Knee osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis and a major cause of impaired mobility and disability for the ageing populations. Therefore, due to the increasing prevalence of the malady, it is expected that...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319512815;9783319512792
Knee osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis and a major cause of impaired mobility and disability for the ageing populations. Therefore, due to the increasing prevalence of the malady, it is expected that clinical and scientific practices had to be set in order to detect the problem in its early stages. Thus, this work will be focused on the improvement of methodologies for problem solving aiming at the development of Artificial Intelligence based decision support system to detect knee osteoarthritis. The framework is built on top of a logic programming approach to Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, complemented with a Case Based approach to computing that caters for the handling of incomplete, unknown, or even self-contradictory information.
This paper introduces first-order modular logic programs, which provide a way of viewing answer set programs as consisting of many independent, meaningful modules. We also present conservative extensions of such progr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780999241103
This paper introduces first-order modular logic programs, which provide a way of viewing answer set programs as consisting of many independent, meaningful modules. We also present conservative extensions of such programs. This concept helps to identify strong relationships between modular programs as well as between traditional programs. For example, we illustrate how the notion of a conservative extension can be used to justify the common projection rewriting. This is a short version of a paper was presented at the 32nd International Conference on logic programming [Harrison and Lierler, 2016].
Test automation is adopted by the majority of software and hardware producers since it speeds up the testing phase and allows to design and perform a large bunch of tests that would be hardly manageable in a manual wa...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319612522
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319612522;9783319612515
Test automation is adopted by the majority of software and hardware producers since it speeds up the testing phase and allows to design and perform a large bunch of tests that would be hardly manageable in a manual way. When dealing with the testing of hardware instruments, different physical environments have to be created so that the instruments under test can be analyzed in different scenarios, involving disparate components and software configurations. Creating a test case is a time consuming activity: test cases should be reused as much as possible. Unfortunately, when a physical test plant changes or a new one is created, understanding if existing test cases can be executed over the updated or new test plant is extremely difficult. In this paper we present our approach for checking the compliance of a test case w.r.t. a physical test plant characterized by its devices and their current configuration. The compliance check, which is fully automated and exploits a logic-based approach, answers the query "Can the test case A run over the physical configured test plant B"?
Software Defined Networking (SDN) promises to abstract hardware and hard-wired network topologies in favor of programmable dynamic infrastructures. However, especially features like multi-tenancy require for new ways ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467389990
Software Defined Networking (SDN) promises to abstract hardware and hard-wired network topologies in favor of programmable dynamic infrastructures. However, especially features like multi-tenancy require for new ways to ensure that access to critical network resources are restricted to trusted applications and users. The challenge here is that these entities are not necessarily known at the time of planning and setup, but are rather added dynamically to the network at runtime. Controlling access to northbound interfaces of SDN controllers thus requires for new ways to express access control policies which are able to cope with this degree of complexity and abstraction. We thus introduce a taxonomy-based policy engine, which allows the definition of fine-grained security policies based on a first-order logic description of the network environment. We describe the taxonomy structure and show how it can be used in a Prolog-based policy engine to protect a secure SDN northbound interface developed in previous work. By evaluating the implementation in a virtual SDN environment, we found the performance overhead of our approach to be tolerable.
In this paper, we aim to study how the performance of modern answer set programming (ASP) solvers is influenced by the treewidth of the input program and to investigate the consequences of this relationship. We first ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780999241103
In this paper, we aim to study how the performance of modern answer set programming (ASP) solvers is influenced by the treewidth of the input program and to investigate the consequences of this relationship. We first perform an experimental evaluation that shows that the solving performance is heavily influenced by the treewidth, given ground input programs that are otherwise uniform, both in size and construction. This observation leads to an important question for ASP, namely, how to design encodings such that the treewidth of the resulting ground program remains small. To this end, we define the class of connection-guarded programs, which guarantees that the treewidth of the program after grounding only depends on the treewidth (and the degree) of the input instance. In order to obtain this result, we formalize the grounding process using MSO transductions.
Different variables should be considered in order to identify the critical aspects that influence ophthalmologic surgery and, in particular, the patient's conditions that can become the key factor in this process,...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319670744
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319670744;9783319670737
Different variables should be considered in order to identify the critical aspects that influence ophthalmologic surgery and, in particular, the patient's conditions that can become the key factor in this process, i.e., in situations that can influence the stability and surgery of the patient. Protocol of ophthalmologic surgery has as main concern Glycemic Index, Maximum Blood Pressure, Abnormal Cardiac Index, and Cardiac-Respiratory Insufficiency. Such variables will be used to construct a dynamic virtual world of complex and interacting entities that map real cases of surgical planning situations, understood here as the terms that make the extensions of mathematical logic functions that compete against one another in a rigorous selection regime in which fitness is judged by one criterion alone, its Quality-of-Information. Indeed, one focus is on the development of an Evolutionary Clinical Decision Support System to evaluate patient stability and assist the physicians in the decision of doing or postponing surgery, once cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world.
We present the latest, substantially improved, version of NoHR, a reasoner designed to answer queries over hybrid theories composed of an OWL ontology in Description logics and a set of non-monotonic rules in logic Pr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319616605;9783319616599
We present the latest, substantially improved, version of NoHR, a reasoner designed to answer queries over hybrid theories composed of an OWL ontology in Description logics and a set of non-monotonic rules in logic programming. Whereas the need to combine the distinctive features of these two knowledge representation and reasoning approaches stems from real world applications, their integration is nevertheless theoretically challenging due to their substantial semantical differences. NoHR has been developed as a plug-in for the widely used ontology editor Protege - in fact, the first hybrid reasoner of its kind for Protege, building on a combination of reasoners dedicated to OWL and rules - but it is also available as a library, allowing for its integration within other environments and applications. Compared to previous versions of NoHR, this is the first that supports all polynomial OWL profiles, and even beyond, allowing for its usage with real-world ontologies that do not fit within a single profile. In addition, NoHR has now an enhanced integration with its rule engine, which provides support for a vast number of standard built-in Prolog predicates that considerably extend its usability.
Answer Set programming (ASP) is a prominent knowledge representation language with roots in logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning. Biennial competitions are organized in order to furnish challenging benchmark ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319616605;9783319616599
Answer Set programming (ASP) is a prominent knowledge representation language with roots in logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning. Biennial competitions are organized in order to furnish challenging benchmark collections and assess the advancement of the state of the art in ASP solving. In this paper, we report about the design of the Seventh ASP Competition, which is jointly organized by the University of Calabria (Italy), the University of Genova (Italy), and the University of Potsdam (Germany), in affiliation with the 14th International Conference on logic programming and Non-Monotonic Reasoning (LPNMR 2017). A novel feature of this competition edition is the re-introduction of a Model&Solve track, complementing the usual System track with problem domains where participants need to provide dedicated encodings and solving means.
In adversarial training, a set of models learn together by pursuing competing goals, usually defined on single data instances. However, in relational learning and other non-i.i.d domains, goals can also be defined ove...
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In adversarial training, a set of models learn together by pursuing competing goals, usually defined on single data instances. However, in relational learning and other non-i.i.d domains, goals can also be defined over sets of instances. For example, a link predictor for the IS-A relation needs to be consistent with the transitivity property: if IS-A(x(1);x(2)) and IS-A(x(2);x(3)) hold, IS- A(x(1);x(3)) needs to hold as well. Here we use such assumptions for deriving an inconsistency loss, measuring the degree to which the model violates the assumptions on an adversarially-generated set of examples. The training objective is defined as a minimax problem, where an adversary finds the most offending adversarial examples by maximising the inconsistency loss, and the model is trained by jointly minimising a supervised loss and the inconsistency loss on the adversarial examples. This yields the first method that can use function-free Horn clauses (as in Datalog) to regularise any neural link predictor, with complexity independent of the domain size. We show that for several link prediction models, the optimisation problem faced by the adversary has efficient closed-form solutions. Experiments on link prediction benchmarks indicate that given suitable prior knowledge, our method can significantly improve neural link predictors on all relevant metrics.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in developed countries. Although it is not well known what causes this type of cancer, studies have showed that there are certain risk factors associated that m...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789811041549;9789811041532
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in developed countries. Although it is not well known what causes this type of cancer, studies have showed that there are certain risk factors associated that may increase the likelihood of developing such malignancy. These factors comprise, among others, individual's age, lifestyle habits, personal disease history, and genetic syndromes. Despite its high mortality, colorectal cancer may be prevented with an early diagnosis. Thus, this work aims at the development of Artificial Intelligence based decision support system to assess the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The framework is built on top of a logic programming approach to Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, complemented with a Case-based approach to computing that caters for the handling of incomplete, unknown, or even self-contradictory data, information or knowledge.
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