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Hybrid Multiagent System for Automatic object learning Classification

5th International Conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Systems

作者： Gil, Ana de la Prieta, Fernando Lopez, Vivian F. Univ Salamanca Comp Sci Dpt Salamanca 37007 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783642138027

The rapid evolution within the context of e-learning is closely linked to international efforts on the standardization of learning object metadata, which provides learners in a web-based educational system with ubiquitous access to multiple distributed repositories. This article presents a hybrid agent-based architecture that enables the recovery of learning objects tagged in learning object metadata (LOM) and provides individualized help with selecting learning materials to make the most suitable choice among many alternatives.

关键词： learning object metadata learning object repositories federated search e-learning emerging e-learning technologies neural networks

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Taking advantage of metadata semantics: the case of learning-object-based lesson graphs

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KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2009年第3期20卷 323-348页

作者： Motelet, Olivier Baloian, Nelson Pino, Jose A. Univ Chile Dept Comp Sci DCC Santiago Chile

learning objects (LOs) are pieces of educational material characterized with a valuable amount of information about their content and usage. This additional information is defined as a set of metadata generally following the IEEE LOM specification. This specification also serves to characterize the relations existing between LOs. LOs whose relations are explicit are regarded as the nodes of a lesson graph. Link types and LO metadata constitute the lesson graph semantics. This article proposes to take advantage of lesson graph semantics using a context diffusion approach. It consists in diffusing the metadata-based processes along the edges of the lesson graph. This technique aims at coping with the metadata processing issues arising when some graph metadata are missing, incorrect, or incomplete. This article also presents a three-layer extensible framework for easing the use of context diffusion in a graph. As part of the framework, two original types of metadata processes are introduced. The first one takes advantage of the metadata attribute similarities between related LOs. The second one focuses on the lesson graph consistency. The framework and the application examples were implemented as an open-source Java library used in the lesson graph authoring tool LessonMapper2. During the lesson authoring process, we show that the framework can bring support not only for generating and validating metadata, but also for retrieving LOs.

关键词： learning object metadata Lesson graph metadata processing metadata propagation learning object retrieval Lesson authoring

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Design factors affecting relevance judgment behaviour in the context of metadata surrogates

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE 2010年第6期36卷 780-797页

作者： Balatsoukas, Panos O'Brien, Ann Morris, Anne Univ Strathclyde Dept Comp & Informat Sci Fac Sci Glasgow G1 1XQ Lanark Scotland Univ Loughborough Dept Informat Sci Leicester Leics England

This paper reports on the findings of a user study which investigated the effects of structure, highlighting and quantity of information on university students' interaction with metadata surrogates of learning object repositories (LORs) during the relevance judgement process. The literature review revealed a lack of studies investigating how metadata surrogates should be designed to meet users' needs and improve the effectiveness of relevance judgement. In order to address this issue, different versions of a prototype system, called META-LOR 2, were developed and evaluated in terms of the time needed for users to find relevant information, the accuracy of their relevance judgements and their satisfaction. To evaluate the prototype, a user study was conducted where participants were asked to complete a set of tasks and fill in satisfaction questionnaires. The findings showed that participants performed better and were more satisfied with those versions of the prototype which highlighted metadata elements that included the query terms, used clusters or categories to organize metadata elements in the surrogates and included metadata elements which were relevant to the query or task at hand. The paper concludes with some recommendations for improving the design of metadata surrogates in search result interfaces.

关键词： digital surrogates information seeking and retrieval interface design learning object metadata relevance judgement user studies

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The Ariadne Infrastructure for Managing and Storing metadata

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IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING 2009年第4期13卷 18-25页

作者： Ternier, Stefaan Verbert, Katrien Parra, Gonzalo Vandeputte, Bram Klerkx, Joris Duval, Erik Ordonez, Vicente Ochoa, Xavier Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Sci Louvain Belgium

Reusing digital resources for learning has been a goal for several decades, driven by potential time savings and quality enhancements. Although the rapid development of Web-based learning has increased opportunities for reuse significantly, managing learning objects and making them accessible still entails many. challenges. This article presents and analyzes the standards-based Ariadne infrastructure for managing learning objects in an open and scalable architecture. The architecture supports the integration of learning objects in multiple, distributed repository networks. The authors capture lessons learned in four architectural patterns.

关键词： learning object metadata learning object Repositories Federated Search Harvesting Internet E learning Emerging E learning Technologies

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A Methodology and Framework for the Semi-automatic Assembly of learning objects

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4th European Conference on Technology Enhanced learning

作者： Verbert, Katrien Wiley, David Duval, Erik Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Wetenschappen B-3001 Heverlee Belgium Brigham Young Univ Inst Design & Technol Dept Provo UT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783642046353

One of the major obstacles in developing high quality content for learning is the substantial development cost and effort. In addition, the return oil investment is often low, as developed learning materials are difficult to reuse and adapt to new and different educational contexts, In this paper, we present a semi-automatic content assembly methodology to automate, at least partially, the reuse of existing learning content in high quality and effective learning sequences. In addition, we present a case study that integrates the approach into the LAMS learning design environment.

关键词： learning object reuse learning object metadata learning design

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On the Role of Technical Standards for learning Technologies

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON learning TECHNOLOGIES 2008年第4期1卷 229-234页

作者： Duval, Erik Verbert, Katrien Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Sci BE-3000 Louvain Belgium

This paper presents some of the lessons that we have learned during our involvement with the development of learning technology standards. We believe that the decision to develop a new standards is sometimes taken too quickly and that, when possible, existing generic standards should be profiled for the domain of learning. At this point in time, the development of tools, technologies, and methodologies that fully exploit the affordances of existing standards is more relevant than the development of new standards. Moreover, we believe that the relationship between technical standardization and research is often misunderstood: The main role of standards for research is to enable a large-scale technological infrastructure that promotes innovation through its open nature.

关键词： learning technology standards learning object metadata SCORM

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Extending CORDRA for systematic reuse

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6th International Conference on Web Based learning (ICWL 2007)

作者： Shih, Timothy K. Lin, Freya H. Du, Yue-Lin Chao, Louis R. Kim, Won Tamkang Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taipei Taiwan Chihlee Inst Technol Dept Informat Management Taipei Taiwan Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Informat & Commun Engn Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783540781387

The SCORM (Sharable Content object Reference Model) specification defines metadata of learning objects, which are used as the elementary reusable components in distance learning. The CORDRA (Content object Repository Discovery and Registration/Resolution Architecture) specification provides a common architecture for the resolution, discovery, and sharing of these learning objects. They define standardized ways in which learning objects can be discovered and reused by content designers. However, the current CORDRA and the definition of objects in SCORM only allow an object to be copied, updated, and re-organized in a new content aggregation, which is used as a delivery package to end users. This paper proposes a revised CORDRA architecture and a reusability mechanism to make instruction design easier. We propose a structure called a reusability tree for tracking the history of reuse of learning objects in CORDRA. This paper also defines the notions of similarity and diversity of learning objects to make easier for users to precisely search for reusable learning objects, with additional meaningful information to support instruction designs.

关键词： SCORM CORDRA reusability learning object metadata distributed system distance learning

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An Inference Network Model for Retrieving Reusable learning objects

An Inference Network Model for Retrieving Reusable Learning ...

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3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

作者： Khierbek, Ammar Salloum, Salman Tannous, Ayham Damascus Univ Fac Informat Technol Dept Software Engn & Informat Syst Damascus Syria

ISBN: (纸本)9781424417513

Reusing learning materials is an essential issue in developing e-learning content. For this purpose, the concept of Reusable learning objects (RLOs) has been developed by different organizations, and recently RLOs' metadata has been standardized to push up their reusability to its extent. In this paper, we focus on our vision of RLOs that have standard metadata and are stored in repositories. To enable advanced retrieval and browsing operations on RLOs' repositories, we have developed the LORIN model. This new model is based essentially on an Inference Network Retrieval model which is applied generally in Information Retrieval applications. LORIN model has been implemented and tested on a repository of learning objects that we have developed for pre-university curricula.

关键词： Reusable learning object learning object metadata Repository e-learning Information Retrieval Inference Network

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An Inference Network Model for Retrieving Reusable learning objects

An Inference Network Model for Retrieving Reusable Learning ...

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3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies, vol.1

作者： Ammar Khierbek Salman Salloum Ayham Tannous Department of Software Engineering and Information Systems Faculty of Information Technology Damascus University Syria

关键词： Reusable learning object learning object metadata Repository e-learning Information Retrieval Inference Network

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Taking advantage of the Semantics of a Lesson Graph based on learning objects 13

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13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2007)

作者： Motelet, Olivier Baloian, Nelson Piwowarski, Benjamin Pino, Jose A. Univ Chile Santiago 8370459 Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9781586037642

Lesson graphs are composed of learning objects (LOs) and include a valuable amount of information about the content and usage of the LOs, described by the LO metadata. Graphs also make explicit the links between the LOs (i.e. the graph semantics). This article proposes a conceptual model for taking advantage of this information. This model is based on an original diffusion process that copes with the problem of lesson graphs where some metadatas are missing. Two applications of the model are described and were implemented over a previously developed lesson authoring tool whose goal is to facilitate the lesson authoring process.

关键词： learning object metadata Lesson Graph Graph Semantics

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