检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Sparsity in an artificial neural network predicts beauty: Towards a model of processing-based aesthetics

PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY 2023年第12期19卷 e1011703页

作者： Dibot, Nicolas M. Tieo, Sonia Mendelson, Tamra C. Puech, William Renoult, Julien P. Univ Montpellier CNRS IRD CEFEEPHE Montpellier France Univ Montpellier LIRMM CNRS Montpellier France Univ Maryland Dept Biol Sci Baltimore MD USA

Generations of scientists have pursued the goal of defining beauty. While early scientists initially focused on objective criteria of beauty ('feature-based aesthetics'), philosophers and artists alike have since proposed that beauty arises from the interaction between the object and the individual who perceives it. The aesthetic theory of fluency formalizes this idea of interaction by proposing that beauty is determined by the efficiency of information processing in the perceiver's brain ('processing-based aesthetics'), and that efficient processing induces a positive aesthetic experience. The theory is supported by numerous psychological results, however, to date there is no quantitative predictive model to test it on a large scale. In this work, we propose to leverage the capacity of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) to model the processing of information in the brain by studying the link between beauty and neuronal sparsity, a measure of information processing efficiency. Whether analyzing pictures of faces, figurative or abstract art paintings, neuronal sparsity explains up to 28% of variance in beauty scores, and up to 47% when combined with a feature-based metric. However, we also found that sparsity is either positively or negatively correlated with beauty across the multiple layers of the DCNN. Our quantitative model stresses the importance of considering how information is processed, in addition to the content of that information, when predicting beauty, but also suggests an unexpectedly complex relationship between fluency and beauty. Developing good predictive models of beauty requires understanding what happens in the brain when we find a person or an artwork beautiful. Recent theories in psychology emphasize the importance of considering how the brain processes features, in addition to the features themselves. Features that are efficiently processed by the brain, such as symmetry, fractality, or naturalness are generally perceived as visually a

关键词： Information processing Convolution Vision Emotions Photography Principal component analysis Psychological attitudes linear regression analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

DNA methylome-based validation of induced sputum as an effective protocol to study lung immunity: construction of a classifier of pulmonary cell types

引用

EPIGENETICS 2021年第8期17卷 882-893页

作者： Das, Jyotirmoy Idh, Nina Sikkeland, Liv Ingunn Bjoner Paues, Jakob Lerm, Maria Linkoping Univ Fac Med & Hlth Sci Dept Biomed & Clin Sci Div Inflammat & Infect Linkoping Sweden Univ Oslo Riks Hosp Dept Resp Med Oslo Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Riks Hosp Dept Resp Med Oslo Norway Linkoping Univ Fac Med & Hlth Sci Dept Biomed & Clin Sci Div Infect Dis Linkoping Sweden

Flow cytometry is a classical approach used to define cell types in peripheral blood. While DNA methylation signatures have been extensively employed in recent years as an alternative to flow cytometry to define cell populations in peripheral blood, this approach has not been tested in lung-derived samples. Here, we compared bronchoalveolar lavage with a more cost-effective and less invasive technique based on sputum induction and developed a DNA methylome-based algorithm that can be used to deconvolute the cell types in such samples. We analysed the DNA methylome profiles of alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes cells isolated from the pulmonary compartment. The cells were isolated using two different methods, sputum induction and bronchoalveolar lavage. A strong positive correlation between the DNA methylome profiles of cells obtained with the two isolation methods was found. We observed the best correlation of the DNA methylomes when both isolation methods captured cells from the lower parts of the lungs. We also identified unique patterns of CpG methylation in DNA obtained from the two cell populations, which can be used as a signature to discriminate between the alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes by means of open-source algorithms. We validated our findings with external data and obtained results consistent with the previous findings. Our analysis opens up a new possibility to identify different cell populations from lung samples and promotes sputum induction as a tool to study immune cell populations from the lung.

关键词： Bronchoalveolar lavage sputum induction DNA methylation linear regression analysis lung cell deconvolution

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Epidemiology and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections caused byPseudomonas aeruginosa

引用

JOURNAL OF CHEMOTHERAPY 2021年第5期33卷 294-301页

作者： Folic, Marko M. Djordjevic, Zorana Folic, Nevena Radojevic, Marija Zivkovic Jankovic, Slobodan M. Clin Ctr Kragujevac Clin Pharmacol Dept Kragujevac Serbia Univ Kragujevac Fac Med Sci Kragujevac Serbia Clin Ctr Kragujevac Dept Hosp Infect Control 30 Zmaj Jovina St Kragujevac 34000 Serbia Clin Ctr Kragujevac Pediat Clin Kragujevac Serbia Clin Ctr Kragujevac Ctr Oncol & Radiol Kragujevac Serbia

Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) is a globally recognized cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of our cross-sectional study, conducted in a Serbian tertiary care hospital, was to investigate clinical characteristics of HAIs caused by the PA, the prevalence of various drug-resistant phenotypes of this pathogen, and risk factors for their occurrence. Prolonged ICU stay and previous carbapenem administration were independent risk factors for HAIs caused by carbapenem-resistant PA, while HAIs caused by multidrug-resistant PA were more frequent in patients with prolonged stay in an ICU, who were previously hospitalized at another department and previously treated with aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones or glycopeptides. The prolonged ICU stay was the only significant risk factor for HAIs caused by extensively drug-resistant PA. To decrease the incidence of HAIs caused by drug-resistant PA, a multifaceted approach is necessary, including staff education, antibiotic stewardship, improving hygiene, shortening hospitalization, and minimizing exposure to invasive medical procedures/devices.

关键词： Healthcare-associated infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa incidence density risk factors linear regression analysis inpatients

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Multiple regression Methods Based Core Rod Localization for Composite Insulators Images

Multiple Regression Methods Based Core Rod Localization for ...

引用

2025 International Conference on Electrical Automation and Artificial Intelligence, ICEAAI 2025

作者： Zheng, Zhihao Rao, Chengcheng Lin, Junsheng Yuan, Chao CSG Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Guangzhou China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506797

This study aims to detect the temperature rise of the core rod of composite insulators through infrared image thermography to assess their operating condition in the power system. Initially, the infrared images of composite insulators were preprocessed using image erosion to reduce the error of the skirt mask and highlight the core rod. Subsequently, linear regression methods were applied to the eroded images to separate the core rod and obtain its temperature distribution. The study compared four regression methods: ordinary least squares, ridge regression, Lasso regression, and Elastic Net regression, and evaluated the significance of the models using an F-test. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Composite Insulators Image Erosion Infrared Image Thermography linear regression analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Calibration and evaluation of Hargreaves-Samani equation for estimating reference evapotranspiration: A case study in the Amu Darya River Basin, Central Asia

引用

JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES 2023年 45卷

作者： Azzam, Abdullah Zhang, Wanchang Xu, Chi Khan, Zakria Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Key Lab Digital Earth Sci Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Int Res Ctr Big Data Sustainable Dev Goals Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Peshawar Ctr Disaster Preparedness & Management Peshawar Pakistan

Study region: Amu Darya River Basin (ADRB), Central Asia. Study focus: Reference-evapotranspiration (ETo) is the most prominent variable for agriculture water-resource management. The Penman-Monteith (PM) equation has been accepted as universal-standard for estimating ETo but it requires extensive climatic-variables. The PM alternative Hargreaves-Samani (HS) equation inadequately estimates ETo with an average error of RMSE 1.84 mm/day, NSE 0.27, and MAE 0.61 mm/day, respectively, in the ADRB. New hydrological insight for the region: The present study proposes the calibration of original HSequation based on actual vapor pressure and linear regression to estimate daily ETo at 114 meteorological stations in the ADRB. The locally-calibrated HS-equation coefficient (C) was found variated-widely across the different climatic-conditions and months, ranging from 0.0025 to 0.0186, due to hyper-aridity conditions in the study area. Compared with proposed methods by other studies, the modified-HS equation and empirical-coefficient using newly-proposed variable leads to a significant reduction of the average root means square error and mean absolute error by about 55 % and 52 %, respectively, demonstrates their feasibility and accuracy in the ADRB, Central Asia. In-addition, the modified-HS-equation based on climatic zones were found to be more accurate and comprehensive than geographical localizations. The modified-HS equation and empirical-coefficient using newly-proposed variable and approach is suitable to estimate ETo in a data scarce region (e.g., ADRB), when only temperatures, solar radiation and vapor pressure data are available.

关键词： Penman -Monteith Equation Calibration Approach Vapor Pressure linear regression analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Gestational age-related changes in relaxation times of neonatal brain by quantitative synthetic magnetic resonance imaging

引用

BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2023年第7期13卷 e3068页

作者： Dong, Yan Deng, Xianyu Xie, Meizhen Yu, Lan Qian, Long Chen, Ge Zhang, Yali Tang, Yanyun Zhou, Zhipeng Long, Liling Guangxi Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Radiol Nanning Peoples R China Guilin Med Univ Affiliated Hosp Dept Radiol Guilin Peoples R China Guilin Peoples Hosp Dept Cardiovasc Guilin Peoples R China Peking Univ Coll Engn Dept Biomed Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the correlation between T1 and T2 relaxation times of synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and gestational age (GA) in each hemisphere of preterm and term newborns at the initial 28 days of birth. MethodsSeventy preterm and full-term infants were prospectively included in this study. All subjects completed 3.0 T routine MRI and SyMRI (MAGiC) one-stop scanning within 28 days of birth (aged 34-42 W at examination). The SyMRI postprocessing software (v8.0.4) was used to measure the T1 and T2 relaxation values of each brain region. The linear regression equations of quantitative relaxation values with GA were established to compare the variation speed in each brain region. ResultsA significant linear and negative correlation was found between relaxation times and GA in the neonate cerebral cortex and subcortical gray and white matter regions (All p<.05). The relaxation time of the left centrum semiovale decreased with maximum variance with increasing GA among all white matter regions (T1: b = -51.45, beta = -0.65, p < .0001;T2: b = -8.77, beta = -0.71, p < .0001), whereas the right posterior limb of internal capsule showed minimal variance (T1: b = -27.94, beta = -0.60, p < .0001;T2: b = -3.25, beta = -0.68, p < .0001). Among all gray matter regions, the right globus pallidus and thalamus indicated the most significant decreasing degree of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA (right globus pallidus T1: b = -33.14, beta = -0.64, p < .0001;right thalamus T2: b = -3.94, beta = -0.81, p < .0001), and the right and left occipital lobes indicated the least significant decreasing degree of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA, respectively (right occipital lobes T1: b = -11.18, beta = -0.26, p = .028;left occipital lobes T2: b = -1.22, beta = -0.27, p = .024). ConclusionsSyMRI could quantitatively evaluate the linear changes of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA in brain gray and white matter of preterm and term neonates.

关键词： linear regression analysis newborn quantification of relaxation time synthetic MRI

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Necessary condition analysis has either low specificity or low sensitivity: Results from simulations and empirical analyses of grit, depression, and anxiety

引用

HELIYON 2023年第4期9卷 e14848页

作者： Sorjonen, Kimmo Melin, Bo Karolinska Inst Dept Clin Neurosci Stockholm Sweden Karolinska Inst Dept Clin Neurosci Div Psychol S-17165 Solna Sweden

Objectives: Initially the stated goal of Necessary Condition analysis (NCA) was to help identify conditions that are necessary but not sufficient for some outcome. However, later the developers of the test asserted that the test is for identifying if the association between two variables is characterized by some indeterminate type of non-randomness. The objective of the present study was to assess the ability of NCA to achieve its originally as well as its more newly stated objective. Furthermore, the performance of NCA was compared with the performance of ordinary linear regression ***: Data simulating various deviations from randomness as well as empirical data on grit, depression, and anxiety in the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) were analyzed with NCA and with linear ***: For its initially stated objective, NCA displayed low specificity. For its more newly stated objective, NCA exhibited low sensitivity. Ordinary linear regression analysis was better than NCA at identifying non-random associations, especially negative ***: There does not appear to exist any convincing reasons to use the significance test in NCA instead of ordinary linear regression analysis. There appears to be confusion about how results from NCA should be interpreted, maybe even among the developers of the test.

关键词： linear regression analysis Necessary condition analysis (NCA) Sensitivity Specificity Statistical performance

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Disentangling choice value and choice conflict in sequential decisions under risk

引用

PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY 2022年第10期18卷 e1010478页

作者： Fontanesi, Laura Shenhav, Amitai Gluth, Sebastian Univ Basel Dept Psychol Basel Switzerland Brown Univ Dept Cognit Linguist & Psychol Sci Providence RI USA Univ Hamburg Dept Psychol Hamburg Germany

Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in understanding the neural and cognitive dynamics that drive sequential decision making in general and foraging behavior in particular. Due to the intrinsic properties of most sequential decision-making paradigms, however, previous research in this area has suffered from the difficulty to disentangle properties of the decision related to (a) the value of switching to a new patch versus, which increases monotonically, and (b) the conflict experienced between choosing to stay or leave, which first increases but then decreases after reaching the point of indifference between staying and switching. Here, we show how the same problems arise in studies of sequential decision-making under risk, and how they can be overcome, taking as a specific example recent research on the 'pig' dice game. In each round of the 'pig' dice game, people roll a die and accumulate rewards until they either decide to proceed to the next round or lose all rewards. By combining simulation-based dissections of the task structure with two experiments, we show how an extension of the standard paradigm, together with cognitive modeling of decision-making processes, allows to disentangle properties related to either switch value or choice conflict. Our study elucidates the cognitive mechanisms of sequential decision making and underscores the importance of avoiding potential pitfalls of paradigms that are commonly used in this research area. Author summaryA large body of work has investigated how people make sequential decisions under risk. For instance, how people decide whether to continue gambling for potentially greater rewards or to cash in to avoid losing everything. Here, we identify a critical confound in this line of research, between (a) the value of switching and (b) the amount of conflict between choosing to stay or switch. Using a previously proposed paradigm (i.e., the pig dice game) as an example, we replicated behavior from a recent stu

关键词： Decision making Foraging linear regression analysis Behavior Probability distribution Experimental design regression analysis Normal distribution

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Supervised Machine Learning Modelling of Demand for Outpatient Health-Care Services in Kenya using Artificial Neural Networks and regression Decision Trees 22

Supervised Machine Learning Modelling of Demand for Outpatie...

引用

22nd International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT)

作者： Pius, Assumpta Mbatha Ogada, Kennedy Mwalili, Tobias Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol Dept Comp & Informat Technol Nairobi Kenya

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419956

Machine learning models are frequently gaining wide applications in different fields with an emphasis on supervised machine learning for data exploration as in healthcare provision. With an increase in demand for outpatient health care services in Kenya, the Government is faced with the problem of forecasting this type of demand. Its in this regard that this research develops a supervised machine learning model for the modeling and prediction of demand for outpatient health-care services in Kenya using artificial neural networks, linear regression analysis and Decision trees. The objectives of this research were to analyze, develop and evaluate machine learning models in the modeling of outpatient healthcare data. Model evaluation was via the deviance residuals and mean squared error. Data used in this research was secondary data obtained from the Kenya Household Health Expenditure Utilization Survey, 2017 in which the R statistical software was used to aid the analysis. A total of nine thousand one hundred and fifty-nine outpatients were used in the research and data attributes were age, gender, cost of outpatient health care sought and number of visits made by the outpatients. Experiment results showed that age and gender of an outpatient were significant factors in the estimation and forecasting of demand for outpatient healthcare services for which the neural network architecture was used in the data training. Cost and Visits were used as primary variables in decision tree construction for the classification and regression decision trees respectively.

关键词： Supervised Machine Learning Outpatient health-care Demand Artificial Neural Networks linear regression analysis Decision Trees

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rapid detection of phenytoin sodium by partial-least squares and linear regression models combined with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

引用

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL analysis 2023年 223卷 115160页

作者： Wen, Yinghui Wang, Xueyan Li, Dongguo Zhang, Qinyan Deng, Binge Chen, Yu Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Stomatol State Key Lab Oral Dis Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Sch Pharm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Medx Engn Res Ctr Sch Biomed Engn Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for quantitative analysis is challenging owing to the unstable enhanced effect. However, it can be improved by combining it with chemometrics. In this study, we established a quantitative analysis method for phenytoin sodium (PS) based on partial least-squares (PLS) and linear regression (LR) models combined with SERS. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were optimally enhanced substrates for PS. 180 PS samples in the concentration range of 0.98 - 980 mu g mL-1 were used to establish a quantitative prediction model by PLS regression, and an accurate and robust prediction was achieved. Furthermore, we found that SERS peak intensity showed a good linear correlation with the concentration of PS in the concentration range of 1 - 80 mu g mL -1. After using P-mercaptobenzoic acid as an internal standard, the accuracy and precision of the LR model were significantly improved compared with that of the model without an internal standard. In general, PLS chemometrics and LR model with internal standard which were combined with SERS in this paper provide new possible analytical methods for analytes to develop a rapid and sensitive quantitative analysis method.

关键词： Quantitative analysis Phenytoin sodium Partial least -squares analysis linear regression analysis Surface -enhanced Raman spectroscopy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：