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检索条件"主题词=Linear predictive coding"

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A candidate coder for the ITU-T's new wideband speech coding standard

A candidate coder for the ITU-T's new wideband speech coding...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Juin-Hwey Chen AT and T Research Laboratories USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818679190

This paper presents AT&T's candidate coder for the ITU-T's new wideband speech coding standard at 16, 24 and 32 kb/s. This coder achieves high speech quality with a low coder complexity. The basic idea of the coder is to perform closed-loop pitch prediction on perceptually weighted speech, and then quantize the prediction residual using perceptually based transform coding techniques. A first version of the coder based on DFT was thoroughly tested and submitted to the ITU-T in February 1996, and it was selected as one of two surviving candidates to advance to the next phase. A revised version based on MDCT was later submitted in October 1996. Both versions are described.

关键词： Wideband Speech coding Code standards Filters linear predictive coding Discrete Fourier transforms Transform coding Testing Standardization Signal sampling

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Harmonic vector excitation coding of speech at 2.0 kbps

Harmonic vector excitation coding of speech at 2.0 kbps

引用

IEEE Workshop on Speech coding For Telecommunications

作者： L. Nishiguchi K. Iijima J. Matsumoto Architecture Laboratories Sonv Corporation Minato Tokyo Japan

A low rate speech coding algorithm, harmonic vector excitation coding (HVXC) is proposed for MPEG-4 standardization, in which an efficient coding scheme based on harmonic and stochastic vector representation of linear predictive coding (LPC) residuals is employed. A combination of weighted vector quantization of harmonic spectral envelope of LPC residual signal for voiced segments and vector excitation coding for unvoiced segments provides good speech duality at very low bit rates. MPEG-4 formal listening tests in December 95 showed that the subjective speech quality of HVXC at 2.0 kbps was better than that of FS1016 4.8 kbps CELP.

关键词： Speech coding linear predictive coding Distortion measurement MPEG 4 Standard Shape measurement Vector quantization Bit rate Acoustic noise Weight measurement Decoding

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CD-HMM algorithm performance for speaker identification on an Italian database

CD-HMM algorithm performance for speaker identification on a...

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International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing

作者： C. Caini P. Salmi A.V. Coralli Dipartimento di Elettronica Informatica e Sistemistica University of Bologna Bologna Italy

The focus of this work is on the performance analysis of a text dependent closed set speaker identification system for the Italian language. Two identification algorithms, based on LPC and LPC-cepstral feature extractors followed by a continuous density hidden Markov model (CD-HMM) classifier, have been implemented and tested on the Italian database SIVA the MUSER. The database consists of 360 phone calls made by 20 different male speakers from different Italian regions. The false identification probability for the two algorithms has been evaluated for different training sets, different spoken words and a variable number of states of the CD-HMM classifier. Results show that, in any of the considered conditions, the LPC-cepstral based system performs better than the LPC based one and that, in the best working condition, the false identification probability turns out to be of the order of 1.5 per cent.

关键词： Speech analysis linear predictive coding Spatial databases Feature extraction Hidden Markov models Employee welfare Speaker recognition System testing Performance analysis Natural languages

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linear predictive analysis of noisy speech

Linear predictive analysis of noisy speech

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IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing

作者： Qifang Zhao T. Shimamura J. Suzuki Department of Information and Computer Sciences Saitama University Urawa Saitama Japan

New methods are proposed to improve the robustness of the linear predictive (LPC) analysis of speech to noise. These methods are developed based on the concept of noise compensation. By subtracting the noise power from the autocorrelation function of speech iteratively, the proposed methods achieve success in both reducing the bias of the LPC coefficients and guaranteeing the stability of the LPC inverse filter.

关键词： Speech analysis Speech enhancement linear predictive coding Autocorrelation Equations Noise reduction Noise robustness Stability White noise Acoustic reflection

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The generation of waveform fluctuation for the enhancement of the quality of sustained vowels

The generation of waveform fluctuation for the enhancement o...

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International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing

作者： N. Aoki T. Ifukube Research Institute of Electronic Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

It is indicated that the pitch-synchronous subtle waveform fluctuations of sustained vowels are the acoustic cue for the naturalness in case the sustained vowels do not include fundamental frequency fluctuations. From the viewpoint of speech synthesis, it is expected that the more naturally sounding sustained vowels can be synthesized by incorporating the appropriately modeled waveform fluctuations. In this study, the waveform fluctuations of the inverse-filtered normal sustained vowels were analyzed with the aim of high quality speech synthesis. The series of the analyses suggested that the waveform fluctuations could be modeled by the same rule for all speech samples obtained from ten male subjects. In addition, the psychoacoustic experiments confirmed the validity of the method which generates the completely artificial waveform fluctuations for the remarkable enhancement of the quality of sustained vowels.

关键词： Fluctuations Speech analysis Speech synthesis Psychoacoustic models Low pass filters Frequency Jitter linear predictive coding Nonlinear filters Psychology

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A variable rate multimodal speech coder with gain-matched analysis-by-synthesis

A variable rate multimodal speech coder with gain-matched an...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： E. Paksoy A. McCree V. Viswanathan Corporate Research Center Texas Instrumenits Inc. Dallas TX USA

In general, a variable rate coder can obtain the same speech quality as a fixed rate coder, while reducing the average bit rate. We have developed a variable-rate multimodal speech coder with an average bit rate of 3 kb/s for a speech activity factor of 80% and quality comparable to the GSM full rate coder. The coder has four coding modes and uses a robust classification method involving the pitch gain, zero crossings, and a peakiness measure. Also the coder employs a novel gain-matched analysis-by-synthesis technique for very low rate coding of unvoiced frames and an improved noise-level-dependent postfilter. This paper describes the details of our algorithm and presents the results from subjective listening tests.

关键词： Speech analysis Bit rate Speech coding Speech enhancement linear predictive coding GSM Gain measurement Steady-state Detectors Books

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Long-wavelength laser power converters for optical fibers

Long-wavelength laser power converters for optical fibers

引用

Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1997

作者： S.J. Wojtczuk Spire Corporation Bedford MA USA

Measured responsivity and illuminated I-V data are presented for III-V In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As-based photovoltaic cells with bandgaps of 1.42 eV (GaAs), 0.74 (lattice-matched In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As), and 0.55 eV ("extended" lattice-mismatched In/sub 0.7/Ga/sub 0.3/As) relevant to their application as laser power converters (LPCs) sensitive to infrared light out to a long cutoff wavelength of 2.3 /spl mu/m. The authors present an analysis that shows the optimum LPC size to use with a Gaussian illumination profile. They compare some of the tradeoffs of more complex multijunction LPCs with simpler single-junction LPCs used with commercial DC-DC power converter chips.

关键词： Fiber lasers Power lasers Optical fibers linear predictive coding Power measurement III-V semiconductor materials Photovoltaic cells Photonic band gap Gallium arsenide Laser applications

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High quality split band LPC vocoder operating at low bit rates

High quality split band LPC vocoder operating at low bit rat...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： I. Atkinson S. Yeldner A. Kondoz Centre for Communication Systems Research University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GB

LPC based speech coders operating at bit rates below 3.0 kbits/sec are usually associated with buzzy or metallic artefacts in the synthetic speech. These are mainly attributable to the simplifying assumptions made about the excitation source, which are usually required to maintain such low bit rates. A new LPC vocoder is presented which splits the LPC excitation into two frequency bands using a variable cut-off frequency. The lower band is responsible for representing the voiced parts of speech, whilst the upper band represents unvoiced speech. In doing so the coder's performance during both mixed voicing speech and speech containing acoustic noise is greatly improved, producing soft natural sounding speech. The paper also describes new parameter determination and quantisation techniques vital to the operation of this coder at such low bit rates.

关键词： linear predictive coding Vocoders Bit rate Speech enhancement Equations Cutoff frequency Acoustic noise Quantization Gaussian noise Robots

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A hierarchical bounding box method for searching the speech database for speech recognition

A hierarchical bounding box method for searching the speech ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE)

作者： Wai Tong Fung Shiu Yin Yuen Chi Hang Tse Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)0780343719

Speech recognition is an increasingly popular method for Chinese character input. A fast and reliable hierarchical bounding box method for searching the speech database is proposed. The method borrows from ideas in computer graphics, where the hierarchical bounding box concept is used for fast ray-object intersection tests (Hearn et al. 1997).

关键词： Databases Speech recognition linear predictive coding Computer graphics Testing Robustness Writing Data engineering Nearest neighbor searches predictive models

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On a spectral scaling technique for pitch control in the high-quality text-to-speech type system

On a spectral scaling technique for pitch control in the hig...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： JuimgGpie Cjimg MyungJin Bae Dept. of Telecommun. Eng. Soongsil Univ. Seoul South Korea Dpt. of Telecommunication Engr Soongsil University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780336941

Speech synthesis technique is classified into three groups; waveform coding, source coding and hybrid coding. Waveform coding and hybrid coding are used for sentence-based-synthesis by synthesis-by-analysis method; the difficulty of pitch altering makes them inappropriate for synthesis-by-rule. However, if it is possible to alter the pitch period when the waveform coding is used, synthesis-by-rule is available maintaining good intelligibility and naturalness comparable to the original speech. In this paper, we propose a new pitch alteration method that can change the pitch period in waveform coding by scaling the time-axis and where phase compensation is performed by using the zero-inserting and pitch-halving method.

关键词： Speech synthesis Speech coding Frequency domain analysis Time frequency analysis Cepstrum Telecommunication control Source coding Very large scale integration Packaging linear predictive coding

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