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Improved algorithm of cluster-based routing protocols for agricultural wireless multimedia sensor networks

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第4期9卷 132-140页

作者： Zhang Fu Liu Hongmei Wang Jun Qiu Zhaomei Mao Pengjun Zhang Yakun College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province Luoyang 471003China

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(leach)is a routing algorithm in agricultural wireless multimedia sensor networks(WMSNs)that includes two kinds of improved protocol,leach_D and leach_*** this study,obstacles were overcome in widely used *** improved algorithm was proposed to solve existing problems,such as energy source restriction,communication distance,and energy of the *** optimal number of clusters was calculated by the first-order radio model of the improved algorithm to determine the percentage of the cluster heads in the *** energy and the near sink nodes were chosen as cluster heads based on the residual energy of the nodes and the distance between the nodes to the sink *** the same time,the K-means clustering analysis method was used for equally assigning the nodes to several clusters in the *** simulation and the verification results showed that the survival number of the proposed algorithm leach-ED increased by 66%.Moreover,the network load was high and network lifetime was *** mathematical model between the average voltage of nodes(y)and the running time(x)was concluded in the equation y=−0.0643x+4.3694,and the correlation coefficient was R2=*** research results can provide a foundation and method for the design and simulation of the routing algorithm in agricultural WMSNs.

关键词： wireless sensor networks routing protocol leach algorithm improved algorithm cluster head K-means clustering

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Network security of low power wireless router based on clustering routing algorithm

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JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY MATHEMATICS 2018年第5期21卷 1221-1225页

作者： Jin, Hua Wang, Aixin Zhu, Yatao Hebei Agr Univ Dept Informat Sci & Technol Baoding 071000 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Comp Technol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

In this paper, a low-power, high-security wireless routing network based on clustering routing algorithm is proposed for the existing problems of the current wireless routing network, such as high energy consumption, algorithm optimization and routing network insecurity. This paper proposes an artificial intelligence algorithm and its improved algorithm to deal with the edge of the image. Firstly, it introduces the basic establishment method of the clustered routing algorithm, and then introduces the specific design method of the router network. At the same time, it introduces the reasonable selection method of the cluster head and the possible problems in the data synthesis, and gives a specific description on how to reduce the power consumption and improve the safety in the design process. Finally, it makes a detailed analysis and test for the wireless router network design obtained by us, which proves the scientific nature of our algorithm and also proves the correctness and rationality of our design.

关键词： Low power consumption Wireless router Clustering algorithm leach algorithm

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Vector space modelling-based intelligent binary image encryption for secure communication

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JOURNAL OF DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES & CRYPTOGRAPHY 2022年第4期25卷 1157-1171页

作者： Gowda, V. Dankan Sharma, Avinash Nagabushanam, M. Reddy, H. G. Govardhana Raghavendra, K. BMS Inst Technol & Management Dept Elect & Commun Engn Bangalore Karnataka India Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed Univ Maharishi Markandeshwar Engn Coll Dept Comp Sci Engn Ambala Haryana India Ramaiah Inst Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Bangalore Karnataka India Alliance Univ Alliance Sch Appl Math Dept Math Bangalore Karnataka India ACS Coll Engn Dept Math Bangalore Karnataka India

In this research work, a secured routing technique is developed based on the leach algorithm. Many secure routing algorithms were proposed in the past by modifying the leach algorithm with trust management techniques, key generation, and distribution technique and intrusion detection algorithms. Most present solutions are unable to address the issue of modifying and intercepting assaults. To tackle this problem, a new secured routing algorithm is developed in this work that divides the image and messages into sub-components, represent them in a matrix format and add them to get a steganographic image which is encrypted using a suitable encryption algorithm selected by the rule system developed in this research work. Moreover, intelligent agents are incorporated in all the sensor nodes in the network to communicate the encrypted images to the neighbor nodes more reliably.

关键词： Encryption Cryptography Sensor Network leach algorithm Steganographic image

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Energy Saving algorithm Research Based on Interior Monitoring System

Energy Saving Algorithm Research Based on Interior Monitorin...

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3rd International Conference on Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering (ICMDME)

作者： Zhu, Kai Liang, Yincheng Qiao, Xu China Univ Min & Technol Sch Mech Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783038351801

Energy consumption is a main area in wireless sensor network researching. Interior monitoring system is designed by organized ZigBee wireless network. Address assignment mechanism is put forward and the result about sensor nodes is displayed. Aiming at the problems of leach algorithm that all nodes will be assigned cluster head, this paper proposes the algorithm that cluster head projected in first round is effective until the next round so that reducing energy consumption in competition about cluster head. Through the simulation test, network address assignment is normal, data can be displayed through LED, and network telecommunication is stable.

关键词： wireless sensor network energy-saving ZigBee leach algorithm

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Network Lifetime Enhancement of Homogeneous Sensor Network Using ART1 Neural Network 6

Network Lifetime Enhancement of Homogeneous Sensor Network U...

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6th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks

作者： Mittal, Mohit Kumar, Krishan Gurukul Kangri Univ Dept Comp Sci Haridwar India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969296

Wireless sensor network is becoming an interesting area for the significant research due to its ability to monitor the various range of geographical applications all over the world. Cluster routing algorithms are much efficiently work for communication in wireless sensor network. This paper presents the findings and future of cluster-based routing algorithm using ART1 neural networks. ART1 is an unsupervised neural network which can efficiently optimized the result. Results are obtained from MATLAB implementation of ART1 neural network shows that it increases the lifetime of available system by 60% (when one node dies) in comparison to the traditional leach algorithm.

关键词： wireless sensor network leach algorithm ART1 neural network

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Research on Routing Protocols for Polar Environmental Information Awareness in Wireless Sensor Networks 3

Research on Routing Protocols for Polar Environmental Inform...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Communication;Network and Computer Technology (ECNCT)

作者： Song, Yuecai Lin, Haitao Bian, Yuan Naval Univ Engn Coll Elect Engn Wuhan 430000 Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510652118

ISBN: (纸本)9781510652118;9781510652101

In recent years, with the global warming aggravating the melting of polar glaciers, the strategic position of the polar region has been significantly improved. Improving the perception of polar environmental information has become a key factor for countries to take the initiative in the development of polar regions. Wireless sensor networks provide a good solution to the problem of polar environmental information perception. This paper describes an energy balanced wireless sensor network algorithm for polar environment information perception, namely EEB-leach algorithm. On the basis of leach, the algorithm comprehensively considers the effects of node residual energy, node distance from base station and node density within the optimal cluster radius on cluster head election, and adopts multi-hop forwarding strategy in inter-cluster communication. The simulation results show that the EEB-leach algorithm can make the energy consumption of nodes more balanced, delay the death time of nodes, and prolong the network life cycle.

关键词： wireless sensor network Polar environment leach algorithm cluster multi-hop energy efficiency balance

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An Optimal Mechanism of leach Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

An Optimal Mechanism of LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor N...

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2009 ISECS International Colloquium on Computing, Communication, Control, and Management

作者： Zhiming Yang School of Computer and Communication Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou,China Junyi Liu Xi’an Heavy Machinery Institute Xi’an,China Xuhui Chen School of Computer and Communication Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou,China

Cluster-based leach routing protocol has the good adaptability for large-scale wireless sensor network,but the existing algorithms may improve the network lifetime through adjusting the threshold,which could make the number of cluster-heads in one certain area more or less,due to ignoring the number of cluster-heads in the process of cluster-heads *** optimal cluster-heads algorithm in this paper is proposed to improve the network *** simulation results show that our protocol improves the performance,and thus prolong the network lifetime.

关键词： leach algorithm Wireless Sensor Networks Optimal cluster-heads algorithm Network lifetime

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Deep learning-based algorithm for optimum cluster head selection in sustainable wireless communication system

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NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS 2023年

作者： Revanesh, M. Mary, S. A. Sahaaya Arul Gnaneswari, G. Jones, G. Maria Kanimozhi, K. V. Kamalam, G. K. PES Coll Engn Dept Elect & Commun Engn Mandya Karnataka India Vellore Inst Technol SCOPE Comp Sci & Engn Vellore TN India CMR Inst Technol Dept Comp Applicat Bangalore Karnataka India Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chennai TN India Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci Saveetha Sch Engn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chennai TN India Kongu Engn Coll Dept Informat Technol Perundurai TN India

The wireless sensor nodes of the network gather environmental data while using their batteries to communicate with the base station. When sharing data, the sensor nodes consume more energy, which shortens the network lifetime. Energy efficiency is a crucial factor to think about while building sensor networks. The clustering technique's main goal is to carry out the most energy-efficient data transmission possible while simultaneously increasing the network's useful life. The optimal cluster head selection in sustainable wireless communication systems is proposed in this research to find the best cluster head selection for the enhanced deep neural network approach. The cluster heads are best located using this technique, which also improves the firefly's general search activity. Throughput, energy left over, and the number of active nodes are measured when evaluating the suggested methodology. The findings indicate a rise in network longevity, which boosts the quantity of active nodes and lowers energy consumption. Through comparison, it was found that the proposed methodology beats the firefly algorithm in terms of throughput and leftover energy.

关键词： leach algorithm Firefly algorithm (FA) Deep learning Energy consumption

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An Intrusion Detection Model Based on IPSO-SVM algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

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JOURNAL OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY 2018年第7期19卷 2124-2133页

作者： Liu, Shuang Wang, Liejun Qin, Jiwei Guo, Yan Zuo, Hang Xinjiang Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Urumqi Xinjiang Peoples R China Xinjiang Univ Sch Software Urumqi Xinjiang Peoples R China Xinjiang Univ Network & Informat Technol Ctr Urumqi Xinjiang Peoples R China

Aiming at the energy constrained of wireless sensor network (WSN) and the low detection accuracy of intrusion detection mechanisms in WSN, an intrusion detection model based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the improved leach algorithm is applied to our intrusion detection model to cluster the nodes to reduce energy consumption. Nextly, Anomaly detection based on SVM algorithm is used in this model to ensure that detector has a high detection accuracy. Finally, the SVM algorithm is optimized by using the IPSO algorithm to obtain the optimal SVM parameters, so as to improve the detection precision and convergence speed of the model. The experimental results show that the intrusion detection model mentioned in this paper has higher detection precision, faster convergence speed and more balanced use of node energy compared with other detection models.

关键词： Wireless sensor network intrusion detection Particle swarm optimization Support vector machine leach algorithm Anomaly detection

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Non-uniform Clustering algorithm for Container IoT in Ocean Transportation Scenarios

International Core Journal of Engineering

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International Core Journal of Engineering 2021年第4期7卷 207-216页

作者： Shengnan Zong Yangyang Hao Lu Zhou

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to realize the visualization and real-time information of the container Internet of Things in the current ocean transportation process, an improved leach non-uniform clustering algorithm is proposed to solve the uneven node energy consumption and the premature death of nodes in the cluster routing algorithm. And other issues, and fully consider the respective characteristics of general-purpose containers and refrigerated containers to make them more in line with the application requirements of the container Internet of Things, and realize the efficient transmission of ocean-going container transportation information. First, in the cluster establishment stage, a reasonable size cluster is constructed through the improved leach algorithm and the non-uniform competition radius. Second, in the inter-cluster routing stage, a multi-hop routing method between clusters that approximates the shortest path is designed. Third, in the rotation phase of the cluster head, in order to reduce the number of network reorganizations and reduce energy consumption, an intra-cluster rotation mechanism is adopted. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm is not only suitable for network environments of various scales, but also effectively balances the energy consumption of the container Internet of Things, better solves the problem of premature death of nodes, and prolongs the survival time of the network.

关键词： Ocean Transportation Internet of Things leach algorithm Non-uniform Clustering Energy Balance

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