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检索条件"主题词=Linear Predictive coding"

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Unknown-multiple signal source clustering problem using ergodic HMM and applied to speaker classification

Unknown-multiple signal source clustering problem using ergo...

引用

International Conference on Spoken Language, ICSLP

作者： J. Murakami M. Sugiyama H. Watanabe Information and Communication Systems Laboratories NTT Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Aizu Japan

The authors consider signals originated from a sequence of sources. More specifically, the problems of segmenting such signals and relating the segments to their sources are addressed. This issue has wide applications in many fields. The report describes a resolution method that is based on an ergodic hidden Markov model (HMM), in which each HMM state corresponds to a signal source. The signal source sequence can be determined by using a decoding procedure (Viterbi algorithm or forward algorithm) over the observed sequence. Baum-Welch training is used to estimate HMM parameters from the training material. As an example of the multiple signal source classification problem, an experiment is performed on unknown speaker classification. The results show a classification rate of 79% for 4 male speakers. The results also indicate that the model is sensitive to the initial values of the ergodic HMM and that employing the long-distance LPC cepstrum is effective for signal preprocessing.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Loudspeakers Speech Viterbi algorithm Parameter estimation linear predictive coding Cepstrum Computer science Laboratories Electronic mail

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Selective error protection of ITU-T G.729 codec for digital cellular channels

Selective error protection of ITU-T G.729 codec for digital ...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： K. Swaminathan A.R. Hammons M. Austin Hughes Network Systems Inc. Germantown MD USA BellSouth Cellular Corporation Atlanta GA USA

The recently adopted ITU-T G.729 8 kbps codec standard's performance is evaluated for digital cellular channels that are characterized by Rayleigh fading. Two forward error correction schemes (FEC) are studied. They are the convolutional code based FEC and the Nordstrom Robinson based FEC. The effects of interleaving depth are investigated for both FEC schemes. Both flat fading as well as co-channel interference limited models are used in our study.

关键词： Protection Codecs Forward error correction Speech linear predictive coding Distortion measurement Cellular networks Rayleigh channels Convolutional codes Interleaved codes

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A new line spectrum pair representation for spectral envelope quantization

A new line spectrum pair representation for spectral envelop...

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MILCOM, Military Communications Conference

作者： Won Cheol Lee Myung Jin Bae Information and Telecommunication Department College of Engineering Soongsil University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780336828

This paper introduces a new parametric formulation for the line spectrum pairs representation. Due to its robustness against to quantization, LSPs are widely utilized as an alternative of the LPC parameters. In the conventional method, the explicit formula having a fixed order has been employed for computing the LSP parameters where the vocal track information is embedded on. Subsequently, the LSP parameters are quantized into a priori assigned number of bits. To provide the flexibility on bit allocation for the LSP parameters, this paper proposes a new explicit LSP representation such that the spectral envelope component is represented in terms of the reduced number of LSPs without causing any major spectral distortions. This invokes the reduction on the bit allocation for the LSP parameters, and provides the ability of quantizing the spectral envelope at a variable bit rate depending on the characteristics of the framed speech. Simulation results are presented to show the validity of the proposed formulation.

关键词： Quantization Speech Bit rate Poles and zeros linear predictive coding Robustness Educational institutions Embedded computing Dynamic range Frequency

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Interpolation-based differential vector coding of speech LSF parameters

Interpolation-based differential vector coding of speech LSF...

引用

IEEE Conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： L. Martins da Silva A. Alcaim CETUC Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This paper presents a new strategy to encode the LPC spectral envelope of speech. The proposed scheme uses an interpolation-based differential vector coding of the LSF parameters in order to better track the temporal variations of the speech short-time spectral envelope. Two consecutive sets of LSF parameters are simultaneously encoded during each speech frame. Simulation results show major improvements over techniques that vector quantize a single set of LSF parameters per frame.

关键词： Speech coding linear predictive coding Bit rate Nonlinear filters Interpolation Quantization predictive models Information filtering Information filters Speech analysis

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A new voice transformation method based on both linear and nonlinear prediction analysis

A new voice transformation method based on both linear and n...

引用

International Conference on Spoken Language, ICSLP

作者： Ki Seung Lee Dae Hee Youn Il Whan Cha Center for Signal Processing Research Department of Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780335554

We describe a voice transformation method which changes the source speaker's acoustic features to those of a target speaker. In the method acoustic features are divided into two parts, linear and nonlinear parts. linear parts are characterized by LPC cepstrum coefficients which are obtained from LP analysis. The nonlinear part, which represents the excitation signal, is modelled by the long-delay nonlinear predictor using a neural net. Conversion rules for the excitation signal are generated by the average pitch ratio and the mapping codebook, and those for LPC cepstrum coefficients are based on the orthogonal vector space conversion. In addition, the spectral envelope compensation is proposed to correct spectral distortion. In the transformed speech a listening test shows that the proposed method makes it possible to convert speaker's individuality while maintaining high quality.

关键词： linear predictive coding Cepstrum Loudspeakers Nonlinear acoustics Cepstral analysis predictive models Neural networks Signal generators Signal mapping Acoustic distortion

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The application of sample-selective LPC method in standard CELP 4800 B/S speech coder

The application of sample-selective LPC method in standard C...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)

作者： M.Z. Markovic Institute of Applied Mathematics and Electronics Belgrade Serbia

The application of the sample-selective LPC method in standard CELP coder, U.S.A. FED STD 1016 4.8 kb/s, in sense of decreasing LPC spectral degradation compared to the standard LPC, methods is considered in the paper. Comparative experimental analysis is done referred to the results of three different spectral measures related to the RMS LOG spectral measure: likelihood ratios, cosh measure and cepstral distance. Presented experimental analysis justify the use of the proposed sample-selective LPC method in standard CELP speech coder.

关键词： linear predictive coding Code standards Robustness Cepstral analysis Speech analysis Speech coding Iterative algorithms Degradation Production systems Mathematics

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Signal modeling for speaker identification

Signal modeling for speaker identification

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Li Liu Jialong He G. Palm Abteilung Neuroinformatik University of Ulm (EBS) Ulm Germany

A large number of parameters, including pitch, LPCC, /spl Delta/LPCC, PARCOR, MFCC, /spl Delta/MFCC, and residual cepstrum (RCEP) were extracted from speech signals and their effectiveness for text-independent speaker identification was evaluated. In addition, the usefulness of two signal processing techniques, preemphasis and cepstral weighting, was also studied. The VQ-based speaker recognition method with codebooks fine-tuned by LVQ algorithm was used. It was shown that both LPCC and MFCC are effective representations, for smaller number of parameters, LPCC representation performs better but is surpassed by MFCC if the analysis order is larger. Pitch is an independent parameter so that it can be used jointly with other spectral features. In an evaluation experiment, the correct identification rate for 112 male speakers with test utterances of less than one second reached 98.2%.

关键词： Signal processing Cepstral analysis Speech analysis linear predictive coding Speaker recognition Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Cepstrum Speech recognition Signal processing algorithms Equations

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Formant Detection Through Instantaneous-frequency Estimation Using Recursive Least Square Algorithm

Formant Detection Through Instantaneous-frequency Estimation...

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International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： S. Ghaemmaghami M. Deriche B. Boashash Signal Processing Research Centre Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia

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LPC based multispectral compression techniques applied to optical imaging spectrometer instruments

LPC based multispectral compression techniques applied to op...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： D. Giunta S. Gonnelli On-board Image and Signal Proc. Section ESA ESTEC Noordwijk Netherlands Vitrociset Space Division On-board Image and Signal Proc. Section ESA ESTEC Noordwijk Netherlands

An internal study has been carried out at ESTEC/WSP (Onboard Image and Signal Processing Section) about compression of synthetic optical multispectral images which will reflect characteristics of future satellites' imagers. The images produced by these instruments are composed by up to 15 bands in the range of 400-1050 nm, with radiometric resolutions of 8-16 bpp and a spatial resolution of around 250-300 m. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a fast and simple onboard data compression process to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted to ground stations or to be stored on the satellites' on-board recorders.

关键词： linear predictive coding Optical signal processing Image coding Satellite broadcasting Spatial resolution Multispectral imaging Instruments Radiometry Image resolution Signal resolution

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Time-frequency representation based cepstral processing for speech recognition

Time-frequency representation based cepstral processing for ...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： A.B. Fineberg K.C. Yu Lexicus Division Motorola Palo Alto CA USA

Both linear predictive coding (LPC) and mel scale frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) analysis, the most common techniques for speech recognition signal processing, make the assumption that the speech signal is stationary for some analysis window and produce a representation based upon the "stationary" frequency content within the window. This work uses a technique based upon Cohen's (1989) class of generalized time frequency representations (TFR) to produce selected frequency representations that are not based upon an assumption of stationarity. This representation is used in a speech recognition system to produce improved accuracy. The proposed approach requires a kernel design to specify the attributes of the representations. The considerations used for analyzing speech signals and the resulting attributes are discussed. Comparisons with standard analysis techniques are presented. The significant computational requirements are also discussed.

关键词： Time frequency analysis Cepstral analysis Speech processing Speech analysis Signal analysis linear predictive coding Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Speech recognition Signal processing Speech coding

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