Our research concerns generating imperative programs from Answer Set programming Specifications. ASP is highly declarative and is ideal for writing specifications. Further with negation-asfailure it is easy to succinc...
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Our research concerns generating imperative programs from Answer Set programming Specifications. ASP is highly declarative and is ideal for writing specifications. Further with negation-asfailure it is easy to succinctly represent combinatorial search problems. We are currently working on synthesizing imperative programs from ASP programs by turning the negation into useful computations. This opens up a novel way to synthesize programs from executable specifications.
In the last decades effective teaching and learning and e-learning environments have been performed in order to construct courses jointly with the collaboration with Industry and High-Level Educational Institutions. O...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450366021
In the last decades effective teaching and learning and e-learning environments have been performed in order to construct courses jointly with the collaboration with Industry and High-Level Educational Institutions. On another way there are several terminologies that attempt to specify the best teaching and learning methods applied to engineering, from problem-based learning, project-based learning, work-based learning, team-learning, self-direct learning for example. However motivational studies and motivational scales typically discard uncertainty characteristic in for quantitatively evaluating the different dimensions on student's motivational assessment in (e)-learning environments. This paper presents a computerized framework grounded on Artificial Intelligence techniques, namely the Case Based Reasoning approach for problem solving, complemented with a Knowledge Representation and Reasoning method that considers unknown, incomplete or even self-contradictory data or knowledge in the motivational student's assessment.
Today Cognitive computing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) face the same challenges namely, simulate human thought processes and mimic the way human brain works. The main difference between Cognitive computing and AI ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030332747;9783030332730
Today Cognitive computing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) face the same challenges namely, simulate human thought processes and mimic the way human brain works. The main difference between Cognitive computing and AI is: (i) AI models various functions of human intelligence, where computer is one of the modelling means though often the most important one, i.e. intelligence is in the focus while (ii) Cognitive computing models human thought processes and simulates the hypothetical way human brain works as computation. Our aim is to develop a theoretically and methodologically well-founded theory of AI together with a unified computational theory, which will provide specific tools and methods for Cognitive computing. To achieve our goal we follow a methodology triangle, consisting of a conceptual-philosophical, a system theoretical and a logical-mathematical component. Computing will play a fundamental role in both system-theoretical and logical-mathematical methodological components. Hereby we concentrate on the development of the logical-mathematical foundation in detail by the use of category theory, which provides an excellent frame for defining all notions necessary for developing a universal theory for computing, specification, cognitive reasoning, information, knowledge and their various combinations. Foundation theory is by the use of the so-called constitutions, the mathematical basis for the cognitive computation. logical foundation will be developed as a special constitution and cognitive computing processes are defined by using situations, infons and information. The main properties are discussed with some examples.
Individuals with Learning Impairments (LI) may have not only language problems as reading, spelling and writing, but also difficulties in terms of their relationship with the society, i.e., may have glitches not only ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030147990
Individuals with Learning Impairments (LI) may have not only language problems as reading, spelling and writing, but also difficulties in terms of their relationship with the society, i.e., may have glitches not only with language but also with social handiness. On the other hand, the dimension that most contributes to the process of acceptance or integration of an individual in a learning environment or in the society in general, is Emotional Intelligence, i.e., emotion is the foundation for creativity, passion, optimism, drive, and transformation. Motivation is a synonym for enthusiasm, initiative, and persistence. The technical skills have passed to the bottom, since they denote the rational that sustains an individual's involvement in such processes. Indeed, among other things, this is the reason why this work focuses on LI and its various manifestations and how it may affect, evaluate and treat the natural development of a human being and the environment (society) in which him/her is immersed.
The weak completion semantics (WCS) based on threevalued Lukasiewicz logic has been demonstrated to be an adequate model for general human reasoning in a variety of different domains. Among the many experimental parad...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030195700;9783030195694
The weak completion semantics (WCS) based on threevalued Lukasiewicz logic has been demonstrated to be an adequate model for general human reasoning in a variety of different domains. Among the many experimental paradigms in cognitive psychology, the Wason Selection Task (WST) is a core problem with more than 200 publications demonstrating key factors of the systematic deviation of human reasoning from classical logic. Previous attempts were able to model general response patterns, but not the individual responses of participants. This paper provides a novel generalization of the weak completion semantics by using two additional principles, abduction and contraposition: This extension can model the four canonical cases of the WST for the Abstract, Everyday, and Deontic problem domain. Finally, a quantitative comparison between theWCS predictions of the extended model and the individual participants' responses in the three problem domains is performed. It demonstrates the power of the WCS to adequately model human reasoning on an individual human reasoner level.
New paradigms such as edge computing opened up new opportunities for distributing applications to meet use-case-specific requirements. For automating the deployment of applications, deployment models can be created th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789897583650
New paradigms such as edge computing opened up new opportunities for distributing applications to meet use-case-specific requirements. For automating the deployment of applications, deployment models can be created that describe the application structure with its components and their relations. However, the distribution is often not known in advance and, thus, deployment models have to be restructured. This can result in problems that have not existed before, e.g., components previously deployed in the same network were distributed, but security mechanisms are missing. Architecture patterns can be used to detect such problems, however, patterns describe only generic technology-independent solutions, which cannot automatically be applied to applications. Several concrete technologies exist that implements the pattern. Which solutions are applicable to a particular application is determined by, e.g., its hosting environment or used communication protocol. However, the manual effort to determine and implement appropriate solutions is immense. In this work, we present an approach to automate (i) the determination of solutions for an application using first-order logic and (ii) the adaptation of its deployment model accordingly. To validate the practical feasibility, we present a prototype using the cloud standard TOSCA and the logic programming language PROLOG.
Proving a theorem in intuitionistic propositional logic, with implication as its single connective, is known as one of the simplest to state PSPACE-complete problem. At the same time, via the Curry-Howard isomorphism,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030059989;9783030059972
Proving a theorem in intuitionistic propositional logic, with implication as its single connective, is known as one of the simplest to state PSPACE-complete problem. At the same time, via the Curry-Howard isomorphism, it is instrumental to find lambda terms that may inhabit a given type. However, as hundreds of papers witness it, all starting with Gentzen's LJ calculus, conceptual simplicity has not come in this case with comparable computational counterparts. Implementing such theorem provers faces challenges related not only to soundness and completeness but also too termination and scalability problems. In search for an efficient but minimalist theorem prover, on the two sides of the Curry-Howard isomorphism, we design a combinatorial testing framework using types inferred for lambda terms as well as all-term and random term generators. We choose Prolog as our meta-language. Being derived from essentially the same formalisms as those we are covering, it reduces the semantic gap and results in surprisingly concise and efficient declarative implementations. Our implementation is available at: https://***/ptarau/TypesAndProofs.
In this thesis, we introduce a novel formal framework to represent and reason about qualitative di-rection and distance relations between extended objects using Answer Set programming (ASP). We take Cardinal Direction...
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In this thesis, we introduce a novel formal framework to represent and reason about qualitative di-rection and distance relations between extended objects using Answer Set programming (ASP). We take Cardinal Directional Calculus (CDC) as a starting point and extend CDC with new sorts of con-straints which involve defaults, preferences and negation. We call this extended version as nCDC. Then we further extend nCDC by augmenting qualitative distance relation and name this extension as nCDC+. For CDC, nCDC, nCDC+, we introduce an ASP-based general framework to solve con-sistency checking problems, address composition and inversion of qualitative spatial relations, infer unknown or missing relations between objects, and find a suitable configuration of objects which fulfills a given inquiry.
ANGELIC is a methodology for encapsulating knowledge of a body of case law. Logiak is a system intended to support the development of logic programs by domain experts, and provides an excellent environment for the rap...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781643680491;9781643680484
ANGELIC is a methodology for encapsulating knowledge of a body of case law. Logiak is a system intended to support the development of logic programs by domain experts, and provides an excellent environment for the rapid realisation of ANGELIC designs. We report our use of Logiak to realise ANGELIC designs, using both Boolean factors and factors with magnitude.
Machine Translation (MT) systems are typically quite complex, especially those used in production environments where high-quality conversational text or speech translation from one language to another is important. As...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728160887
Machine Translation (MT) systems are typically quite complex, especially those used in production environments where high-quality conversational text or speech translation from one language to another is important. As a result, the vast majority of MT systems support translation between a single language pair, often uni-directionally. This research study extends previous work to assess the efficacy of developing a bidirectional translator generator in Prolog programming language using Lexical Functional Grammars. The main research objective is building a machine translator generator for multilingual communication, i.e. developing a system whose inputs are linguistic descriptions of a desired source and target language and whose output is a program that translates between the two natural languages. The implementation of a bidirectional machine translator between English and Hungarian, developed as a proof-of-concept case study, is discussed and assessed in terms of four general classes of translation. The benefits and drawbacks of this approach as generalized to MT systems are also discussed, along with possible areas of future work.
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