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Mobile user tracking system with ZigBee

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS 2016年 44卷 47-55页

作者： Stepien, Jacek Kolodziej, Jacek Machowski, Witold AGH Univ Sci & Technol Krakow Dept Elect 30 Adama Mickiewicza Av PL-30059 Krakow Poland

In the paper an implementation of mobile nodes tracking system based on ZigBee and Wi-Fi wireless networks is presented. On the base of known algorithmic as well as circuit solutions a simple yet universal system, applied in prototype application dedicated for person's localization in museum premises has been developed. Since system utilizes entirely wireless communication, it can be applied in any closed objects. The system has been preliminarily verified in real in-situ environment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： ZigBee Tracking systems localization algorithm Embedded systems Microprocessors

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Ultrasonic Device-Free localization System Using Orthogonal Chirp-Based Multistatic Sonar

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT 2024年 73卷

作者： Garcia-Requejo, Alejandro Perez-Rubio, M. Carmen Hernandez, Alvaro Wright, William M. D. Univ Alcala Elect Dept E-28805 Alcala De Henares Spain Univ Coll Cork Sch Engn & Architecture Cork T12 K8AF Ireland

Indoor device-free localization (DFL) systems offer an alternative paradigm to traditional location, in which the target to be located does not need to carry any sensor, tag, or electronic device. In contrast to most popular DFL systems, which are based on radio frequency technologies, ultrasonic signals have been used in this work, due to their good accuracy results, to estimate the 3-D position of a person's head. For this purpose, a four-emitter and a single-receiver multistatic sonar installed overhead has been employed. The emission signals follow a time division orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (TD-OCDM) access technique to obtain a 300 ms update time and asynchronous operation. The signals propagated in the indoor space are acquired by the receiver and processed. A sign-data least mean square (SD-LMS) adaptive filter algorithm has been applied in order to remove the background components on the received signal. Then, a specific window from the resulting clean signal is employed to determine the reflected signal at the target time-of-arrival (ToA) by using an adaptive threshold. The ToA obtained, together with the direct path ToA between emitters and the receiver, provide ranges to compute the target location using a localization algorithm. A simulator was used to analyze the proposal, estimating the coverage area of the system at 3.14 m(2). Several experiments have been performed with a single user placing the multistatic sonar at heights of 2.60 and 2.80 m above the floor within the coverage area. The results achieved positioning errors lower than 9 cm for the 2.60-m height and 11.6 cm at 2.80 m in 90% of the cases.

关键词： Sonar Receivers Location awareness Accuracy Chirp Transducers Acoustics Device-free localization (DFL) LMS adaptive filter localization algorithm multistatic sonar ultrasounds (USs)

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RSS Assisted TOA-Based Indoor Geolocation

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WIRELESS INFORMATION NETWORKS 2013年第2期20卷 157-165页

作者： He, Jie Yu, Yanwei Wang, Qin Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Comp & Commun Engn Beijing Peoples R China

The huge distance measurement error in indoor areas and the difficulty of error estimation have posed great challenges to the design of practical TOA-based indoor geolocation systems. In this paper, we presented an RSS assisted TOA-based indoor localization algorithm, which uses RSS to estimate the range of DME for reference node selection and position estimation. This algorithm effectively improves the accuracy of distance measurement and position estimation, and thus improve the localization accuracy of the system. The algorithm is applied into a practical TOA-based indoor geolocation system, developed based on a commercially available device. The results of performance evaluation in a typical office environment show that the localization accuracy of our proposed algorithm is better than the conventional algorithms.

关键词： Indoor geolocation system TOA RSS localization algorithm

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Relative and Absolute Positioning in Ultra Dense Mems System 16

Relative and Absolute Positioning in Ultra Dense Mems System

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IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT)

作者： Moffo, Dermas Canalda, Philippe Spies, Francois Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte FEMTO ST Inst CNRS F-25200 Montbeliard France

ISBN: (纸本)9781509043149

Mems Microrobot applications evolve in ultra-dense contexts. They are at the stage of the simulation to obtain 2-Dimension or shapes for the deployment of individual or collective intelligent programs, and collectively achieve miniaturized and flexible workshops. Now-on, manufacturers and academicians projects are at the stage of modeling and prototyping Mems, and simulating Mems systems applications. To tackle these objectives, addressing individual positioning of Mems inside very dense micro-systems becomes strategic. In many situations, it is more useful to know the relative positioning between Mems and their orientation, than the knowledge of absolute positioning of each Mems. Works achieved on microrobots micropositioning are either stochastic or deterministic. The formers are based on proba-bilistic approaches, that provides better results on a small scale but produce greater error accumulation with a large sample. The latters are based on geometric considerations to accurately compute the position of each Mems, and then distribute it to all the elements. We propose a model of a smart-grid (orthogonal and hexagonal lattice) of microrobots with regular geometry, and their connectors (actuators and sensors for moves and other actions) communicating by contact. Based on this model, we propose a mixed positioning algorithm (absolute and relative) in 2D without mobility of Mems in a group ranging in size from thousands to millions of items, based only on neighborly relations. Then by simulation we perform a functional validation of our algorithm, and a validation of the scalability of our algorithm on orthogonal grid of over 1 million node.

关键词： 2D Micro-localization relative and global positioning Micro-systems localization algorithm simulation

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A probabilistic-based approach for direction-of-arrival estimation and localization of multiple sources

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 2020年第11期33卷

作者： Abdelbari, Amr Bilgehan, Bulent Near East Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Nicosia Turkey

This article contributes to science at two points. The first contribution is at a point of introducing a novel direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation method which based on subspaces methods called Probabilistic Estimation of Several Signals (PRESS). The PRESS method provides higher resolution and DOA accuracy than current models. Second contribution of the article is at a point of localizing the unknown signal source. The process of localization achieved by using DOA information for the first time. The importance of localization exists in a large area of engineering applications. The aim is to determine the location of multiple sources by using PRESS with minimum effort of computation. We used the maximum probabilistic process in this study. Initially, all the signals are collected by the array of sensors and accurately identified using the proposed algorithm. The receiver at the best in test estimates the source location using only the knowledge of the geographical latitude and longitude values of the array of sensors. Several test points with an accurately calculated angle of arrival enable us to draw linear lines towards the transmitter. The transmitter location can be accurately identified with the line of interceptions. Simulation and numerical results show the outstanding performance of both the DOA estimation method and transmitter localization approach compared with many classical and new DOA estimation methods. The PRESS localization method first tested at 19 degrees, 26 degrees, and 35 degrees with an signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value of -5 dB. The PRESS method produced results with an extremely low bias of 0 and 0.00080 degrees. The simulation tests are repeated and produced results with zero bias, which give the exact location of the unknown source.

关键词： array of antenna array signal processing direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation localization algorithm probability subspaces method

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Acoustic-Electrical Joint localization Method of Partial Discharge in Power Transformer Considering Multi-Path Propagation Impact

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FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH 2022年 10卷

作者： Jia, Jun Fu, Hui Wang, Bo Li, Yong Yu, Yue Cao, Yuan Jiang, Di Southeast Univ Sch Elect Engn Nanjing Peoples R China State Grid Jiangsu Elect Power Co Ltd Res Inst Nanjing Peoples R China State Grid Jiangsu Elect Power Co Ltd Nanjing Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sch Elect Engn & Automat Wuhan Peoples R China State Grid Taizhou Power Supply Co Taizhou Peoples R China State Grid Lianyungang Power Supply Co Lianyungang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Hangzhou Peoples R China

Efficient and accurate localization of partial discharge (PD) is of paramount importance to ensure the safe operation of power transformers. However, the multi-path propagation effect introduced by the reflection, refraction and diffraction of the ultrasonic signal may add significant computational complexity to the localization process and degrade the localization accuracy. This paper proposes an acoustic- electrical joint method for partial discharge location in the power transformer with the full consideration of the multi-path propagation impact. Unlike the conventional error analysis methods, a partial discharge localization model is proposed for characterizing the multipath propagation impact without the prior knowledge of the transcendental error probability. Based on the matrix inequality transformation and relaxation, the high-dimensional nonlinear localization equations are transformed into a set of second-order convex optimization equations that can be solved using the convex second-order cone program (SOCP). The proposed solution can significantly reduce the computational complexity and improve the localization accuracy as well as avoid the local optimum and slow convergence. The solution is assessed through extensive experiments based on simulations, testbed and trial deployment in comparison with the existing solutions with the localization error of about 0.1 m.

关键词： power transformer partial discharge localization algorithm convex second-order cone program acoustic-electrical joint acoustic-electrical joint localization

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An empirical study on underwater acoustic sensor networks based on localization and routing approaches

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ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE 2023年 175卷

作者： Gola, Kamal Kumar Dhingra, Manish Gupta, Bhumika Rathore, Rahul Coll Engn Roorkee COER Roorkee 247667 India Rama Univ Kanpur 209217 India Govind Ballabh Pant Inst Engn & Technol Pauri Garhwal 246194 India Teerthanker Mahaveer Univ Fac Engn Moradabad 244001 India

This review article focuses on the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (U0s) based on localization and routing. Moreover, this review mainly incorporates several research articles based on the date of publication, domains, journals, authors, and methodologies utilized for studies. The results discussed in this work are solely based on prior published research-based information obtained. The research articles are searched and utilized from 2014 to 2021 from different resources. In the localization have several techniques and algorithm with numerous features namely accuracy, capability of resource, and deployment restriction. then, the routing based on the various approaches and algorithm with several parameters like energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, and so on., are reviewed. Here many of the machine learning techniques are highly focused in UWSNs. This work provides a better understanding of Underwater Wireless Sensor Network;therefore, an effective technique can be compared and achieved in terms of better performance.

关键词： Underwater wireless sensor network Global positioning system Power management localization algorithm Machine learning

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localization Method of Wide-Area Distribution Multistatic Sky-Wave Over-the-Horizon Radar

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IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS 2022年 19卷

作者： Yang, Lijuan Gao, Huotao Ling, Yun Li, Boya Wuhan Univ Elect Informat Sch Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China

In this letter, a model of wide-area distribution multistatic T-M-R-N (M independent transmitters and N independent receivers) sky-wave over-the-horizon radar (WDMS-OTHR) is investigated. A localization algorithm that utilizes the hill-climbing algorithm based on the weighted least squares (HC-WLS) method for this model is also proposed. The localization algorithm mainly includes three stages. First, the geodetic coordinate of station position is transformed into the spatial rectangular coordinate. Second, the initial position is estimated by WLS that forms a pseudolinear equation from the measurements of the time of arrival (TOA) and introduces nuisance variables as additional unknowns. Third, the spatial rectangular coordinate of the initial position is transformed into the geodetic coordinate, and the initial position is optimized by HC that performs eight neighborhood searches around the initial position and adopts multiple iteration searches until the optimal position is obtained. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the positioning accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than WLS.

关键词： Hill climbing (HC) localization algorithm multistatic radar system sky-wave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) wide-area distribution

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A Window-Adaptive Centroiding Method Based on Energy Iteration for Spot Target localization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT 2022年 71卷

作者： Bao, Jingyu Zhan, Haiyang Sun, Ting Fu, Sheng Xing, Fei You, Zheng Tsinghua Univ Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Integrated Circuits Dept Precis Instrument Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Precis Measurement Technol & Instru Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ Joint Int Res Lab Adv Photon & Elect Beijing 100192 Peoples R China

The random noise of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor is the main factor limiting the further improvement of high-accuracy spot target detection. Accordingly, a window-adaptive centroiding method based on energy iteration is proposed in this article. The method can effectively mitigate the problem of localization performance fluctuations caused by the random noise at the low-intensity pixels within the extraction window. By analyzing the centroiding error model and the random noise of CMOS detectors, simulations are used to deduce that pixel response random noise that remains after removing systematic errors is the main factor limiting further improvement in positioning accuracy. Based on the generally applicable threshold centroiding algorithm, the influence of the pixel response within the extraction window on the centroiding accuracy is derived according to the pixel energy and the pixel location relative to the target centroid. This leads to an iterative method, which combines the pixels with better performance as a new extraction window and recalculates the target centroid. The effectiveness of the algorithm at the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) typical for real cases is simulated and analyzed. An experimental scheme is designed for the subpixel movement of point targets with a measurement platform based on a high-precision rotary table and a star tracker to validate our algorithm. Further real star experiment is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results of the experiments indicate that the proposed method can reduce the random noise effect on spot extraction accuracy.

关键词： Detectors Stars Location awareness Target tracking Semiconductor device modeling Systematics Instruments localization algorithm optical instrumentations optical measurement space instrumentations

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Summary of Research on localization of Hazardous Gas Leakage Source

International Core Journal of Engineering

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International Core Journal of Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 25-37页

作者： Boya Ma Jinqing Liu Jinchao Xiao Jihai Liu

The occurrence of dangerous gas leakage accidents is an important issue faced by the public and society. For example, the leakage of liquefied natural gas, hydrogen and other gases will cause explosion accidents, and the leakage of toxic gases such as ammonia, chlorine, and hydrogen sulfide will lead to poisoning, even suffocation accidents. Therefore, in order to minimize casualties and losses, determining the source of accidental leakage is the primary task; and in the case of accidental leakage, timely and effectively locating the source of gas leakage plays a vital role in emergency rescue. Thus, relevant investigations on the location of gas leakage sources at home and abroad have been carried out, the preliminary process about the location of dangerous gas leakage sources has been introduced: the diffusion model when gas leaks, leak detection technology, the method of obtaining positioning data--sensor arrangement. Meanwhile, common algorithms for gas source localization are introduced from two aspects about active olfactory locating and static gas source locating. Finally, a summary and prospect of the localization algorithm are given.

关键词： Hazardous Gas Diffusion Model Leak Detection Sensor localization algorithm

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