Even if Java is widely used for agent development, some agent platforms employ ad-hoc programming languages, so the question that arises is: is there a language that fits the model of an autonomous software agent bett...
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Even if Java is widely used for agent development, some agent platforms employ ad-hoc programming languages, so the question that arises is: is there a language that fits the model of an autonomous software agent better than Java? This paper deals with such an issue by deriving an abstract model for agents and proposing some parameters to evaluate programming languages for agent development. As a result, the paper introduces Erlang, a functional language that presents some interesting characteristics for the engineering of agent-based applications. An Erlang-based platform, called eXAT and developed by the authors, is then presented. Finally, a comparison with a Java-based approach explains why, in the authors' opinion, this language cannot be considered a good choice for the implementation of agent systems.
Web service composition enables the creation of new and more valuable services to combine and link existing services. However, the treatment of user constraints (as user demands) is important to provide users with a m...
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Web service composition enables the creation of new and more valuable services to combine and link existing services. However, the treatment of user constraints (as user demands) is important to provide users with a more intelligent service. It is difficult for existing services to fully satisfy' users' constraints, as user demands change dynamically, depending on user preference or environment. We have produced an intelligent infrastructure that can deal with dynamic user constraints for Web service planning and composition. To realize this intelligent system, we analyzed the pattern of exceptions to manage the user constraints that can occur during planning through the creation of a scenario, and then we extracted important ideas for the detection and improvement of the exceptions. We also considered the system architecture using exceptional patterns and situation calculus theory in the first-order logic-language to deduce the planning procedure. Our simple prototype used IndiGolog, which is a high-level programming language for robot, and applied situation calculus theory. Using this intelligent infrastructure enabled us to easily design a complex plan.
Summary form only given. The world's first microprocessor, the 4004, was co-developed by Busicom, a Japanese manufacturer of calculators, and Intel, a U.S. manufacturer of semiconductors. During the development of...
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Summary form only given. The world's first microprocessor, the 4004, was co-developed by Busicom, a Japanese manufacturer of calculators, and Intel, a U.S. manufacturer of semiconductors. During the development of a general-purpose LSI for not only desktop calculators but also other business machines, originally based on a decimal computer with a stored program method, a basic architecture of 4004 was developed in August 1969; a concrete plan for the 4004 system was finalized in December 1969; and the first microprocessor was successfully developed in March 1971. Microprocessors, which became the "technology to open up a new era", brought two outstanding impacts, "power of intelligence" and "power of computing". First, microprocessors opened up a new "era of programming" through replacing with software, the hardwired logic based on IC's of the former "era of logic". At the same time, microprocessors allowed young engineers access to "power of computing" for the creative development of personal computers and computer games, which in turn led to growth in the software industry, and paved the way to the development of high-performance microprocessors. Development engineers involved in creative development can be likened to explorers who go into unmapped territory without a compass, having hope for success and fear of failure. Also, an engineer must be armed with the firm belief that his mission is nothing but development, and must be determined to go his own way, never following another's tracks. In this paper, the birth, evolution and future of microprocessor are described. 4004 performance was only 0.06 MIPS with 2,238 transistors and 750 KHz operating frequency. Microprocessors evolved from 4 bit to 64 bit microprocessors, introducing computer technologies such as pipeline, super-pipeline, super-scalar, VLIW, cache memory, and virtual memory system. Now, it is possible to integrate 16 sets of microprocessor with 64GB of memory on the board. In 20th century, micropro
We propose a novel approach for solving the optimal feedback control problem. Following our previous research, we formulate the problem as a Hamiltonian system by using the necessary conditions for optimality, and tre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780395670
We propose a novel approach for solving the optimal feedback control problem. Following our previous research, we formulate the problem as a Hamiltonian system by using the necessary conditions for optimality, and treat the resultant phase flow as a canonical transformation. Then starting from the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for generating functions we derive a set of 1st order quasilinear partial differential equations with the appropriate initial or terminal conditions, which forms the well-known Cauchy problem. These equations can also be derived by applying the invariant imbedding technique to the two point boundary value problem. The solution to this Cauchy problem is utilized for solving the Hamiltonian two point boundary value problem as well as the optimal feedback control problem with hard and soft constraint boundary conditions. As suggested by the illustrative examples given, this method is promising for solving problems with control constraints, non-smooth control logic, and non-analytic cost function.
In this paper, by taking a multi-contact planar manipulation system as an example, we propose a modeling and control approach based on hybrid system theory, whereby a dexterous manipulation task is formulated as a mix...
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In this paper, by taking a multi-contact planar manipulation system as an example, we propose a modeling and control approach based on hybrid system theory, whereby a dexterous manipulation task is formulated as a mixed logic dynamical (MLD) model. A model predictive control (MPC) is used to handling the control objectives of MLD system, which can be solved using powerful mixed integer quadric programming (MIQP) algorithm. The validation of the proposed approach is shown by simulation.
We extended general-purpose RISC processor architecture and developed a new RISC core, Casablanca II, for supporting real-time processing in embedded systems. The processor core has multiple register-sets and achieves...
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We extended general-purpose RISC processor architecture and developed a new RISC core, Casablanca II, for supporting real-time processing in embedded systems. The processor core has multiple register-sets and achieves fast context-switching by automatically changing the active register-set and reducing overheads to save and restore the contents of the registers when exceptions or interruptions occur. In addition, the core has mechanisms for explicit data cache control, enabling data prefetching and fast DMA, which is invoked by executing extended instructions. In this paper, we describe the organization of Casablanca II developed by using an ASIC process and present preliminary evaluation of the processor.
Spectral purity of fractional-N frequency synthesisers is affected by a set of discrete spurious components. The paper investigates how the intermodulation effects in fractional-N frequency synthesizers contribute to ...
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Spectral purity of fractional-N frequency synthesisers is affected by a set of discrete spurious components. The paper investigates how the intermodulation effects in fractional-N frequency synthesizers contribute to these spurious components. The intermodulation mechanism has been investigated. The predictions of the distribution of intermodulation-born spurs are proven by a set of simulations. Potential approaches to suppress intermodulation-born spurs are also discussed.
Modern digital circuits consist of logic gates implemented in the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The time taken for a logic gate output to change after one or more inputs have changed is ca...
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Modern digital circuits consist of logic gates implemented in the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The time taken for a logic gate output to change after one or more inputs have changed is called the delay of the gate. A conventional CMOS gate is designed to have the same input to output delay irrespective of which input caused the output to change. We propose a new gate design that has different delays along various inputs to output paths within the gate. This is accomplished by inserting selectively sized "permanently on" series transistors at the inputs of the logic gate. We demonstrate the use of the variable input delay CMOS gates for a totally glitch-free minimum dynamic power implementation of a digital circuit. Applying a previously described linear programming method to the c7552 benchmark circuit, we obtained a power saving of 58% over an un-optimized design. This power consumption was 18% lower than that for an alternative low power design using conventional CMOS gates. All circuits had the same overall delay. Since the overall delay was not allowed to increase, the glitch elimination with conventional gates required insertion of delay buffers on non-critical paths. The use of the variable input delay gates drastically reduced the required number of delay buffers.
We envision users discovering suitable Web objects and configuring them on-the-fly with their desired high-level application logic, with the programming and deployment carried out entirely on the Web. Easy configurabi...
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We envision users discovering suitable Web objects and configuring them on-the-fly with their desired high-level application logic, with the programming and deployment carried out entirely on the Web. Easy configurability and interplay of Web entities implies evolution of a few common sense, yet powerful set of core primitives for effective coordination, akin in simplicity and strength to the HTTP protocol. Current Web services technology lacks Infrastructure support, theoretical sound fundamental framework for Web services coordination and composition, and easy use tools for Web application development. Our Web coordination bond system gears towards finding solutions to aforementioned research challenges.
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