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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE 2006年第2期23卷 154-+页

作者： Atal, BS 3dB Labs Inc.

This paper recollects the events that led to proposing the linear prediction coding (LPC) method, then the multipulse LPC and the code-excited LPC.

关键词： history linear predictive coding code-excited LPC linear prediction coding multipulse LPC linear prediction

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CNN: A speaker recognition system using a cascaded neural network

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MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 1996年第1期7卷 87-99页

作者： Zaki, M Ghalwash, A Elkouny, AA MIL TECH COLL CAIROEGYPT AIR DEF COLL CAIROEGYPT

This work includes the design and implementation of both conventional, and neural network approaches to recognition of the speakers templates which are introduced to the system via a voice master card and preprocessed before extracting the features used in the recognition. The conclusion is that the system performance in case of neural network is better than that of the conventional one, achieving a smooth degradation when dealing with noisy patterns and higher performance when dealing with noise-free patterns.

关键词： speaker recognition neural network linear prediction coding cepstrum analysis unsupervised learning Kohonen's self organising map

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Compressing animated meshes with fine details using local spectral analysis and deformation transfer

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VISUAL COMPUTER 2020年第5期36卷 1029-1042页

作者： Chen, Chengju Xia, Qing Li, Shuai Qin, Hong Hao, Aimin Beihang Univ State Key Lab Virtual Real Technol & Syst Beijing Peoples R China SUNY Stony Brook Dept Comp Sci New York NY USA

Geometry-centric shape animation, usually represented as dynamic meshes with fixed connectivity and time-deforming geometry, is becoming ubiquitous in digital entertainment and other relevant graphics applications. However, digital animation with fine details, which requires more diversity of texture on meshed geometry, always consumes a significant amount of storage space, and compactly storing and efficiently transmitting these meshes still remain technically challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel key-frame-based dynamic meshes compression method, wherein we decompose the meshes into the low-frequency and high-frequency parts by applying piece-wise manifold harmonic bases to reduce spatial-temporal redundancy of primary poses and by using deformation transfer to recover high-frequency details. First of all, we partition the animated meshes into several clusters with similar poses, and the primary poses of meshes in each cluster can be characterized as a linear combination of manifold harmonic bases derived from the key-frame of that cluster. Second, we recover the geometric details on each primary pose using the deformation transfer technique which reconstructs the details from the key-frames. Thus, we only need to store a very small number of key-frames and a few harmonic coefficients for compressing time-varying meshes, which would reduce a significant amount of storage in contrast with traditional methods where bases were stored explicitly. Finally, we employ the state-of-the-art static mesh compression method to store the key-frames and apply a second-order linear prediction coding to the harmonics coefficients to further reduce the spatial-temporal redundancy. Our comprehensive experiments and thorough evaluations on various datasets have manifested that, our novel method could obtain a high compression ratio while preserving high-fidelity geometry details and guaranteeing limited human perceived distortion rate simultaneously, as quantitatively chara

关键词： Animated mesh compression Manifold harmonic basis Deformation transfer linear prediction coding

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Impact of network routing on the end-to-end transmission quality of cellular and PCS connections

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 1998年第4期47卷 1227-1233页

作者： Dimolitsas, S Corcoran, FL Ravishankar, C Comsat Labs Clarksburg MD 20871 USA

Long-distance and especially international calls involve an increasing number of multilink circuits of cellular, personal communications, mobile satellite, and public switched telephone network (PSTN)-type connections incorporating a variety of speech coding devices, In particular, the rapid growth of cellular communications and the impeding emergence of personal communication systems (PCS's) has highlighted the need to characterize the quality of end-to-end connections when cellular and PCS terminals are connected over the PSTN. At the same time, the nonlinear nature of low-rate parametric speech coding has rendered unsuitable known analytical methods for estimating end-to-end quality of interconnected networks. Instead, quantification of transmission performance requires direct subjective evaluation of the pertinent connections of interest. In this paper, the quality of North American, Japanese, and European digital cellular and PCS terminals is quantified when these are interconnected using 16-kb/s low-delay code-excited linear prediction (LD-CELP) and 32-kb/s adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) facilities. From these assessments, it can be concluded that digital cellular networks may meet end-to-end transmission planning criteria when interconnected with the switched network as long as calls are terminated to a wired terminal.

关键词： adaptive codes adaptive modulation cellular radio delays differential pulse code modulation digital radio internetworking linear predictive coding mobile satellite communication personal communication networks speech coding telecommunication network plan cellular radio Personal communication networks end-to-end transfer differential pulse code modulation Information Network Transmission Characteristics Digital radio mobile satellite communication linear prediction coding Network routing Adaptive coding speech coding Personal communication systems adaptive modulation internetworking

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T cell chemotaxis to lysophosphatidylcholine through the G2A receptor

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2004年第1期101卷 245-250页

作者： Radu, CG Yang, LV Riedinger, M Au, M Witte, ON Univ Calif Los Angeles Howard Hughes Med Inst Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

G2A is an immunoregulatory G protein-coupled receptor predominantly expressed in lymphocytes and macrophages. Ectopic overexpression studies have implicated G2A as a receptor for the bioactive lysophospholipid, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). However, the functional consequences of LPC-G2A interaction at physiological levels of receptor expression, and in a cellular context relevant to its immunological role, remain largely unknown. Here, we show impaired chemotaxis to LPC of a T lymphoid cell line in which G2A expression was chronically down-regulated by RNA interference technology. Rescuing this phenotype by reconstitution of the physiological level of receptor expression further supports a functional connection between LPC-G2A interaction and cellular motility. Overexpression of G2A in the T lymphoid cell line significantly enhanced chemotaxis to LPC. It also modified migration toward the LPC-related molecule, lysophosphatidic acid, indicating the possibility of crosstalk between G2A and endogenous lysophosphatidic acid receptors. The role of G2A in LPC-mediated cell migration may be relevant to the autoimmune syndrome associated with genetic inactivation of this G protein-coupled receptor in mice. The experimental system described here can be useful for understanding the structural requirements for LPC recognition by G2A and the signaling pathways regulated by this ligand-receptor pair.

关键词： Protein-coupled receptor Short-interfering rnas Mammalian-cells Ligand Expression Activation System Sphingosylphosphorylcholine Apoptosis Motility Lymphoid cell lines receptor expression GPR132 gene sphingosine phosphorylcholine Chemotaxis G2A receptor linear prediction coding Lysophosphatidylcholines Mammalian cells Locomotion G-Protein-Coupled Receptors

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Recognition of two psychological conditions of a single cow by her voice

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COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE 2008年第1期62卷 67-72页

作者： Ikeda, Yoshio Ishii, Yohei Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Agr Div Environm Sci & Technol Kyoto 6068502 Japan Sanyo Elect Co Ltd Human Ecol Res Ctr Tokyo Japan

A study was made to recognize the changes in the vocalization of a cow under two types of psychologically stressed conditions-being hungry before feeding, and being separated from her calf for weaning. The change of the spectral structure of the voice signal was used to recognize these two conditions. The lowest six resonant frequencies of the voice signals recorded for the hunger condition were higher than those for the separation, and almost all vocalizations for these two conditions could be recognized by the linear discriminant analysis of the resonant frequencies. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： vocalization individual cow resonant frequency hunger weaning linear prediction coding

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Gain-optimized spectral distortions for pronunciation training

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OPTIMIZATION LETTERS 2022年第7期16卷 2095-2113页

作者： Savchenko, Andrey V. Savchenko, Vladimir V. Savchenko, Lyudmila V. HSE Univ Lab Algorithms & Technol Network Anal Nizhnii Novgorod Russia Nizhny Novgorod State Linguist Univ Nizhnii Novgorod Russia HSE Univ Nizhnii Novgorod Russia

This paper considers an assessment and evaluation of speech sound pronunciation quality in computer-aided language learning systems. We examine the gain optimization of spectral distortion measures between the speech signals of a native speaker and a learner. During training, a learner has to achieve stable pronunciation of all sounds. This is measured by computing the distances between the sounds produced by the learner and the model speaker. In order to improve pronunciation, it is proposed to adapt the linear prediction coding coefficients of reference sounds by using the gradient descent optimization of the gain-optimized dissimilarity. As a result, we demonstrate the possibility of synthesizing sounds that will be either close to the model pronunciation or achievable by a learner. An experimental study shows that the proposed procedure leads to high efficiency for pronunciation training even in the presence of noise in the observed utterance.

关键词： Computer-aided language learning Computer-assisted pronunciation tool Speech quality assessment Itakura-Saito divergence Gain optimization linear prediction coding Autoregressive model

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ANALYSIS OF RAPID LIGHT-INDUCED POTENTIAL CHANGE IN CELLS OF CHARA-CORALLINA

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PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY 1986年第5期27卷 895-902页

作者： MIMURA, T TAZAWA, M UNIV TOKYO FAC SCI DEPT BOT TOKYO 113 JAPAN

Perfused Chara cells were used to measure the rapid-light-induced potential change (rapid LPC) caused by activation of a K+ channel in the plasma membrane through photosynthesis in the presence of various photosynthetic inhibitors. The rapid LPC was inhibited by DCMU [diuron] but recovered on addition of phenazinemethosulfate (PMS) in the presence of DCMU. Carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) stimulated the rapid LPC. DCCD [dicyclohexylcarbodiimide] partially inhibited the rapid LPC with a partial inhibition of oxygen evolution. It is concluded that both cyclic and noncyclic electron flows are coupled with the rapid LPC. To understand the mechanism of K+ channel activation by photosynthetic electron flow, the rapid LPC was measured under continuous internal perfusion. It was suggested that a diffusible substance was not released from chloroplasts, since vigorous continuous perfusion did not inhibit the rapid LPC. The suggestion that the rapid LPC is caused by changes in surface charge density of chloroplasts was supported by the fact that the rapid LPC was inhibited by increasing the ionic strength of the perfusion medium.

关键词： PCSK7 gene Plasma membrane cyclic Perfusion Inhibition surface charge density Ionic Strength oxygen production Photosynthesis Diuron Analysis Corallina linear prediction coding electron transfer chloroplasts

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A vocal tract visualisation tool for a computer-based speech training aid for hearing-impaired individuals

A vocal tract visualisation tool for a computer-based speech...

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1st International Conference on Bio-Inspired Systems and Signal Processing

作者： Mahdi, Abdulhussain E. Univ Limerick Dept Elect & Comp Engn Limerick Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789898111180

This paper describes a computer-based software prototype tool for visualisation of the vocal-tract, during speech articulation, by means of a mid-sagittal view of the human head. The vocal tract graphics are generated by estimating both the area functions and the formant frequencies from the acoustic speech signal. First, it is assumed that the speech production process is an autoregressive model. Using a linear prediction analysis, the vocal tract area functions and the first three formants are estimated. The estimated area functions are then mapped to corresponding mid-sagittal distances and displayed as 2D vocal tract lateral graphics. The mapping process is based on a simple numerical algorithm and an accurate reference grid derived from x-rays for the pronunciation of a number English vowels uttered by different speakers. To compensate for possible errors in the estimated area functions due to variation in vocal tract length between speakers, the first two sectional distances are determined by the three formants. Experimental results show high correlation with x-ray data and the PARAFAC analysis. The tool also displays other speech parameters that are closely related to the production of intelligible speech and hence would be useful as a visual feedback aid for speech training of hearing-impaired individuals.

关键词： speech production vocal tract models articulatory training linear prediction coding

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MELP Decoder Implementation on Zynq Kit by High Level Synthesis 3

MELP Decoder Implementation on Zynq Kit by High Level Synthe...

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International Conference on Current Trends in Computer, Electrical, Electronics and Communication (CTCEEC)

作者： Shivanagi, Shashidhar Koushik, M. Qumar, Jawed Gupta, Gaurav Saravanan, D. TTPL Bangalore Bengaluru India DRDO Bengaluru CABS Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538632437

MELP (Mixed Excitation linear prediction) is the improvement of LPC (linear Predictive coding). This is to overcome some of the limitations of LPC. It is one of speech compression and decompression algorithm. The Federal standard MELP speech coder is known to provide a good quality decoded speech. The MELP Vocoder decoding part is implemented on ZYNQ-7 ZC706 using Vivado HLS and synthesized the same using the Vivado. The results of Vivado HLS and Vivado are compared.

关键词： Mixed Excitation linear prediction Vivado HLS Vivado linear prediction coding

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