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56th Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education

作者： Watkins, Andrea Settle, Amber Miller, Craig S. Schwabe, Eric J. Univ Illinois Urbana IL 61820 USA Depaul Univ Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705328

Background: live coding, or the process of instructors writing code in real time in front of students, is an alternative teaching method to showing students static code examples. Variations of live coding tightly coupled with more active learning approaches are common, which can make it difficult to understand the contribution of live coding alone. Purpose: In this study, we aim to disentangle the benefits of live coding from live coding with explicit active learning approaches. We compare live coding with no added active learning components to presenting students with static code examples. Methods: We present a programming topic to over 100 students using either live coding or static code examples. To more closely parallel showing static code examples, our live coding process involves simply writing and discussing code. We compare student performance and engagement between the two session modes. Findings: Our results show no significant difference between the two presentation modes in terms of learning outcomes. This suggests that live coding in its most basic form may not be sufficiently different from showing static code examples to impact student performance. We also found that live coding students were much more likely to type code, but no more likely to display other engagement behaviors. However, of the engagement activities, only different levels of code typing corresponded with different learning outcomes. Contributions: This research highlights the need for more explicit differentiation and comparisons of live coding with and without active learning strategies.

关键词： engagement live coding object-oriented programming static code examples

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An Empirical Evaluation of live coding in CS1 23

An Empirical Evaluation of Live Coding in CS1

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19th Annual ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research V.1 (ICER)

作者： Shah, Anshul Hogan, Emma Agarwal, Vardhan Driscoll, John Porter, Leo Griswold, William G. Raj, Adalbert Gerald Soosai Univ Calif San Diego San Diego CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399760

Background and Context. live coding is a teaching method in which an instructor dynamically writes code in front of students in an effort to impart skills such as incremental development and debugging. By contrast, traditional, static-code examples typically involve an instructor annotating or explaining components of pre-written code. Despite recommendations to use live coding and a wealth of qualitative analyses that identify perceived learning benefits of it, there are a lack of empirical evaluations to confirm those learning benefits, especially with respect to students' programming processes. Objectives. Our work aims to provide a holistic, empirical comparison of a live-coding pedagogy with a static-code one. We evaluated the impact of a live-coding pedagogy on three main areas: 1) students' adherence to effective programming processes, 2) their performance on exams and assignments, and 3) their lecture experiences, such as engagement during lecture and perceptions of code examples. Method. In our treatment-control quasi-experimental setup, one lecture group saw live-coding examples while the other saw only static-code ones. Both lecture groups were taught by the same instructor, were taught the exact same content, and completed the same assignments and exams. We collected compilation-level programming process data, student performance on exam and homework questions, and feedback via a survey and course evaluations. Findings. Our findings showed no statistically significant differences between the live-coding and static-code groups on programming process metrics related to incremental development, debugging, and productivity. Similarly, there was no difference between the groups on course performance on assignments and exams. Finally, student feedback suggests that more students in the live-coding group reported that lectures were too fast and failed to facilitate note-taking, potentially mitigating the perceived benefits of live coding. Implications. live cod

关键词： live coding programming processes course performance student perceptions pedagogical techniques Cognitive Apprenticeship

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Teaching Programming by Revealing Thinking Process: Watching Experts' live coding Videos With Reflection Annotations

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION 2022年第4期65卷 617-627页

作者： Yu-Tzu Lin Yeh, Martin K-C Sheng-Rong Tan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Grad Inst Informat & Comp Educ Taipei 10610 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Inst Res Excellence Learning Sci Taipei 10610 Taiwan Penn State Univ Brandywine Informat Sci & Technol Media PA 19063 USA

Contribution: Programming is a complex cognitive activity that involves both conceptual understanding and procedural skills, which is challenging for novices. To develop both program comprehension and implementation competency, this study proposed a live-coding-based instruction. Experts' live coding with think-aloud was recorded. Students then learn algorithmic planning and coding skills by observing experts' thinking and coding processes from the videos. To deploy this pedagogical strategy, a learning platform was developed to present the videos to students who could also annotate their reflection about the videos in the system to deepen their understanding of syntax and concepts of computer programming. Background: Traditional lecture-based programming instruction focuses more on the explanation of syntax and concepts but lacks revealing the dynamic and nonlinear thinking and coding process. Research Questions: This study is to explore the effects of live-coding-based instruction on students' programming knowledge, including declarative program knowledge (program comprehension) and procedural program knowledge (coding skills), and whether the instruction changes their attitude toward programming learning or not. Methodology: An empirical study was conducted with 33 high-school students who were novice programmers in one semester to explore the effectiveness of the live-coding-based instruction and the use of the learning platform. Findings: The experiment results show that watching flowcharting (r=0.369, p <0.05) or coding processes (r=0.409, p <0.05) of experts improves coding skills. This implies that explicit depiction of algorithmic planning and coding processes are essential for building procedural programming knowledge. In addition, reflection on syntactic content of experts' programming plays an important role in programming (r=0.511,p <0.01). The research findings suggest that programming instruction could focus more on developing students' problem-solvin

关键词： Programming profession Encoding Videos Syntactics Problem-solving Education Codes Computer science computer-based instruction learning environment live coding observational learning programming instruction reflection video-based learning

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LooperGP: A Loopable Sequence Model for live coding Performance Using GuitarPro Tablature 12th

LooperGP: A Loopable Sequence Model for Live Coding Performa...

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12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Music, Sound, Art and Design (EvoMUSART) Held as Part of EvoStar Conference

作者： Adkins, Sara Sarmento, Pedro Barthet, Mathieu Queen Mary Univ London Ctr Digital Music London England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031299551;9783031299568

Despite their impressive offline results, deep learning models for symbolic music generation are not widely used in live performances due to a deficit of musically meaningful control parameters and a lack of structured musical form in their outputs. To address these issues we introduce LooperGP, a method for steering a Transformer-XL model towards generating loopable musical phrases of a specified number of bars and time signature, enabling a tool for live coding performances. We show that by training LooperGP on a dataset of 93,681 musical loops extracted from the DadaGP dataset [22], we are able to steer its generative output towards generating 3x as many loopable phrases as our baseline. In a subjective listening test conducted by 31 participants, LooperGP loops achieved positive median ratings in originality, musical coherence and loop smoothness, demonstrating its potential as a performance tool.

关键词： Controllable Music Generation Sequence Models live coding Transformers AI Music Loops Guitar Tabs

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The Stress of Improvisation: Instructors’ Perspectives on live coding in Programming Classes

The Stress of Improvisation: Instructors’ Perspectives on L...

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2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2025

作者： Su, Xiaotian Wang, April Yi ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713958

live coding is a pedagogical technique in which an instructor writes and executes code in front of students to impart skills like incremental development and debugging. Although live coding offers many benefits, instructors face many challenges in the classroom, like cognitive challenges and psychological stress, most of which have yet to be formally studied. To understand the obstacles faced by instructors in CS classes, we conducted (1) a formative interview with five teaching assistants in exercise sessions and (2) a contextual inquiry study with four lecturers for large-scale classes. We found that the improvisational and unpredictable nature of live coding makes it difficult for instructors to manage their time and keep students engaged, resulting in more mental stress than presenting static slides. We discussed opportunities for augmenting existing IDEs and presentation setups to help enhance live coding experience. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： live coding programming education at scale

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Inside the Matrix: Immersive live coding for Architectural Design

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL COMPUTING 2021年第2期19卷 174-189页

作者： Castelo-Branco, Renata Bras, Catarina Leitao, Antonio Menezes Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn INESC ID Lisbon Portugal

Algorithmic Design (AD) uses computer programs to describe architectural models. These models are visual by nature and, thus, greatly benefit from immersive visualization. To allow architects to benefit from the advantages of Virtual Reality (VR) within an AD workflow, we propose a new design approach: live coding in Virtual Reality (LCVR). LCVR means that the architect programs the design while immersed in it, receiving immediate feedback on the changes applied to the program. In this paper, we discuss the benefits and impacts of such an approach, as well as the most pressing implementation issues, namely the projection of the programming environment onto VR, and the input mechanisms to change the program or parts of it. For each, we offer a critical analysis and comparison of the various solutions available in the context of two different programming paradigms: visual and textual.

关键词： Virtual Reality Algorithmic Design live coding Programming Environments Interaction Mechanisms

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Human-in-the-Loop Program Synthesis for live coding 9

Human-in-the-Loop Program Synthesis for Live Coding

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9th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Functional Art, Music, Modelling, and Design (FARM)

作者： Santolucito, Mark Barnard Coll New York NY 10027 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450386135

live coding is a creative coding practice, where the act of programming itself constitutes a performance. The code written during a live coding performance often generates media, for example a continuous stream of music or video. One of the challenges of live coding is in finding a balance in the language design, such that the language is both expressive enough for the artist, as well as simple enough to be programmed in real-time. In order to reduce the overhead of manually coding every part of a live coding performance, we propose a tool for live coding that leverages program synthesis to simplify the process. Program synthesis retains the "show your code" ethos of live coding performances, while also lowering the barrier to entry to the performance practice.

关键词： live coding program synthesis computer music

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don't touch my MIDI cables: gender, technology and sound in live coding

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FEMINIST REVIEW 2021年第127期127卷 90-106页

作者： Armitage, Joanne Thornham, Helen Univ Cambridge Cambridge England Univ Leeds Digital Cultures Leeds W Yorkshire England

live coding is an embodied, sensorial and live technological-human relationship that is recursively iterated through sonic and visual outputs based on what we argue are kinship relations between and through bodies and technology. At the same time, and in a familiar moment of deja vu for feminist scholars, live coding is most often discussed not in relation to the lived and sensory human-technology kinship, but in terms of fetishised code or software, output and agency. As feminist scholars have long argued, emphasising and fetishising code or software, and celebrating output and agency are normatively masculine, white and Western conceptions of technology that feed into the growing valorisation of accelerationist logic whilst also negating embodied, not to mention other (non-white, Western, masculine) bodies, expertise or histories per se. In this article, we want to redress this by drawing on our empirical material on live coding to focus on human-technology kinship and, in so doing, think about failure, slowness and embodiment and about human-technology relations that are more akin to what Alison Kafer (drawing on the work of Donna Haraway) has termed 'becoming with' or 'making kin'. This, we argue, has the potential to shift the focus from the potentialities of technologies on or through the body, towards the generative capacities of mediation (including failure), which are caught up in lived experiences. The question is not only about how the relations of bodies and technologies are played out in certain circumstances but about what might be played out if we reconceptualise these relations in these terms.

关键词： live coding gender sound technology code cyberfeminisms

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Assessing the Support for Creativity of a Playground for live coding Machine Learning 20th

Assessing the Support for Creativity of a Playground for Liv...

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20th International Conference on Entertainment Computing (ICEC)

作者： Bernardo, Francisco Kiefer, Chris Magnusson, Thor Univ Sussex Expt Mus Technol Lab Sch Media Arts & Humanities Brighton E Sussex England

ISBN: (纸本)9783030893934;9783030893941

We present the ongoing research around the design of Sema, a live coding environment aimed at supporting live coding with machine learning in the modern web browser. Sema integrates custom dashboards with code editors, debugging and visualisation tools, reference documentation and interactive tutorials. We analyse survey findings applying the Creativity Support Index, which aimed at understanding how well Sema supports creativity across its subsystems, and discuss how the insights we obtained contributed to inform the following design iteration.

关键词： live coding Sound Music & performance Machine learning Creativity support tools

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A Qualitative Analysis of Lecture Videos and Student Feedback on Static Code Examples and live coding: A Case Study 21

A Qualitative Analysis of Lecture Videos and Student Feedbac...

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23rd Australasian Computing Education Conference (ACE)

作者： Hwang, Derek Agarwal, Vardhan LYu, Yuzi Rana, Divyam Susarla, Satya Raj, Adalbert Gerald Soosai Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389761

One of the goals of computing education research is to understand and document the effectiveness of pedagogical strategies in computing. Among the many methods available to teach programming, two commonly used techniques to present code in Computer Science classes are static code examples (where pre-written code snippets are used during lectures) and live coding (where code is written before the students during the lecture). Even though prior research has tried comparing the effectiveness of these two teaching techniques on student learning and cognitive load, little is known about the structure of these code presentation techniques. In this study, we analyze the lecture recordings of a mid-level Computer Science course which uses both static code examples and live coding for teaching code snippets. We analyze these recordings with the intent to understand what these pedagogical techniques for teaching and learning programming consist of. We also analyze student feedback about both these pedagogical strategies to better understand these teaching methods from the students' perspective. We believe that our work will shed light on the usefulness of static code examples and live coding in Computer Science courses.

关键词： Static Code Examples live coding Student Survey Video Analysis

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