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One-to-one non-linear transformation for RSS-based localization with unknown transmit power

IET COMMUNICATIONS 2021年第4期15卷 627-641页

作者： Danaee, Meysam Raees Imam Hussein Comprehens Univ Elect Engn Dept 3rd Floor 303 Tehran Iran

For most of the positioning algorithms, based on the received signal strength, the objective function of the estimator is linearized so that the conventional least square algorithm can be executed. This would necessitate using a data model containing many noisy elements which implicitly violates the least squares assumptions. To avoid this violation, an optimized data modelling would have to be set up as shown in this paper. The authors then trivially provide the solution of this new least square problem which is still a primary coarse position estimation because of ignoring the non-linear relationships existing among parameters of the estimation. To extract quantitative information from these non-linear relationships, the authors also propose two new signal space points for using Taylor-series expansion as effectively as possible in accordance of the new data model. The proposed algorithms work without any knowledge about the transmit power. The performance evaluation of the proposed idea indicates that the new suggested estimators perform significantly better than the other existing linear position estimators for a large range of noise variance and path-loss exponent values.

关键词： WSN Taylor-series expansion RSS-based localization sensor placement Optimisation techniques Signal processing and detection Wireless sensor networks optimized data modelling signal space points least square algorithm primary coarse position estimation least squares approximations positioning algorithms one-to-one nonlinear transformation wireless sensor networks Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) objective function linear position estimators signal processing nonlinear relationships least square problem received signal strength

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A rectilinear Gaussian model for estimating straight-line parameters

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2014年第2期25卷 510-520页

作者： Zhu, Hongjun Gao, Chao Guo, Yongcai Shao, Yanhua Chongqing Univ Minist China Key Lab Optoelect Technol & Syst Educ Chongqing 400030 Peoples R China

For characterizing straight lines in defocused images, a rectilinear Gaussian model (RGM) is proposed. Based on this model, a novel method for estimating the parameters of straight lines is presented. This method, called gray-scale least square (GLS) method, directly deals with gray-scale image data without requiring any preprocessing and hence no additional noise is introduced. Furthermore, the method is able to simultaneously estimate four parameters of straight lines by performing the algorithm only once, while two parameters can be typically estimated by traditional method. Besides this, all parameters are given in closed-form solution. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of RGM and the GLS method, the experiments are performed on a set of artificial images and natural images. The experimental results show that the GLS method outperforms the traditional method from the point of view of sensitivity to noise and accuracy of parameter estimation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gaussian model Parameter estimation Straight lines least square algorithm Ridge edge Straight-line parameters Feature description Defocused lines

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DC offset estimation-based fault detection in transmission line during power swing using ensemble of decision tree

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IET SCIENCE MEASUREMENT & TECHNOLOGY 2019年第2期13卷 212-222页

作者： Shukla, Sunil K. Koley, Ebha Ghosh, Subhojit Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Raipur CG India

The nuisance tripping of distance relay during power swing has been identified as one of the major causes for power system blackouts. Avoiding the risk of maloperation of distance relay and hence improving resilience during power swing, demands the development of a scheme capable of generating blocking signal during power swing and detecting a fault occurring with power swing from the measurement of current signal. In this regard, a protection scheme based on the hybrid framework of an ensemble of the tree, least square, and Adaline algorithm to perform the task of fault detection/classification, zone identification, location estimation, and power swing detection is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on the online estimation of DC offset information along with the fundamental component of the current signal. The performance of the proposed scheme has been analysed for diverse power swing and fault scenarios for two-machine system and Western System Coordinating Council 9-bus system. The simulation results reflect the effectiveness of the developed scheme in terms of sensitivity and reliability. Furthermore, to authenticate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for practical scenarios, implementation, and validation of the proposed scheme has been carried out in a real-time environment using the OPAL-RT digital simulator.

关键词： fault diagnosis power system measurement power transmission reliability two-machine system Reliability Power system protection power swing detection relay protection power transmission lines Optimisation techniques fault currents diverse power swing blocking signal power system blackouts location estimation power transmission protection transmission line Adaline algorithm Combinatorial mathematics OPAL-RT digital simulator protection scheme Power system measurement and metering power transmission faults DC offset estimation-based fault detection Western System Coordinating Council 9-bus system least square algorithm least squares approximations nuisance tripping fault detection/classification Power transmission, distribution and supply tree algorithm zone identification decision tree Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) distance relay current signal decision trees fault location Other topics in statistics

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Leader-follower tracking in lipschitz nonlinear multi agent systems under undirected graph with noisy sinusoidal motion of the leader

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EVOLVING SYSTEMS 2024年第2期15卷 555-573页

作者： Ghasemzadeh, Seyyed Vahid Safarinejadian, Behrouz Shiraz Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Modarres Blvd Shiraz 715555313 Iran

A distributed control protocol is proposed in this paper for tracking a leader with a sinusoidal motion path considering an undirected communication graph. A multi-agent system (MAS) is considered in which the dynamics of all agents and the leader are nonlinear and contaminated with noise. Firstly, we assume that the states of the leader and all of the agents are measurable without noise. In this case, graph theory, Lyapunov approach and Lasalle principle are used to design a distributed control protocol for nonlinear MASs to follow the leader with nonlinear dynamics. Next, it is supposed that the leader has a sinusoidal motion and its neighbor followers observe the leader with noise. Therefore, the parameters of measured signal including amplitude, frequency and phase are unknown. In this way, a novel algorithm called Integral Linear least square (ILLS) is proposed to estimate unknown parameters of sinusoidal behavior of the leader which is contaminated by noise, accurately. Next, a distributed control algorithm is designed for multiagent systems with Lipschitz nonlinearities under undirected graph to track the estimated states of the leader with noisy sinusoidal motion. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Multi agent Leader tracking Graph theory Lyapunov approach Lasalle principle least square algorithm

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Application of antenna arrays to mobile communications .2. Beam-forming and direction-of-arrival considerations

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1997年第8期85卷 1195-1245页

作者： Godara, LC School of Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy University of New South Wales Canberra ACT Australia

Array processing involves manipulation of signals induced on various antenna elements. Its capabilities of steering nulls to reduce cochannel interferences and pointing independent beams toward various mobiles, as well as its ability to provide estimates of directions of radiating sources, make it attractive to a mobile communications system designer. Array processing is expected to play an important role in fulfilling the increased demands of various mobile communications services. Part I of this paper showed how an array could be utilized in different configurations to improve the performance of mobile communications systems, with references to various studies where feasibility of an array system for mobile communications is considered. This paper provides a comprehensive and detailed treatment of different beam-forming schemes, adaptive algorithms tl? adjust the required weighting on antennas, direction-of-arrival estimation methods-including their performance comparison-and effects of errors on the performance of an array system, as well as schemes to alleviate them. This paper brings together almost all aspects of array signal processing. It is presented at a level appropriate to nonexperts in the field and contains a large reference list to probe further.

关键词： beam forming conjugate gradient method eigenstructure methods ESPRIT least square algorithm linear prediction method maximum entropy maximum likelihood method minimum norm mobile communications multipath arrivals MU-SIC MVDR estimator neural networks recursive least square algorithm weighted subspace fitting

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Improving finite element results in modeling heart valve mechanics

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE 2018年第7期232卷 718-725页

作者： Earl, Emily Mohammadi, Hadi Univ British Columbia Sch Engn Fac Sci Appl Heart Valve Performance Lab Okanagan Campus Kelowna BC V1V 1V7 Canada

Finite element analysis is a well-established computational tool which can be used for the analysis of soft tissue mechanics. Due to the structural complexity of the leaflet tissue of the heart valve, the currently available finite element models do not adequately represent the leaflet tissue. A method of addressing this issue is to implement computationally expensive finite element models, characterized by precise constitutive models including high-order and high-density mesh techniques. In this study, we introduce a novel numerical technique that enhances the results obtained from coarse mesh finite element models to provide accuracy comparable to that of fine mesh finite element models while maintaining a relatively low computational cost. Introduced in this study is a method by which the computational expense required to solve linear and nonlinear constitutive models, commonly used in heart valve mechanics simulations, is reduced while continuing to account for large and infinitesimal deformations. This continuum model is developed based on the least square algorithm procedure coupled with the finite difference method adhering to the assumption that the components of the strain tensor are available at all nodes of the finite element mesh model. The suggested numerical technique is easy to implement, practically efficient, and requires less computational time compared to currently available commercial finite element packages such as ANSYS and/or ABAQUS.

关键词： Finite element method finite difference method least square algorithm continuum mechanics numerical methods

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Optimal control and parameters design for the fractional-order vehicle suspension system

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JOURNAL OF LOW FREQUENCY NOISE VIBRATION AND ACTIVE CONTROL 2018年第3期37卷 456-467页

作者： You, Hao Shen, Yongjun Xing, Haijun Yang, Shaopu Shijiazhuang Tiedao Univ Dept Mech Engn 17 Bei Er Huan Dong Rd Shijiazhuang 050043 Hebei Peoples R China

In this paper the optimal control and parameters design of fractional-order vehicle suspension system are researched, where the system is described by fractional-order differential equation. The linear quadratic optimal state regulator is designed based on optimal control theory, which is applied to get the optimal control force of the active fractional-order suspension system. A stiffness-damping system is added to the passive fractional-order suspension system. Based on the criteria, i.e. the force arising from the accessional stiffness-damping system should be as close as possible to the optimal control force of the active fractional-order suspension system, the parameters of the optimized passive fractional-order suspension system are obtained by least square algorithm. An Oustaloup filter algorithm is adopted to simulate the fractional-order derivatives. Then, the simulation models of the three kinds of fractional-order suspension systems are developed respectively. The simulation results indicate that the active and optimized passive fractional-order suspension systems both reduce the value of vehicle body vertical acceleration and improve the ride comfort compared with the passive fractional-order suspension system, whenever the vehicle is running on a sinusoidal surface or random surface.

关键词： Fractional-order derivatives optimal control least square algorithm Oustaloup filter algorithm

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A new physical parameter identification method for shear frame structures under limited inputs and outputs

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ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 2021年第4期24卷 667-679页

作者： Liu, Jing-Liang Yu, An-Hua Chang, Chia-Ming Ren, Wei-Xin Zhang, Jing Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ Sch Transportat & Civil Engn Fuzhou Peoples R China Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Civil Engn Taipei Taiwan Shenzhen Univ Sch Civil & Traff Engn Nanhai Ave 3688 Shenzhen Peoples R China Hefei Univ Technol Sch Civil & Hydraul Engn Tunxi Rd 193 Hefei 230009 Peoples R China

A new physical parameter identification method with a name of EKPF-LS is proposed for shear frame structures under limited inputs and outputs by a combination of extended Kalman particle filter (EKPF) and least square (LS) algorithm. The basic principle of EKPF-LS is to establish the proposed distribution function of the particle filter through EKF-LS. In this method, EKPF is introduced to get rid of the restriction of Gaussian white noise model and reduce the linearization error caused by EKF. Meanwhile, LS is utilized to address the problem of unmeasured excitation estimations. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed EKPF-LS method is verified by a numerical example of a four-story hysteretic shear frame under an earthquake excitation and an experimental test of a four-story shear type frame using Gaussian white noise and sine sweep signal as excitations, respectively. Gaussian colored noises are then added to the solved and measured response signals in the numerical example and experimental test, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can identify the stiffness of shear frame structures effectively and is superior to the existed EKF-LS approach when the structural system is nonlinear structural system or Colored noise model.

关键词： extended Kalman particle filter least square algorithm physical parameter limited input and output shear frame structure

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An UWB location algorithm for indoor NLOS environment 5

An UWB location algorithm for indoor NLOS environment

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5th IEEE Conference on Ubiquitous Positioning, Indoor Navigation and Location-Based Services (UPINLBS)

作者： Zhang, Guolong Deng, Zhongliang Wen, Liu Ge, Lili Ke, Han Jiao, Jichao BUPT Inst Elect Engn Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538637555

In the UWB indoor wireless positioning system, to solve the problem of the NLOS error caused by the complex indoor environment and the changeable obstacles makes the positioning precision reduced. This paper uses ranging residuals to identify NLOS error, Kalman Filter is performed on the range of the LOS environment, Bias Kalman Filter based on ranging residuals compensation is performed in NLOS environment, if the ranging residuals compensation caused by some NLOS error mutations failed to reach the threshold value, according to the redundant range value after compensation, which adjusts the gain of Bias Kalman Filter automatically to reconstruct the range of LOS environment further. least square algorithm and Sliding Window Filter are used to calculate coordinate and smooth trajectory, experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the effect of NLOS error on location. The error of static positioning of 95% probability is not less than 0.075m, the maximum positioning error is no more than 0.082m, and the accuracy of dynamic positioning can be stabilized within 0.26m, which satisfies the needs of most indoor locations.

关键词： Kalman Filter Bias Kalman Filter ranging residuals compensation least square algorithm Sliding Window Filter

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The Tracking algorithms for Non-maneuvering Target and Maneuvering Target

The Tracking Algorithms for Non-maneuvering Target and Maneu...

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5th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design (ISCID)

作者： Yang, Yikang Xie, Tanglin Li, Xue Lu, Yi Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Inst Astronaut & Aeronaut Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769548111

The most commonly used methods of target tracking in the linear system is least square Filtering, Kalman filtering and Interacting Multiple Model(IMM). In this article, we use least square algorithm and the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) to study the tracking of non-maneuvering target and maneuvering target. Then compare to several algorithms, and deduces the advantage and disadvantage of each algorithm.

关键词： non-maneuvering target maneuvering target least square algorithm Kalman filtering Interacting Multiple Model (IMM)

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