Signals Sensors & Syst Wireless S-10044 Stockholm Sweden

An algorithm for multiple description coding (MDC) based on Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) is presented. Based on the parameters of the GMM, the algorithm combines MDC scalar quantizers, yielding a source-optimized vector MDC system. The performance is evaluated on a speech spectrum source in terms of mean-squared error and log spectral distortion. It is demonstrated experimentally that the proposed system outperforms single description coding and repetition coding over a wide range of channel failure probabilities. The proposed algorithm has a complexity that is linear in rate and dimension while retaining a near optimal vector quantizer point density.

关键词： Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) joint source-channel coding multiple description coding (MDC) quantization

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Video coding bit allocation algorithm over wireless transmission channel

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2006年第5期13卷 601-606页

作者：张伟周源华 Institute of Image Communication & Information Processing Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

For two-way video communications over wireless channels using the automatic repeat request (ARQ) retransmission scheme, TMN8 rate control scheme is not effective in minimizing the number of frames skipped and cannot guarantee video quality during the retransmissions of error packets. This paper presents a joint source channel bit allocation scheme that allocates target bits according to encoder buffer fullness and estimation of channel condition by retransmission information. The results obtained from implementing our scheme in H.263+coder over wireless channel model show that our proposed scheme encodes the video sequences with lower and steadier buffer delay, fewer frames skipped and higher average PSNR compared to TMN8.

关键词： ARQ bit allocation channel model error-prone channel joint source-channel coding

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coding and Common Reconstruction

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2009年第11期55卷 4995-5010页

作者： Steinberg, Yossef Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn IL-32000 Technion Haifa Israel

This work studies problems of source and joint source-channel coding under the requirement that the encoder can produce an exact copy of the compressed source constructed by the decoder. This requirement, termed here as the common reconstruction constraint (CR), is satisfied automatically in rate-distortion theory for single sources. However, in the common formulation of problems of lossy source coding with side information at the decoder (the Wyner-Ziv problem), distributed source coding, and joint source-channel coding for networks, the destination can exploit the information it receives in a manner that cannot be exactly reproduced at the sender side. Some applications, like the transmission of sensitive medical information, may require that both sides-the sender and the receiver-will share a common version of the compressed data, for the purpose of future discussions or consulting. The purpose of this work is to study the implications of CR constraints on the achievable rates in scenarios of lossy source coding and lossy transmission of sources. Three problems are examined: source coding with side information at the decoder, simultaneous transmission of data and state over state-dependent channels, and joint source-channel coding for the degraded broadcast channel. Single-letter characterizations of the optimal performance are developed for these problems, under corresponding CR constraints. Implications of this constraint on problems of joint source-channel coding in networks are discussed.

关键词： Broadcast channel common reconstruction (CR) Gel'fand-Pinsker channel hierarchical coding joint source-channel coding source coding with side information successive refinement state-dependent channels Wyner-Ziv problem

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source-channel coding for Fading channels With Correlated Interference

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第11期62卷 3997-4011页

作者： Abou Saleh, Ahmad Chan, Wai-Yip Alajaji, Fady Queens Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Queens Univ Dept Math & Stat Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada

We consider the problem of sending a Gaussian source over a fading channel with Gaussian interference known to the transmitter. We study joint source-channel coding schemes for the case of unequal bandwidth between the source and the channel and when the source and the interference are correlated. An outer bound on the system's distortion is first derived by assuming additional information at the decoder side. We then propose layered coding schemes based on proper combination of power splitting, bandwidth splitting, Wyner-Ziv and hybrid coding. More precisely, a hybrid layer, that uses the source and the interference, is concatenated (superimposed) with a purely digital layer to achieve bandwidth expansion (reduction). The achievable (square error) distortion region of these schemes under matched and mismatched noise levels is then analyzed. Numerical results show that the proposed schemes perform close to the best derived bound and to be resilient to channel noise mismatch. As an application of the proposed schemes, we derive both inner and outer bounds on the source-channel-state distortion region for the fading channel with correlated interference;the receiver, in this case, aims to jointly estimate both the source signal as well as the channel-state (interference).

关键词： joint source-channel coding distortion region correlated interference dirty paper coding hybrid digital-analog coding fading channels

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Diversity Image coding Using Irregular Interpolation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 2021年 30卷 5665-5677页

作者： Goren, Mor Zamir, Ram Tel Aviv Univ EE Syst Dept IL-69978 Tel Aviv Israel Nvidia Corp Mellanox Technol IL-69710 Tel Aviv Israel

Diversity "multiple description" (MD) source coding promises graceful degradation in the presence of a priori unknown number of erased packets in the channel. A simple coding scheme for the case of two packets consists of oversampling the source by a factor of two and delta-sigma quantization. This approach was applied successfully to JPEG-based image coding over a lossy packet network, where the interpolation and splitting into two descriptions are done in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain. Moreover, unlike the classical source-channel separation approach - which is designed for a predetermined number of erasures (say, K out of N), hence its distortion does not improve when the channel behaves better than expected - an MD coding scheme aims to achieve a better reconstruction quality when more or all the N descriptions are received at the decoder side. The extension to a larger number of descriptions, however, suffers from noise amplification whenever the received descriptions form a non-uniform sampling pattern. In this work, we examine inter- and intra-block interpolation methods, and show how noise amplification can be reduced by redesigning the interpolation filter at the encoder. Specifically, for a given total coding rate, we demonstrate that an "irregular" interpolation filter is robust to the pattern of received packets over all ( K out of N) patterns, with some degradation relative to low-pass (LP) interpolation in the case where all N packets arrived. We provide experimental results comparing LP and irregular interpolation filters, and examine the effect of noise shaping on the trade-off between the central distortion (receiving all packets) and side distortion (receiving K packets).

关键词： Multiple descriptions source coding JPEG interpolation DCT irregular spectrum joint source-channel coding delta-sigma quantization

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On the Performance of Hybrid Digital-Analog coding for Broadcasting Correlated Gaussian sources

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2011年第12期59卷 3335-3342页

作者： Behroozi, Hamid Alajaji, Fady Linder, Tamas Queens Univ Dept Math & Stat Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada

We consider the problem of sending a bivariate Gaussian source S = (S-1, S-2) across a power-limited two-user Gaussian broadcast channel. User i (i = 1, 2) observes the transmitted signal corrupted by Gaussian noise with power sigma(2)(i) and desires to estimate S-i. We study hybrid digital-analog (HDA) joint source-channel coding schemes and analyze the region of ( squared-error) distortion pairs that are simultaneously achievable. Two cases are considered: 1) broadcasting with bandwidth compression, and 2) broadcasting with bandwidth expansion. We modify and adapt HDA schemes of Wilson et al. [1] and Prabhakaran et al. [2], originally proposed for broadcasting a single common Gaussian source, in order to provide achievable distortion regions for broadcasting correlated Gaussian sources. For comparison, we also extend the outer bound of Soundararajan et al. [3] from the matched source-channel bandwidth case to the bandwidth mismatch case.

关键词： Gaussian broadcast channel bandwidth compression/expansion joint source-channel coding hybrid digit-alanalog (HDA) coding Costa coding Wyner-Ziv coding layered coding uncoded transmission

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coding problems for channels with partial state information at the transmitter

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2007年第12期53卷 4521-4536页

作者： Cemal, Yakup Steinberg, Yossef AudioCodes Ltd IL-70151 Lod Israel Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn IL-32000 Haifa Israel

channel coding for single-user channels with rate-limited, coded, partial channel state information at the transmitter and full side information (SI) at the receiver is studied. In the first part of the current work, we consider joint source-channel state channel coding. In particular, we deal with lossy transmission of a source, over a cost-constrained state controlled channel where the receiver gets full SI and the transmitter receive coded partial SI. We derive a single-letter characterization of the achievable distortion-cost triples. From this characterization, a separation principle follows for both, coding of the main source and the transmitter SI. In the second part, we consider channel coding when the transmitter receives multiple partial, rate-limited descriptions of the state, and the receiver gets full SI. Two rate-limited descriptions of the state sequence are generated and conveyed to the transmitter, where each description can be lost independently during this transmission. For three different possible partial SI at the transmitter, we explore a channel coding strategy with three different forward channel rates. Inner and outer bounds are derived on the set of achievable partial description and forward channel rates. Furthermore, special cases where the inner bound is tight are studied. Similarities between coding of SI as multiple partial descriptions and the multiple description problem of source coding theory are pointed out.

关键词： coded side information (SI) excess rate hierarchical coding joint source-channel coding multiple description state-controlled channels successive refinement

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source-optimized channel coding for digital transmission channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2005年第4期53卷 592-600页

作者： Heinen, S Vary, P Infineon Technol AG Dev Ctr Dusseldorf D-40489 Dusseldorf Germany Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Univ Inst Commun Syst & Data Proc D-52056 Aachen Germany

We present a new class of nonlinear block codes called source-optimized channel codes (SOCCs), which are particularly designed for parametric source encoding of speech, audio, and video. In contrast to conventional channel codes, the new codes are not optimized for minimizing residual bit-error rate, but maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of transmitted source codec parameters. The decoding of SOCCs is not based on bit-error correction, but on parameter estimation. We compare SOCCs with other approaches to joint source/channel coding such as channel-optimized vector quantization, channel-constrained vector quantization, unequal error protection, and source-controlled channel decoding. In terms of performance, SOCCs show better robustness if under channel mismatch conditions. For real-world applications, SOCCs are attractive, since the separation of source and channel codec is preserved.

关键词： joint source-channel coding nonlinear block codes parameter estimation

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