In this paper, we identify appropriate statistical methods for analysing categorical differences in discrete variables or 'performance indicators' resulting from performance analysis. The random mechanisms ass...
详细信息
In this paper, we identify appropriate statistical methods for analysing categorical differences in discrete variables or 'performance indicators' resulting from performance analysis. The random mechanisms associated with discrete events do not follow a normal distribution;that is, the normal distribution is a continuous not a discrete probability distribution. We propose appropriate statistical methods based on two key discrete probability distributions, the Poisson and binomial distributions. Two approaches are proposed and compared using examples from notational analysis. The first approach is based on the classic chi-square test of significance (both the goodness-of-fit test and the test of independence). The second approach adopts a more contemporary method based on log-linear and logit models fitted using the statistical software GLIM. Provided relatively simple one-way and two-way comparisons in categorical data are required, both of these approaches result in very similar conclusions. However, as soon as more complex models or higher-order comparisons are required, the approach based on log-linear and logit models is shown to be more effective. Indeed, when investigating those factors and categorical differences associated with binomial or binary response variables, such as the proportion of winners when attempting decisive shots in squash or die proportion of goals scored from all shots in association football, logit models become the only realistic method available. By applying log-linear and logit models to discrete events resulting from notational analysis, greater insight into the underlying mechanisms associated with sport performance can be achieved.
This article provides an illustrated history of the visual and conceptual ideas leading to the development of mosaic displays. We trace the origins of the use of rectangles and area to depict data quantities and their...
详细信息
This article provides an illustrated history of the visual and conceptual ideas leading to the development of mosaic displays. We trace the origins of the use of rectangles and area to depict data quantities and their relations, of early forms of mosaic displays including subdivided bar-like charts and various cartograms, to the modem forms used in log-linear analysis and in space-filling tree maps.
We study time-consistent labour and capital income linear taxation using an infinite-horizon overlapping-generations model of a small open economy. Individuals have different productivities and the government interven...
详细信息
We study time-consistent labour and capital income linear taxation using an infinite-horizon overlapping-generations model of a small open economy. Individuals have different productivities and the government intervenes for purely redistributive purposes. The study of time-consistent taxation requires the introduction of borrowing restrictions in the economy. We characterize the time-consistent solution and consider alternative solutions based on a simple tax rule. We demonstrate the existence and the uniqueness of the time-consistent solution using a log-linear utility function. We provide numerical comparisons between time-consistent and time-inconsistent linear taxation: the importance of being able to make commitment decreases when the differences between individuals increase.
Recent investigations into cross-country convergence follow Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992) in using a log-linear approximation to the Swan-Solow growth model to specify regressions. These studies tend to assume a comm...
详细信息
Recent investigations into cross-country convergence follow Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992) in using a log-linear approximation to the Swan-Solow growth model to specify regressions. These studies tend to assume a common and exogenous technology. In contrast, the technology catch-up literature endogenises the growth of technology. The use of capital stock data renders the approximations and over-identification of the Mankiw model unnecessary and enables us, using dynamic panel estimation, to estimate the separate contributions of diminishing returns and technology transfer to the rate of conditional convergence. We find that both effects are important.
The age structure of a population is a fundamental concept in demography and is generally depicted in the form of an age pyramid. The spatial structure of an interregional system of origin-destination-specific migrati...
详细信息
The age structure of a population is a fundamental concept in demography and is generally depicted in the form of an age pyramid. The spatial structure of an interregional system of origin-destination-specific migration streams is, however, a notion lacking a widely accepted definition. We offer a definition in this article, one that draws on the log-linear specification of the geographer's spatial interaction model. We illustrate our definition with observed migration data, we discuss extensions and special cases, and proceed to contrast our definition and associated empirical findings against another measure having an alternative definition.
This article reports the results of a survey conducted in four villages in central Pakistan regarding people perceptions about irrigation- and flood-related issues. The article uses the perception studies methodology,...
详细信息
This article reports the results of a survey conducted in four villages in central Pakistan regarding people perceptions about irrigation- and flood-related issues. The article uses the perception studies methodology, from the human ecology school to address the political ecology agenda in resource and hazards geography. The log-linear analysis of the survey data shows that people are knowledgeable about social power differentials and interactions between various social factors in influencing their access to resources and vulnerability to floods. The article further demonstrates that water users and vulnerable populations are much more likely to suggest social explanations than naturalistic or fatalistic explanations fur their differential access to irrigation water and vulnerability to flood hazard.
Introduces articles about methods in sociological research published in the February 2002 issue of the periodical 'Sociological Methods & Research.' Range of topics addressed in the articles; Discussions o...
详细信息
Introduces articles about methods in sociological research published in the February 2002 issue of the periodical 'Sociological Methods & Research.' Range of topics addressed in the articles; Discussions on parametric statistics. Discusses path analysis, parametric statistics, log-linear models, nonparametric statistics, nonparametric regression and density estimation, rank-based methods, linearmodels, rank sum test, rank statistics, homoscedasticity, multivariate factor analysis, missing data, and longitudinal data.
作者：
Wachter, JANYU
Stern Sch Business Dept Finance New York NY 10012 USA
This paper solves, in closed form, the optimal portfolio choice problem for an investor with utility over consumption under mean-reverting returns. Previous solutions either require approximations, numerical methods, ...
详细信息
This paper solves, in closed form, the optimal portfolio choice problem for an investor with utility over consumption under mean-reverting returns. Previous solutions either require approximations, numerical methods, or the assumption that the investor does not consume over his lifetime. This paper breaks the impasse by assuming that markets are complete. The solution leads to a new understanding of hedging demand and of the behavior of the approximate log-linear solution. The portfolio allocation takes the form of a weighted average and is shown to be analogous to duration for coupon bonds. Through this analogy, the notion of investment horizon is extended to that of an investor who consumes at multiple points in time.
This article investigates shafts in religious affiliation among African Americans over the last three decades and across cohorts. I examine data from the 1973-1998 General Social Surveys to analyze denominational grow...
详细信息
This article investigates shafts in religious affiliation among African Americans over the last three decades and across cohorts. I examine data from the 1973-1998 General Social Surveys to analyze denominational growth and decline, and patterns of religious switching. I compare variations in religious loyalty switching and patterns of mobility across eight salient religious groupings;cohort variations are tested across pre- and post-civil rights cohorts. I examine a range of log-linear and log-multiplicative models to summarize patterns of switching and to see whether patterns vary, across cohorts. I find that the "black mainline" Methodist and Baptist denominations lose members from switching and have lower market share because of the ascendance of conservative sects. Further, nonaffiliation is growing, particularly in the post-civil rights cohort. I found no variations in patterns of mobility over time or across cohorts-only in the rates of switching that drive the levels of mobility.
The population of English-born persons living in Scotland has risen rapidly since 1971. The dynamics of the group are theorised in this paper relative to the escalator region hypothesis, in terms of the role of profes...
详细信息
暂无评论