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Modeling of Laser Scanning System to Determine Its Associated Uncertainty of Measurement

MAPAN-JOURNAL OF METROLOGY SOCIETY OF INDIA 2010年第4期25卷 229-237页

作者： Chaudhary, K. P. Sanjid M, Arif Moitra, Shashi Ctr Sci Instruments Org New Delhi India CSIR New Delhi 110001 India

In the fabrication of fine wires such as filaments of lamps and optical fibers, it is always necessary to measure the diameter in real-time and correct the extrusion process. For metrological purposes, laser beam scanning technique will produce similar results as comparative to diffraction-assisted methods. A computerized laser beam scanning measurement system (LSM) is designed and fabricated. The LSM consists of a low power helium-neon gas laser source, a specially designed collimating lens, a hysteresis synchronous motor, a photo detector and a protective replaceable window along with temperature sensor. The LSM is mathematically modeled to identify various error contributing sources. The LSM is calibrated using a set of national reference standard cylindrical pins and a set of national reference standard slots to determine its relative calibration factor. The uncertainty of measurement achieved in the range of (0-35) mm is +/- (0.55 + 39.2L/m) mu m.

关键词： Filaments extrusion process Lamps Reference Standards Temperature Sensor Device Component linux security module measurement uncertainty laser beams laserscan Fine wire calibration factor Optical Fibers Modeling

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Development and evaluation of a nurse-led transient elastography service for the staging of hepatic fibrosis in patients with suspected chronic liver disease

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QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2012年第8期105卷 749-754页

作者： McCorry, R. B. Palaniyappan, N. Chivinge, A. Kaye, P. James, M. W. Aithal, G. P. Nottingham Univ Hosp NHS Trust Natl Inst Hlth Res Biomed Res Unit Dept HepatolQueens Med Ctr Nottingham NG7 2UH England

Background and Aims: Establishing the presence of fibrosis and cirrhosis is an essential step in the management of patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) based on transient elastography (TE) correlates well with the stages of liver fibrosis and has been developed as a noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy. The studies performed to date have used physician operators. With the potential use of TE for screening of communitybased populations for liver disease, we aimed to evaluate the performance of nurse operators. Design: Retrospective analysis. Design: Retrospective analysis. Methods: We reviewed the reliability and accuracy of LSMs performed by the nurse-led TE service at Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham between May 2009 and January 2011. Consecutive patients with suspected CLD who underwent LSM were included. Results: Over the study period 585 LSMs were performed. Analysis was performed on the 208 patients where LSM could be compared with liver biopsy findings. Of these 11 (5.3%) had unreliable LSM results (less than 10 valid shots or success rate < 60%). There were no LSM failures. Inadequate liver biopsy specimen led to exclusion in 26 (12.5%) patients. For the detection of significant fibrosis (Ishak stage > 2), a sensitivity of 0.78 and specificity of 0.81 was obtained, with a cut-off value of 8 kPa. Using a cut-off value of 13 kPa for detection of cirrhosis, a sensitivity and specificity of 0.8 and 0.92 was obtained. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that a nurse-led TE service can produce a low level of unreliable results and LSM failures, with comparable sensitivity and specificity for detecting significant fibrosis and cirrhosis to those reported in the literature. The demands on the use of TE could potentially be eased through the introduction of nurse-led service delivery.

关键词： Liver Fibrosis Staging Liver Diseases tellurium chronic liver disease linux security module liver biopsy Fibrosis

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Non-invasive assessment of liver graft fibrosis by transient elastography after liver transplantation

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CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013年第4期37卷 347-352页

作者： Barrault, Camille Roudot-Thoraval, Francoise Van Nhieu, Jeanne Tran Atanasiu, Calina Kluger, Michael D. Medkour, Fatiha Douvin, Catherine Mallat, Ariane Zafrani, Elie-Serge Cherqui, Daniel Duvoux, Christophe Hop Henri Mondor Liver Transplantat Unit F-94000 Creteil France Hop Henri Mondor Dept Publ Hlth F-94000 Creteil France Hop Henri Mondor Dept Pathol F-94000 Creteil France

Background: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) (FibroScan (R)) is a validated method of quantifying liver fibrosis in non-transplanted patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). It could be useful in follow-up after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of LSM in evaluating liver fibrosis after LT in patients with and without recurrent HCV. Patients and methods: Forty-three patients (mean age 57.6 +/- 9.9 years), 28 (65.1%) HCV-positive patients and 15 (34.9%) HCV-negative patients underwent gold standard liver biopsy and TE 55.8 +/- 4.9 months after transplantation. Liver fibrosis was scored on biopsy specimens according to METAVIR (F0-F4). Accuracy of TE and optimal stiffness cut-off values for fibrosis staging were determined by a receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Median stiffness values were significantly different for METAVIR score less than 2 (5.8 kPa) vs. METAVIR score greater to equal to 2 (9.6 kPa) (P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.83 for METAVIR score greater to equal to 2 (95%Cl: 0.71-0.95). The optimal stiffness cut-off value was 7 kPa for METAVIR scores greater to equal to 2. The results were similar whether the patients had recurrent HCV infection or not. Conclusions: These results indicate that transient elastography accurately identifies LT recipients with significant fibrosis, irrespective of HCV status. It is a promising non-invasive tool to assess graft fibrosis progression after LT in patients with HCV recurrence, as well as for screening of late graft fibrosis of other etiologies. Transient elastography could reduce the use of invasive protocol biopsies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Level Trigger Equal Fibrosis diagnosis quality/standard Liver Fibrosis linux security module ROC Curve Liver Transplantation tellurium transient elastography Patients

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A warm-season comparison of WRF coupled to the CLM4.0, Noah-MP, and Bucket hydrology land surface schemes over the central USA

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THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY 2018年第3-4期134卷 801-816页

作者： Van Den Broeke, Matthew S. Kalin, Andrew Alavez, Jose Abraham Torres Oglesby, Robert Hu, Qi Univ Nebraska Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci 306 Bessey Hall Lincoln NE 68588 USA NOAA Natl Weather Serv Spokane WA USA Univ Nebraska Sch Nat Resources Lincoln NE USA Daugherty Water Food Inst Lincoln NE USA

In climate modeling studies, there is a need to choose a suitable land surface model (LSM) while adhering to available resources. In this study, the viability of three LSM options (Community Land Model version 4.0 [CLM4.0], Noah-MP, and the five-layer thermal diffusion [Bucket] scheme) in the Weather Research and Forecasting model version 3.6 (WRF3.6) was examined for the warm season in a domain centered on the central USA. Model output was compared to Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) data, a gridded observational dataset including mean monthly temperature and total monthly precipitation. Model output temperature, precipitation, latent heat (LH) flux, sensible heat (SH) flux, and soil water content (SWC) were compared to observations from sites in the Central and Southern Great Plains region. An overall warm bias was found in CLM4.0 and Noah-MP, with a cool bias of larger magnitude in the Bucket model. These three LSMs produced similar patterns of wet and dry biases. Model output of SWC and LH/SH fluxes were compared to observations, and did not show a consistent bias. Both sophisticated LSMs appear to be viable options for simulating the effects of land use change in the central USA.

关键词： Land use change buckets linux security module warm season Short-Wave Choke Land surface

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How to adjust the inflammation-induced overestimation of liver fibrosis using transient elastography?

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HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH 2013年第2期43卷 182-184页

作者： Yoshioka, Kentaro Fujita Hlth Univ Dept Liver Biliary Tract & Pancreas Dis Toyoake Aichi Japan

Transient elastography (TE) is a non-invasive reproducible method for measurement of liver stiffness (LSM). LSM correlates well with liver fibrosis stage. Thus, it has been hoped that TE will be able to replace liver biopsy which is problematic in its invasive nature, risk of complications and technical limitations derived from small sample sizes or interpretation variability. TE has been reported to provide useful clinical information based on the close correlation between LSM and liver fibrosis stage, such as appropriate time to start antiviral therapy, prediction of response to antiviral therapy, evaluation of effects of antiviral therapy, assessment of natural course of hepatitis and estimation of prognosis of hepatitis.

关键词： Sample Size antiviral therapy Liver Fibrosis Therapy Evaluation linux security module Hepatitis liver biopsy tellurium transient elastography

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The Fast mode for ZEISS LSM 880 with Airyscan: high-speed confocal imaging with super-resolution and improved signal-to-noise ratio

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NATURE METHODS 2016年第11期13卷 I-II页

作者： Huff, Joseph Carl Zeiss Microscopy LLC Thornwood NY 10594 USA

In May 2016, ZEISS announced the next innovation step for laser-scanning microscopy imaging with the introduction of the Fast mode for ZEISS LSM 880 with Airyscan. The new concept combines the Airyscan pinhole-plane detection technology with a new illumination shaping approach, enabling a fourfold increase in image acquisition rates. With the new Fast mode, Airyscan now affords researchers simultaneous access to super-resolution, increased signal-to-noise ratio and increased acquisition speeds without compromise.

关键词： compromise Imaging Laser Scanning Microscopy Confocal linux security module Fasting super-resolution acquisition rate inspection technique

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Coumarin-coupled receptor as a membrane-permeable, Cu²⁺-selective fluorescent chemosensor for imaging copper(II) in HEPG-2 cell

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CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2008年第4期37卷 462-463页

作者： Wang, Mao-Xiang Huang, Sheng-Hai Meng, Xiang-Ming Zhu, Man-Zhou Guo, Qing-Xiang Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Chem Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Anhui Med Univ Inst Clin Pharmacol Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

A novel fluorescent chemosensor 1 for imaging labile Cu2+ in living biological samples was designed and synthesized;it exhibits very strong fluorescence responses to Cu2+, and its LSM images strongly support the exist... 详细信息

关键词： Biological samples Imaging Cells linux security module Cupric Receptor

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Sustained virological response by direct antiviral agents in HCV leads to an early and significant improvement of liver fibrosis

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ANTIVIRAL THERAPY 2018年第2期23卷 129-138页

作者： Persico, Marcello Rosato, Valerio Aglitti, Andrea Precone, Davide Corrado, Mariano De Luna, Antonio Morisco, Filomena Camera, Silvia Federico, Alessandro Dallio, Marcello Claar, Ernesto Caporaso, Nicola Masarone, Mario Univ Salerno Dept Med & Surg Internal Med & Hepatol Div Salerno Italy Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Internal Med & Hepatol Dept Naples Italy Martiri Villa Malta Hosp Internal Med Dept Salerno Italy Umberto I Hosp Infect Dis Dept Salerno Italy ASL Salerno DS65 Drug Addict Unit Salerno Italy Univ Naples Federico II Dept Clin Med & Surg Gastroenterol Unit Naples Italy Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Dept Clin & Expt Med Naples Italy Osped Evangel Villa Betania Hepatol Unit Internal Med Dept Naples Italy

Background: Direct antiviral agents (DAA) demonstrated high efficacy among HCV-infected patients in registered trials. Nevertheless, the impact of these therapies on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and liver functionality in 'real-life' is not well-known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sustained virological response (SVR) impact on LSM and clinical parameters of DAA-therapy on a real-life population of HCV patients with F3/F4 fibrosis. Methods: A total of 749 HCV genotype 1-4 patients with F3/F4 hepatitis undergoing antiviral therapy were consecutively enrolled in four centres of hepatology in Italy. Clinical, biochemical and imaging data were collected at the baseline (TO), at the end of treatment (EoT) and after 12 weeks (SVR12). Results: Out of 749 patients, 69.7% were F4 and 30.3% were F3. SVR12 was reached in 97.5 %. LSM significantly decreased from T0 to EoT (P<0.001), whereas, it did not from EoT to SVR12 (P= not significant). Moreover, in F4 no significant differences were found in Child and MELD between T0, EoT and SVR12 (P= not significant). At the univariate analysis of clinical and liver parameters, baseline high glucose (P<0.005), type 2 diabetes (P<0.001), low alanine aminotransferase (ALT;P<0.001), low platelets (P<0.005), and the presence of esophageal varices (EV;P<0.001) were found to be associated with a lack of a significant EoT LSM improvement. At multiple regression, ALT (P<0.05), diabetes (P<0.005) and EV (P<0.05) were inversely associated with significant LSM reduction. Conclusions: Virological response to DAA is associated with fibrosis regression and recovery of liver functionality and this can be detected as early as EoT. HCV eradication is associated with a rapid and significant clinical improvement that lasts over time and seems to be negatively influenced by diabetes and EV.

关键词： Liver Fibrosis antiviral therapy Hepatology Antiviral Agents linux security module Electric vehicles Shoetrees

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Longitudinal change of liver stiffness by transient elestography in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogue

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CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY 2014年第2期38卷 195-200页

作者： Jang, Won Yu, Sung In Sinn, Dong Hyun Park, Sang Hoon Park, Hyun Park, Ji Young Jeon, Tae Joo Oh, Tae Hoon Shin, Won Chang Choi, Won-Choong Inje Univ Coll Med Sanggye Paik Hosp Dept Internal Med Seoul 139707 South Korea

Background: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography is a non-invasive method to assess liver fibrosis. Decline in LSM value has been reported after antiviral treatment (AVT) using nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, however, factors associated with changes in LSM during AVT remains unclear. Methods: A total of 76 CHB patients who received AVT with NUCs and had serial LSM (median duration: 16 months, range: 12 to 35 months) during AVT were analyzed. Complete virological response (CVR) was defined when hepatitis B virus DNA level was undetectable by real-time PCR assay (<50 copies/mL). Results: LSM value had significantly decreased after AVT with NUCs [median (quartile): 6.5 (4.7-9.2) to 5.3 (3.9-6.7), P < 0.001]. The median change of LSM value/year was -0.8 (range: -9.5 similar to 4.9). The annual change of LSM value was associated with baseline total bilirubin levels, HBeAg status and achievement of CVR during follow-up in univariable analysis, and achievement of CVR during follow-up was an only independent factor associated with the annual change of LSM value [beta coefficients (95% confidence interval) = -0.29 (-2.81 similar to-0.26), P = 0.02]. The annual LSM change was significantly different between those who achieved and did not achieve CVR (median change: -1.08/year vs. 0.26/year, P < 0.01), and more patients with CVR had decrease in LSM value (89% (47/53) vs. 35% (8/23), P < 0.01). Conclusions: A significant decrease in LSM value was observed in CHB patients after AVT with NUCs. Achievement of CVR was significant factor associated with change in LSM value. Achieving CVR might be a key to decrease LSM value during AVT with NUCs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B NUCB1 gene linux security module liver stiffness

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Impact of late drug-eluting stent malapposition on 3-year clinical events

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY 2007年第15期50卷 1515-1516页

作者： Hong, Myeong-Ki Mintz, Gary S. Lee, Cheol Whan Park, Duk-Woo Lee, Seung-Whan Kim, Young-Hak Kang, Duk-Hyun Cheong, Sang-Sig Song, Jae-Kwan Kim, Jae-Joong Park, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Univ Ulsan Coll Med Cardiac Ctr Asan Med Ctr Seoul 138736 South Korea

There are questions regarding long-term safety of drug-eluting stents (DES), especially concern about an in-/ creased rate of late DES thrombosis compared with bare-metal\' stents. Numerous intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies have reported an increased frequency of late stent malapposition (LSM) in patients with DES (1-3), speculating that there may be a relationship between LSM and late stent thrombosis. The present study reports the long-term (>2 years) follow-up after the diagnosis of LSM was made using serial IVUS examination after DES implantation.

关键词： Adult Aged Angioplasty Transluminal Percutaneous Coronary Coronary Thrombosis 成年人老年人血管成形术经腔经皮冠状动脉冠状动脉血栓形成冠状血管 stent thrombosis Coronary Thrombosis linux security module Angioplasty Drug-Eluting Stents Adults stent malapposition

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