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Experimental implementation of the nonstructural element simulator on shake table (NEST) for an archetype tall building

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EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS 2024年第13期53卷 3941-3962页

作者： Cao, Yuteng Fu, Haoran Qu, Zhe Xian Univ Architecture & Technol Coll Civil Engn Xian Peoples R China China Earthquake Adm Inst Engn Mech Key Lab Earthquake Engn & Engn Vibrat 1 Chaobai St Sanhe 065201 Hebei Peoples R China Minist Emergency Management Key Lab Earthquake Disaster Mitigat Harbin Heilongjiang Peoples R China

Nonstructural damage, usually predominates in buildings subjected to low to moderate seismic intensities and contributes significantly to business interruption and economic losses. It promotes a rapidly growing need for experimental research and qualification of various types of nonstructural elements in buildings in the recent decades. To provide a novel option of experimentally simulating the realistic boundary conditions for various nonstructural elements in labs, we developed the Nonstructural Element Simulator on Shake Table (NEST), a passively controlled three-layer substructural testbed driven by existing shake tables. This paper presents the first experimental implementation of NEST on a challenging 42-story archetype tall building. The dynamic properties of the substructure were tuned to adapt the archetype building and the required shake table motions were solved as a reverse problem by an open-loop control algorithm. The test results proved the capability of NEST to replicate the history responses of the target floors in the archetype building under either recorded earthquake ground motion or artificial loading protocols for qualification purposes. In all cases, the synthetic relative error in the floor accelerations and the inter-story drift within the frequency range of interest was less than 5% in the numerical domain and less than 30% in the physical realization. The seismic responses of a variety of nonstructural elements to the substructural motions show that, in the mid-story of the archetype tall building, the ceiling sustained minimum damage because of the small floor acceleration while the indoor contents slid significantly and even overturned.

关键词： engineering demand parameter lqr algorithm nonstructural elements substructure shake table test tall building

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Impact of Creep Phenomenon on a Performance of a Linear Control System of a Piezoelectric Cantilever Actuator 25

Impact of Creep Phenomenon on a Performance of a Linear Cont...

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25th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC)

作者： Grzybek, Dariusz AGH Univ Krakow Fac Mech Engn & Robot Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350708;9798350350715

An experimental analysis of the influence of a creep phenomenon on the performance of a control system of a piezoelectric cantilever actuator is the subject of the paper. The controlled piezoelectric actuator was composed of three layers: one carrier layer made of aluminum type 1050 and two piezoelectric layers made of macro fiber composites (MFC) patches. A linear lqr algorithm with integral action was used in the control system. Based on laboratory experiments, it was noticed that the selection of weights in the Q matrix has a significant impact on avoiding the creep effects in the control system.

关键词： piezoelectric actuator creep phenomenon position control lqr algorithm

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Research on a Multimode Adaptive Cruise Control Strategy with Emergency Lane-Changing Function

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WORLD ELECTRIC VEHICLE JOURNAL 2023年第7期14卷 189页

作者： Huang, Dong Ou, Jian Yang, Echuan Lin, Jiayu Zhang, Yong Chongqing Univ Technol Key Lab Adv Mfg Technol Auto Parts Minist Educ Chongqing 400054 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Technol Coll Mech Engn Chongqing 400054 Peoples R China Chongqing Ind & Trade Polytech Coll Vehicle Engn Chongqing 408000 Peoples R China

In emergency situations, it is difficult to meet the requirements of safe driving only by relying on the braking system, and the probability of accidents can be reduced by employing an emergency lane-changing mode. To improve the adaptability of the distributed electric vehicle adaptive cruise control (ACC) strategy to complicated and volatile conditions, a multimode ACC strategy with emergency lane-changing function is proposed. Firstly, the ACC is divided into four modes aimed at the problem of complex conditions, and a switching strategy is designed to control the switching of them. Simultaneously, the car-following mode is divided in greater detail based on time to collision (TTC), and the acceleration weighted average algorithm is adopted for accuracy and output continuity during switching. Then, the ACC is established with a hierarchical control framework, in which a PID-based cruise mode and a multi-objective optimized car-following mode based on model predictive control (MPC) are devised. The target brake wheel cylinder pressure is selected as the emergency brake pressure in takeover mode. In addition to the MPC-based system, the emergency lane-changing mode incorporates a yaw moment controller in the upper-level controller to improve body stability during emergency lane changing in the upper-level controller. In the lower-level controller, the upper-level output is converted into driving torque, wheel cylinder pressure, and front wheel angle to control vehicle travel and generate additional yaw moment. Finally, the results indicate that the presented multimode switching strategy can adapt to complex and instable transportation environments. In the cruise control scenario, the host vehicle can rapidly reach cruising speed within 5 s. In the car-following scenario, the host vehicle can stably follow the preceding vehicle with an acceleration of -5-3.5 m/s2 and a jerk of -2-2 m/s3 throughout the entire process, maintaining a safe distance from the preceding ve

关键词： adaptive control emergency conditions lqr algorithm mode switching strategy MPC algorithm PID algorithm

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Control System for Multi-Input and Simple-Output Piezoelectric Beam Actuator Based on Macro Fiber Composite

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ENERGIES 2022年第6期15卷 2042页

作者： Grzybek, Dariusz AGH Univ Sci & Technol Fac Mech Engn & Robot Al Mickiewicza 30 PL-30059 Krakow Poland

A control system for a piezoelectric beam actuator, which had one or two control inputs, was a subject of numerical and laboratory research. The actuator had a prismatic shape with a rectangular cross-section and consisted of one layer of carrying substrate made from PCB-FR4 and two patches of Macro Fiber Composite of P1 type. MFC patches were glued on both sides of the carrying substrate. An article presents a comparison of the control quality of piezoelectric actuator with one control signal (one-input actuator) and the control quality of piezoelectric actuator with two control signals (two-input actuator). An application of two-input actuator led to a reduction of control voltage compared to the control voltage of one-input actuator. The decrease in the maximum voltage was approximately from 30% to 39% in conducted laboratory experiments. An application of two-input actuator causes a reduction of an overshoot value compared to one-input actuator. An application of limit of maximum control voltage leads to a greater decrease of the control quality for one-input actuator compared to two-input actuator.

关键词： piezoelectric actuator piezoelectric beam actuator deflection control system MISO control lqr algorithm integral lqr algorithm LQG algorithm Kalman filter

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Dual PD Control of Flexible Smart Structure Based on lqr algorithm

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2nd International Conference on Industrial Design and Mechanics Power (ICIDMP 2013)

作者： Qu Juntian Yang Xiao Xiao Yuchen Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Synthet Automat Proc Ind Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Inst Mech Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037858967

The flexible smart structure is broadly applied in various fields. In order to reduce the vibration of smart structures, a dual loop PD control strategy is proposed based on the Lagrangian dynamics mathematical modeling of the flexible system and a revision of the traditional lqr algorithm, the simulation and physical experiments show that the proposed approach is efficient in controlling and damping out the vibration and disturbance in flexible smart structure system.

关键词： Flexible Smart Structure Vibration Control lqr algorithm Dual PD Control

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Advanced two-step integrated optimization of actively controlled nonlinear structure under mainshock-aftershock sequences

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL 2019年第4期25卷 748-762页

作者： Khansefid, A. Bakhshi, A. Sharif Univ Technol Dept Civil Engn Azadi AveAzadi St Tehran *** Iran

In this paper, an attempt is made to examine a new method for designing and applying the active vibration control system to improve building performance under mainshock-aftershock sequences. In this regard, three different structures are considered;5-, 10-, and 15-story buildings. Seven mainshock-aftershock sequences are selected from the Iranian accelerogram database for analyzing the structures. By implementing an advanced two-step optimization method, buildings equipped with the active vibration control system (linear-quadratic regulator (lqr) algorithm) are designed to withstand all events of mainshock-aftershock sequences. In the first optimization step, a multi-objective optimization with the genetic algorithm is performed and a set of optimal Pareto front results is obtained. In the next step, the life-cycle cost of each optimal design sample of the Pareto front is calculated by considering the cumulative damage and the design sample with the minimum cost is selected as a final optimal property. The results prove that the active vibration control system is capable of reducing structural responses, including acceleration, drift, and residual drift under mainshock-aftershock sequences, and consequently the life-cycle cost of buildings, especially the taller ones. In addition, obtaining the building design variables (story stiffness and yielding force) and active lqr algorithm properties simultaneously leads to a slightly softer final building model than the conventional structure designed by the common building design code. Moreover, it is revealed that, by considering the aftershocks, the building life-cycle cost increases significantly.

关键词： Active control life-cycle cost lqr algorithm mainshock-aftershock sequence multi-objective optimization

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Design of an active compliant liquid column damper by lqr and wavelet linear quadratic regulator control strategies

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STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING 2018年第12期25卷 e2265-e2265页

作者： Bhattacharyya, Soumi Ghosh, Aparna Dey Basu, Biswajit Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol Dept Civil Engn Sibpur 711103 Howrah India Trinity Coll Dublin Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn Dublin Ireland

A new active tuned liquid column damper is developed for seismic vibration control of structures by employing the configuration of the compliant liquid column damper (CLCD). This control system is referred to as the active CLCD or ACLCD. The theoretical model of the proposed ACLCD is presented, in which the controller is designed first by the linear quadratic regulator (lqr) algorithm. The design procedure developed for the ACLCD is illustrated both for an example flexible structure and for an example stiff structure, subjected to a recorded accelerogram input. The optimal design of the passive CLCDs is also presented, to provide the basis for the choice of the damper parameters of the ACLCD. The optimum control parameters of the ACLCD are evaluated with the objective of minimizing the displacement response of the structure while maintaining the stability of response reduction and satisfying the constraints on peak liquid and whole damper displacements. A multiresolution-based wavelet controller (Wlqr) is also designed for the ACLCD, achieving structural displacement response reductions comparable to that obtained from the conventional lqr controller but with the application of comparatively lower control forces. The enhanced effectiveness of the ACLCD over that of the passive CLCD is demonstrated through a time domain study. The performances of the lqr- and Wlqr-based control strategies are compared, in terms of both structural response reduction and requirement of peak control force magnitudes, for the design input as well as under excitation variability.

关键词： active control compliant liquid column damper (CLCD) lqr algorithm seismic vibration control time domain study wavelet lqr algorithm

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An investigation of the effects of structural nonlinearity on the seismic performance degradation of active and passive control systems used for supplemental energy dissipation

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL 2016年第16期22卷 3544-3554页

作者： Khansefid, Ali Ahmadizadeh, Mehdi Sharif Univ Technol Dept Civil Engn Azadi St Tehran Iran

It is generally accepted that active control systems provide better structural performance when compared to their passive counterparts. On the other hand, the design of active control systems based on linear control theory is highly dependent on the structural properties. For this reason, their performance is expected to be affected more severely by variations in structural properties compared to those of passive systems. These variations can occur due to nonlinear structural behavior, or even before that due to uncertainties in the estimation of these properties and in numerical modeling. The present work is an investigation of the dependency of various control systems used for supplemental energy dissipation to the changes in structural properties. For this purpose, the performance degradations of most common control systems are studied for structures entering their nonlinear response range. The considered control systems include active control using linear quadratic regulator algorithm and passive control using viscous fluid dampers and yielding devices. These control systems are optimized separately for linear and nonlinear structures by minimizing performance indices based on inter-story drift and absolute acceleration response. It is shown that among these control systems, viscous dampers are affected the least by the alteration of structural properties, which may further support their utilization contrary to the more costly active control systems. It is also shown that the amount of performance degradation depends on the selected structural performance index, and more importantly, the severity of the earthquake excitation.

关键词： Structural control lqr algorithm viscous dampers hysteretic dampers nonlinearity performance index

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Study On A Two-loop Control Architecture To Balance An Inertia Wheel Pendulum

Study On A Two-loop Control Architecture To Balance An Inert...

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3rd National-Foundation-for-Science-and-Technology-Development Conference on Information and Computer Science (NICS)

作者： Tan-Sy Nguyen Thai-Hoang Huynh Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol Dept Automat Control Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9781509020980

The paper presents a new control architecture consisting of two control loops to balance an Inertia Wheel Pendulum (IWP) of which the wheel is driven by a DC motor. The outer control loop uses a lqr controller to calculate the required torque to balance the IWP around the upright position based on the measurement of the pendulum angle and angular velocity. The inner control loop uses a PI controller to calculate the voltage applied to the DC motor such that the torque provided by the motor meets the requirement of the outer loop. Matlab simulation and real hardware experiments have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Inertia Wheel Pendulum Armature current control Stabilization control PI controller lqr algorithm

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The Optimal Control Based on High-Order Flexible Rectilinear Plant 34

The Optimal Control Based on High-Order Flexible Rectilinear...

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34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC)

作者： Wang, Yipin Fu, Xingjian Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ Sch Automat Beijing 100192 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789881563897

The High-Order Flexible Rectilinear Plant can verify advanced control theory, such as Optimal Control, Fuzzy Control, Adaptive Control, Robust control, Neural Network Control and so on. The biggest advantage of the plant is that it can implement real-time control for the system through two kinds of operating environment. One is that establishing model in the Simulink environment, because the system provides a module which can communicate with the device, lots of algorithms can be implemented by using this module. The other is that programming C code in the ECP environment which is provided by ECP company of the United States. Under the two environments, comparing the control effect of PID algorithm and lqr algorithm by means of simulation and experiment. The result displays that the lqr optimal control is better than PID control obviously here.

关键词： lqr algorithm High-order Flexibility Simulink Model

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