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4th China Academic Conference on Printing and Packaging (CACPP)

作者： Song, Tian Li, Zhijiang Cao, Liqin Wuhan Univ Sch Printing & Packaging Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811000720;9789811000706

Experiments indicate that lee algorithm is sensitive to noise in image enhancement, which means that the details of texture and noises will be enhanced simultaneously. Therefore, an improved adaptive local image enhancement algorithm based on lee algorithm is proposed in the paper to reduce the negative impact of the noises. Firstly, traditional lee algorithm is employed to improve the image brightness and enhance the image details. Then, logarithmic transformation is applied to make the image more consistent with human vision mechanism. Finally, double platform threshold based on histogram equalization is used to overcome the disadvantage that the targets and details occupying less pixels become blurred and lost due to pixel-level merging, while the background and noise are enhanced excessively by setting the threshold of the double platform. Verification experiments demonstrate that the improved algorithm can enhance image local contrast and adaptively adjust image dynamic range effectively, regardless of the impact of noises to avoid excessive enhancement.

关键词： Image enhancement lee algorithm Logarithm transform Plateau histogram equalization

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lee PATH CONNECTION algorithm

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 1974年第9期C 23卷 907-914页

作者： RUBIN, F IBM CORP SYST DEV DIV POUGHKEEPSIE NY USA

The lee path connection algorithm is probably the most widely used method for finding wire paths on printed circuit boards. It is shown that the original claim of generality for the path cost function is incorrect, and a restriction, called the pathconsistency property, is introduced. The lee algorithm holds for those path cost functions having this property. Codings for the cells of the grid are proposed which will allow the correct operation of the algorithm under the most general path cost function, using the minimum number of states possible, six states per cell. Then methods for reducing the number of calculations by increasing the number of states are presented.

关键词： Cell Coding Heuristic Search lee algorithm Path Cost Function Printed Circuit Board Rectangular Grids Shortest Path Problem Wire Routing

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LAYMAT: A lee-type router for two-layer wiring

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Computers in Industry 1980年第4期1卷 235-243页

作者： Tibaldi, Marco Istituto di Automatica Facoltá di Ingegneria Università di Bologna Bologna I-40136 Viale Risorgimento 2 Italy

The version suggested by Rubin of the lee path connection algorithm is very efficient in solving the shortest path problem in a rectangular grid. The design of a printed circuit board is not only the sum of maǹy shortest path problems, because it is much better to route all the connections requested instead of only some of them, even if much shorter. LAYMAT is an adaptation of the lee-Rubin algorithm for two-layer circuit boards. © 1980, All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell coding LAYMAT lee algorithm Printed circuit boards Wire routing

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L3: An FPGA-based multilayer maze routing accelerator

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MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS 2005年第2-3期29卷 87-97页

作者： Nestor, JA Lafayette Coll Dept Elect & Comp Engn Easton PA 18042 USA

This paper describes a multi-layer maze routing accelerator which uses a two-dimensional array of processing elements (PEs) implemented in an FPGA. Routing for an L-layer NXN grid is performed by an array of NXN PEs that time-multiplex each layer over the array. This accelerates the classic lee algorithm from O(LXd(2)) in software to O(LXd). Each PE can be implemented in 32 look up tables in a Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA, which makes possible routing arrays that are large enough to support detailed routing for VLSI. Cycle measurements show a speedup of 50-75 X over a 2.54 GHz Pentium 4 for a 4-layer 8 X 8 array and 93 X for a 4-layer 16 X 16 array. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： VLSI routine hardware acceleration lee algorithm FPGA design

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RADARSAT automatic algorithms for detecting coastal oil spill pollution

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ITC Journal 2001年第2期3卷 191-196页

作者： Marghany, Maged Intl. Inst. Aerosp. Surv./Earth Sci. Div. Appl. Geornorphological Surveys 7500 AA Enschede P.O. Box 6 Netherlands

This paper presents work done for oil spill detection along coastal waters. Consumers are primarily interested in automatic detection of oil spills. The main objective of this study is to develop an automatic model for oil spill detection. This model includes texture analysis and two types of algorithms (lee and Gamma). Texture analysis, such as contrast analysis, was used to discriminate between oil and water. The lee algorithm was used to determine the linearity of oil movements, while the Gamma algorithm was used to determine oil spill spreading. The results showed that texture analysis and lee and Gamma algorithms can be good modules for automatic detection of oil spills by using SAR data. Such modules will be useful for rapid detection of oil spills and is illustrative for educational purposes.

关键词： Gamma algorithm lee algorithm RADARSAT Texture algorithms

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Low-Power FPGA Based Security System For Cabinet Protection 1

Low-Power FPGA Based Security System For Cabinet Protection

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1st International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS)

作者： Gopikrishna, P. V. Kamath, Harsh Sogolad, Prasad Kulkarni, G. H. Gogte Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Belgaum Karnataka India Texas A&M Univ Dept Elect Engn Kingsville TX USA Jain Coll Engn Dept Elect & Elect Belgaum Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467367257

In unauthorized areas, providing access to only authorized persons is a problem. The keyless entry eliminates the problems associated with the key duplication and break-ins but such a system has to be impeccable. Since the keyless security system works on batteries when operated as stand-alone system, a low power design is very much desired. In our approach, depending on the states of RFID and PIR sensor outputs, access is given only to authorized persons, whose RFID tag data matches with that of the program memory of FPGA. Further, the power saving is achieved in the place and route phase. Here, we make use of simulated annealing for placement and lee maze router for routing. A comparison of initial and final placement is presented along with the power savings.

关键词： RFID PID Sensor Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Place and Route Simulated Annealing lee algorithm Low-Power design

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algorithm for Optical Handwritten Characters Recognition Based on Structural Components Extraction 11

Algorithm for Optical Handwritten Characters Recognition Bas...

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11th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST)

作者： Khaustov, P. A. Spitsyn, V. G. Maksimova, E. I. Tomsk Polytech Univ Inst Cybernet Dept Comp Engn Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509008551

The algorithm for character topology composition has been proposed. Metrics for character graphs comparison has been suggested. The proposed algorithm has been implemented in character processing application and has been approved on MNIST handwriting characters database and writing characters examples from the forms of a unified state exam.

关键词： Optical character recognition structural components skeletonization handwritten characters lee algorithm OCR

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algorithmic Aspects of Transport System Survivability Analysis 6

Algorithmic Aspects of Transport System Survivability Analys...

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INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES AND ApPLICATIONS (ITA)

作者： Lupin, Sergey Aung, Soe Moe Than, Ba Hla Grout, Vic Natl Res Univ Elect Technol Dept Comp Sci Moscow Russia Glyndwr Univ Comp Futures Wrexham Wales

ISBN: (纸本)9781479980369

This paper demonstrates the possibility of using the lee algorithm for evaluating survivability of transport systems. The proposed method allows for determination of the critical sections of transport networks. A section of the Welsh transport infrastructure has been used as an example to investigate the functionality of the method and its software implementation.

关键词： transport systems lee algorithm survivability analisis parallel computation

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A Reduced Search Soft-Output Detection algorithm and Its Application to Turbo-Equalization

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Journal of Southeast University(English Edition) 2001年第1期17卷 8-12页

作者：樊祥宁窦怀宇毕光国东南大学无线电工程系南京210096

To decrease the complexity of MAP algorithm, reduced state or reduced search techniques can be applied. In this paper we propose a reduced search soft output detection algorithm fully based on the principle of M algorithm for turbo equalization, which is a suboptimum version of the lee algorithm. This algorithm is called soft output M algorithm (denoted as SO M algorithm), which applies the M strategy to both the forward recursion and the extended forward recursion of the lee algorithm. Computer simulation results show that, by properly selecting and adjusting the breadth parameter and depth parameter during the iteration of turbo equalization, this algorithm can obtain good performance and complexity trade off.

关键词： MAP algorithm lee algorithm soft output M algorithm turbo equalization

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