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Control and autonomy irony in communities of practice from a power-based perspective

JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT 2017年第4期36卷 466-477页

作者： Thomas, Nobin Indian Inst Management Dept OB & HRM Indore Madhya Pradesh India

Purpose - The extant literature provides evidence that control measures employed in communities of practice (CoPs) have undergone significant changes with the evolution of the concept. When it started as a self-organized group, its members had the freedom to pursue their own interests. Now, CoPs are moving closer toward bureaucratic form of control. The purpose of this paper is to discuss that although it might still be difficult to locate the power base in a CoP, undercurrents suggest that they have a strong affinity for managements' interests. Design/methodology/approach - This approach taken in this paper is to present a historical background, contrast characteristics of present CoPs with its earlier versions and develop propositions highlighting a power-based perspective on leadership, sponsorship and objectives for CoPs within an existing organization. Findings - The authors have found that power in a CoP has undergone tremendous changes from the time when it was introduced by Lave and Wenger (1991). When it started as a self-organized group, control exerted was null and void, as the members were given freedom to pursue their interests. The paper shows that CoPs can be formed intentionally, which is quite contrary to the common belief that they emerge naturally. Now, CoPs are moving closer toward bureaucratic form of control with the setting up of governance committees. This has serious repercussions for their autonomy, as envisaged by the early proponents of CoP, who believed that closely knit informal groups would enhance situational learning. Originality/value - There is a general feeling that the word "autonomy" is a misnomer for CoP today. The power that once rested with the CoP group has been taken over by management in the form of sponsorship, goal congruency, etc. What appears as powerful in a CoP today is the sponsor and the CoP has ceased to exist as they used to be. This paper makes it clear that a CoP approach can provide value to the modern organiz

关键词： Knowledge transfer Workplace learning Organizational learning learning methods learning structures

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A New Approach to Construct Optimal Bow Tie Diagrams for Risk Analysis

A New Approach to Construct Optimal Bow Tie Diagrams for Ris...

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23rd International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems

作者： Badieddine, Ahmed Ben Amoi, Nahla Inst Super Gest Tunis LARODEC Le Baido 2000 Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9783642130243

Bow tie diagrams have become popular methods in risk analysis and safety management This tool describes graphically;in the same scheme, the whole scenario of an identified risk and its respective preventive and protective barriers The major problem with bow tie diagrams is that, they remain limited by then technical level and by then restriction to the graphical representation of different, scenarios without any consideration to the dynamic aspect. of real systems This paper overcomes this weakness by proposing a new Bayesian approach to construct bow ties horn teal data

关键词： Bow tie diagrams Risk analysis Bayesian networks learning structures learning parameters

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Work in Progress - Developing Multi-Country, Multi-Team, Multi-Term Projects for a Large, Introductory Engineering-Design Course

Work in Progress - Developing Multi-Country, Multi-Team, Mul...

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IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference 2008

作者： Daida, Jason M. Hildinger, Erik Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424419692

This paper describes our efforts at the University of Michigan in addressing globalization in project-centered engineering design courses at the first-year level. The additional challenges that come from doing engineering design over multiple countries tend to be social. We have subsequently engineered social network motifs that allow a class to adapt to such projects and their associated clients/stakeholders. Emphasis has been on the transmission of artifacts from one team to the next, one term to the next, one country to the next that afford the creation of realizable designs that work for the people / culture for which such designs are intended. From Spring 2006 to Fall 2007, approximately 630 students in the United States and China have participated in this course. Data suggests that this network-based, artifact-centric method can have a positive impact on a student's learning about globalization and engineering.

关键词： globalization learning structures project-centered learning social networks

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e-Nough! “e-learning” is a misnomer – it's mostly just “e-Teaching.” For any teaching to reliably and consistently produce the results we want, we still have a lot to learn about learning

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On the Horizon 2003年第1期11卷 26-32页

作者： Prensky, Marc Digital Game-based Learning Funder and CEO of Games2Train United States

The author suggests we know a lot less about learning than we normally admit – in fact there is no generally accepted definition of what it is. He suggests that this is a big problem with designing so-called e-learning, most of which is really just "e-Teaching." There is a need, the author argues, for much more differentiation of learning, especially by type of material to be learned. Much of the available research on learning is not about how people learn, but about how they learn in groups – i.e. classes, or, as the author calls them, herds. "Herding" introduces all sort of learning problems, and, to be successful, any e-learning must take one-on-one tutoring, which is two standard deviations more effective than classroom teaching – as its base. © 2003, MCB UP Limited

关键词： Electronic resources learning learning structures learning styles

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Group enquiry for collective learning in organisations

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Journal of Management Development 2003年第1-2期22卷 88-102页

作者： Gear, Tony Vince, Russ Read, Martin Minkes, A. Leonard Business School University of Glamorgan Pontypridd United Kingdom Portsmouth Business School University of Portsmouth Portsmouth United Kingdom University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom

The article presents a practical approach to generating collective learning in organisations. The approach utilises a low profile on-line group process support technology known as Teamworker, which is based on a wireless handset design. Group interactive sessions are arranged with a series of groups of eight to 16 employees from across the organisation, A case study is presented in order to demonstrate that this method can capture the interplay between individuals and groups of employees by aiding a process of dialogue that is central to organisational learning. The mode of operation of the technology, and the design of the group process, are critical elements to minimise defensive reactions of individuals, while seeking to maximise the outputs of collective communication and learning taking place in a political environment. Our conclusion at this stage is that this is a promising approach that is capable of further research and development by means of fieldwork linked with theory.

关键词： Group working learning structures Organizational learning Wireless technology

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Assessing life skills in young working adults – Part 1: The development of an alternative instrument

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Education + Training 2003年第3期45卷 139-151页

作者： Jacoba Van Der Wal, Rachel Van Der Wal, Ruurd Thusa-Help Consultants Department at Techniken Witwatersrand Helderkruin South Africa Department at Techniken Witwatersrand Helderkruin South Africa

This research was motivated and initiated by a request from industry to present a life skills learning programme to supplement young workers’ training. Subsequently, the dilemma faced by facilitators and trainers to assess the learners’ attainment of the learning outcomes of a life skills learning programme provided the impetus to develop an alternative assessment method – the collage and the stimulus instruments. A model developed by the researchers guided the development of the alternative assessment method and the stimulus instruments. Taking into account the demands, requirements and characteristics of life skills, a collage consisting of ten pictures and ten verbal concepts was developed to assess the learners’ attainment of the learning outcomes of a particular life skills learning programme. The life skills learning programme was presented to 18 artisans employed in industry. The selected material in the collage depicts more than one life skill and reflects the learning outcomes of the programme. The article is published in two parts. Part 1 is outlined above. The second part of the article will report on the outcomes of the application of the assessment instrument with the subject group of young workers. © 2003, MCB UP Limited

关键词： Interpersonal skills training learning learning structures Life planning

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learning-Program Creation in Work Organizations

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Human Resource Development Review 2003年第3期2卷 252 - 272页

作者： Rob F. Poell Ferd J. Van der Krogt Tilburg University University of Nijmegen

The article deals with the creation of employee learning programs in relation to the work they perform. The aim of the study was to gather empirical evidence for an actor model as an analytical framework for learning-program creation in work contexts. This process is understood as combining various types of learning situations into a coherent set of learning activities by a network of actors. After an outline of the actor model, the empirical basis for five of its core assumptions is investigated: (a) learning programs in different work contexts; (b) views and interests of actors; (c) social interactions among actors; (d) learning programs as combinations of learning situations; and (e) the typological approach. Based on this research overview, conclusions are drawn about the empirical basis of the actor model and about promising directions for further research.

关键词： learning programs primary work processes actor networks typologies social interaction learning structures work and learning

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Buckman Laboratories learning Center

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Journal of Knowledge Management 1997年第3期1卷 189-196页

作者： Ellis, Sheldon Buckman Laboratories United Kingdom

At any given time 86 per cent of Buckman Laboratories’ 1,300 employees are out of the office working with customers located in 102 countries. This diverse and dispersed workforce presents special problems for the creation and management of the company's intellectual capital. Faced with these challenges and the need to bring new knowledge and skills to its employees in a cost effective manner, Buckman Laboratories has created an online, multi-lingual learning centre. © 1997, MCB UP Limited

关键词： Buckman Laboratories Internet-resourced learning learning Organizations learning structures Virtual Corporate University Virtual Pedagogy

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learning structures for the young child: A review of the literature

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Early Child Development and Care 1990年第1期59卷 87-124页

作者： Mcauley, Helen J. Froebel College London Kiribati

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