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Hybrid digital-analog (HDA) joint source-channel codes for broadcasting and robust communications

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2002年第5期48卷 1082-1102页

作者： Mittal, U Phamdo, N SUNY Stony Brook Dept Elect & Comp Engn Stony Brook NY 11794 USA

We consider the problem of transmitting a band-limited Gaussian source on an additive band-limited Gaussian noise channel. The well-known "threshold effect"dictates that the more powerful a code is, the more sensitive it is to the exact knowledge of the channel noise. A code is said to be robust if it is asymptotically optimal for a wide range of channel noise. Thus, robust codes have a "graceful degradation" characteristic and are free of the threshold effect. It is demonstrated that robust codes exist whenever the source and channel bandwidths are equal. In the unequal-bandwidth case, a collection of nearly robust joint source-channel codes Is constructed using a hybrid digital-analog (HEIA) coding technique. For designing nearly robust codes, a matched tandem code whose channel encoder's output is partially/fully matched to its input is proposed and the existence of an asymptotically optimal matched tandem code is shown. The nearly robust codes achieve the Shannon limit (theoretically optimum distortion) and have a less severe threshold effect. Finally, for the case of two different noise conditions, the distortion regions of these codes are determined.

关键词： Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel broadcasting joint source-channel coding memoryless Gaussian source robustness

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Wireless Deep Video Semantic Transmission

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第1期41卷 214-229页

作者： Wang, Sixian Dai, Jincheng Liang, Zijian Niu, Kai Si, Zhongwei Dong, Chao Qin, Xiaoqi Zhang, Ping Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Key Lab Universal Wireless Commun Minist Educ Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen 518066 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

In this paper, we design a new class of high-efficiency deep joint source-channel coding methods to achieve end-to-end video transmission over wireless channels. The proposed methods exploit nonlinear transform and conditional coding architecture to adaptively extract semantic features across video frames, and transmit semantic feature domain representations over wireless channels via deep joint source-channel coding. Our framework is collected under the name deep video semantic transmission (DVST). In particular, benefiting from the strong temporal prior provided by the feature domain context, the learned nonlinear transform function becomes temporally adaptive, resulting in a richer and more accurate entropy model guiding the transmission of current frame. Accordingly, a novel rate adaptive transmission mechanism is developed to customize deep joint source-channel coding for video sources. It learns to allocate the limited channel bandwidth within and among video frames to maximize the overall transmission performance. The whole DVST design is formulated as an optimization problem whose goal is to minimize the end-to-end transmission rate-distortion performance under perceptual quality metrics or machine vision task performance metrics. Across standard video source test sequences and various communication scenarios, experiments show that our DVST can generally surpass traditional wireless video coded transmission schemes. The proposed DVST framework can well support future semantic communications due to its video content-aware and machine vision task integration abilities.

关键词： Semantic communications video transmission nonlinear transform joint source-channel coding rate-distortion

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Approximate Characterizations for the Gaussian source Broadcast Distortion Region

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2011年第1期57卷 124-136页

作者： Tian, Chao Diggavi, Suhas Shamai, Shlomo AT&T Labs Res Florham Pk NJ 07932 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn IL-32000 Haifa Israel

We consider the joint source-channel coding problem of sending a Gaussian source on a K-user Gaussian broadcast channel with bandwidth mismatch. A new outer bound to the achievable distortion region is derived using the technique of introducing more than one additional auxiliary random variable, which was previously used to derive sum-rate lower bound for the symmetric Gaussian multiple description problem. By combining this outer bound with the achievability result based on source-channel separation, we provide approximate characterizations of the achievable distortion region within constant multiplicative factors. Furthermore, we show that the results can be extended to general broadcast channels, and the performance of the source-channel separation based approach is also within the same constant multiplicative factors of the optimum.

关键词： Gaussian source joint source-channel coding squared error distortion

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Transmission of Sporadic Analog Samples Over Wireless channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第1期64卷 354-364页

作者： Unsal, Ayse Knopp, Raymond EURECOM Dept Mobile Commun F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France Univ Paderborn Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol D-33098 Paderborn Germany

A low-latency, parameter modulation-estimation feedback protocol for wide-band channels is introduced for both pure line-of-sight and more general fading channels with several degrees of freedom. One round of the protocol consists of a data phase and a control phase and uses noncoherent detection. The asymptotic optimality in energy efficiency of the protocol is analyzed and an upper bound on the distortion level is derived for two rounds. The proposed scheme, as well as known one-way schemes, are compared with classical and very recent lower bounds. Both the lower bounds and performance evaluation of the feedback protocol are extended to a multichannel fading model. The improvement of the feedback protocol over one-shot transmission is shown to be very significant on both line-of-sight and fading channels.

关键词： joint source-channel coding parameter modulation-estimation non-coherent detection distortion

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Cost-distortion optimized unequal error protection for object-based video communications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2005年第12期15卷 1505-1516页

作者： Wang, HH Zhai, F Eisenberg, Y Katsaggelos, AK Qualcomm Inc San Diego CA 92126 USA Texas Instruments Inc Dallas TX 75235 USA BAE Syst Merrimack NH 03047 USA Northwestern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA

Object-based video coding is a relatively new technique to meet the fast growing demand for interactive multimedia applications. Compared with conventional frame-based video coding, it consists of two types of source data: shape information and texture information. Recently, joint source-channel coding for multimedia communications has gained increased popularity. However, very limited work has been conducted to address the problem of joint source-channel coding for object-based video. In this paper, we propose a cost-distortion optimal unequal error protection (UEP) scheme for object-based video communications. Our goal is to achieve the best video quality (minimum total expected distortion) with constraints on transmission cost and delay in a lossy network environment. The problem is solved using Lagarangian relaxation and dynamic programming. The performance of the proposed scheme is tested using simulations of a narrow-band block-fading wireless channel with additive white Gaussian noise and a simplified differentiated services Internet channel. Experimental results indicate that the proposed UEP scheme can significantly outperform equal error protection methods.

关键词： differentiated service (DiffServ) network joint source-channel coding lossy network MPEG-4 standard object-based video rate distortion unequal error protection (UEP) video coding video communications wireless channel

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Neuron-Based Spiking Transmission and Reasoning Network for Robust Image-Text Retrieval

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2023年第7期33卷 3516-3528页

作者： Li, Wenrui Ma, Zhengyu Deng, Liang-Jian Fan, Xiaopeng Tian, Yonghong Harbin Inst Technol Dept Comp Scienceand Technol Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Math Sci Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Most of the image-text retrieval methods carry out accurate results using fine-grained features for feature alignment. However, extracting the robustness features while maintaining the retrieval accuracy in wireless communication is still a challenge, especially with channel noises and limited transmission bandwidth. Inspired by spike signals of neurons in the human brain, we propose the neuron-based spiking transmission and reasoning network (NSTRN). In this way, the features are compressed into compacted efficient representations. In NSTRN, we construct the feature sender based on spiking activation function to selectively encode only important information in images and sentences into binary codes, and reduce the transmission cost. Moreover, the feature receiver is designed as a recurrent architecture and applies both temporal attention and global attention blocks to memorize long-term information. Finally, to compensate for the loss of visual concepts in transmission, we use the global textual features as coefficients to guide the formation of visual features in the training stage. The traditional CNN-based joint source-channel coding model outputs float-point encoded features, which requires additional quantization steps to convert features into binary bitstreams in the practical wireless communication system. Instead, the spiking neural networks (SNNs) directly use binary spike trains to reduce the computation complexity caused by the quantization steps. More importantly, SNNs can naturally encode the asynchronous event streams and inhibit the discrete noisy events to extract robust information. Even with binary bitstreams, NSTRN shows effectiveness compared with the state-of-the-art image-text retrieval methods. In the wireless communication scenario, NSTRN not only reduces the transmission bandwidth but also alleviates the "cliff effect" to a certain extent in the traditional separate encoding methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work usin

关键词： Image-text retrieval spiking neural networks joint source-channel coding

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An efficient progressive bitstream transmission system for hybrid channels with memory

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2006年第6期8卷 1291-1298页

作者： Etemadi, Farzad Jafarkhani, Hamid Univ Calif Irvine Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA

We consider progressive transmission over a hybrid channel introducing bit errors and packet erasures. The existing solutions are analyzed and extended to the case of a channel that exhibits memory on both bit errors and packet erasures. We then propose a simple, low-complexity coding scheme that transforms the hybrid channel into a channel with a single impairment for which various optimization techniques exist. Both rate-based and distortion-based optimization problems are investigated. It is shown that our proposed solution has lower channel coding and rate-distortion optimization complexities compared to the known solutions. Simulation results for channels with and without memory show the effectiveness of our proposed solution over a wide range of operating conditions. Numerical results also indicate that the rate-based solution of our proposed algorithm is very close to the corresponding distortion-based solution.

关键词： finite-state channels joint source-channel coding progressive transmission packet erasures unequal protection

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Entanglement-Assisted Classical Communication Over Quantum channels for Binary Markov sources

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2018年第5期67卷 3866-3873页

作者： Izhar, Mohd Azri Mohd Babar, Zunaira Ng, Soon Xin Hanzo, Lajos Univ Teknol Malaysia Wireless Commun Ctr Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Univ Teknol Malaysia Ubiquitous Broadband Access Network Grp UTM Razak Sch Engn & Adv Technol Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Univ Southampton Sch Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

Symbol-based iterative decoding is proposed for the transmission of classical Markov source signals over a quantum channel using a three-stage serial concatenation of a convolutional code (CC), a unity-rate code and a two-qubit superdense (SD) protocol. A modified symbol-based maximum a posteriori algorithm is employed for CC decoding to exploit the Markov source statistics during the iterative decoding process. Extrinsic information transfer chart analysis is performed to evaluate the benefit of the extrinsic mutual information gleaned from the CC decoder for sources with different correlations. We evaluate the bit error rate performance of the proposed coding scheme and compare it with the relevant benchmark schemes, including the turbo coding-based SD scheme. We demonstrate that a near-capacity performance can be achieved using the proposed scheme and when utilizing sources having a high correlation coefficient of rho = 0.9, the proposed coding scheme performs within 0.53 dB from the entanglement-assisted classical capacity.

关键词： Entanglement-assisted classical communication iterative decoding joint source-channel coding source-assisted channel decoding superdense coding

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Low-Delay Digital and Hybrid Digital/Analog Schemes for Wyner-Ziv Problem Over Gaussian Broadcast channel

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2023年第12期72卷 16058-16072页

作者： Chen, Xuechen Lin, Zhuobin Chen, Chuang Deng, Xiaoheng Cent South Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Changsha Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Elect & Informat Technol Guangzhou Peoples R China Huawei Technol Co Ltd Shenzhen Peoples R China

We consider practical low-delay coding schemes for the lossy transmission of a Gaussian source over a Gaussian broadcast channel with two receivers in the Wyner-Ziv setting. One digital scheme and one hybrid digital/analog (HDA) scheme are proposed. Both schemes combine layered coding and dirty paper coding (DPC) at the transmitter. The digital scheme uses layered coding where the common layer information is intended for both receivers while the refinement layer is destined only for the receiver with better quality. Instead of just superimposing the two layers, we propose a bit-filling procedure based DPC to transmit these two layers. A modified log-likelihood ratio based belief propagation algorithm improves the successive canceling procedure with the help of side information. If the refinement-layer decoding decision fails, a typical set-based decoding algorithm is introduced. The proposed HDA scheme superimposes not only the digital information, but also the analog information, quantization error, at the encoder with DPC. Accordingly, we present a scoring-typical set-based decoding algorithm that includes the minimum mean square error estimator for the analog component. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes exhibit performance improvements, and the distortion is shown to be reasonably low for very short block length. Finally we extend the proposed schemes to the three-users case to validate their superiority in the general case.

关键词： Wyner-ziv coding gaussian broadcast channel joint source-channel coding dirty paper coding successive canceling typical set hybrid digital/analog

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Beyond Transmitting Bits: Context, Semantics, and Task-Oriented Communications

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第1期41卷 5-41页

作者： Gunduz, Deniz Qin, Zhijin Aguerri, Inaki Estella Dhillon, Harpreet S. Yang, Zhaohui Yener, Aylin Wong, Kai Kit Chae, Chan-Byoung Imperial Coll London Dept Elect & Elect Engn London SW7 2AZ England Tsinghua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Amazon Barcelona 08018 Spain Virginia Tech Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Informat Sci & Elect Engn Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Informat Proc Commun & Netw Hangzhou 310007 Zhejiang Peoples R China Ohio State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA UCL Dept Elect & Elect Engn London WC1E 6BT England Yonsei Univ Seoul 03722 South Korea Yonsei Univ Sch Integrated Technol Seoul 03722 South Korea

Communication systems to date primarily aim at reliably communicating bit sequences. Such an approach provides efficient engineering designs that are agnostic to the meanings of the messages or to the goal that the message exchange aims to achieve. Next generation systems, however, can be potentially enriched by folding message semantics and goals of communication into their design. Further, these systems can be made cognizant of the context in which communication exchange takes place, thereby providing avenues for novel design insights. This tutorial summarizes the efforts to date, starting from its early adaptations, semantic-aware and task-oriented communications, covering the foundations, algorithms and potential implementations. The focus is on approaches that utilize information theory to provide the foundations, as well as the significant role of learning in semantics and task-aware communications.

关键词： Semantics Task analysis Syntactics Receivers Symbols Reliability theory Communication networks 6G semantic communications semantic distortion goal-oriented communications joint source-channel coding deep learning (DL) rate-distortion theory information bottleneck (IB) pragmatic communications remote inference distributed learning

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