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Influence of polymorphisms in toll-like receptors (TLRs) on malaria susceptibility in low-endemic area of the Atlantic Forest, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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ACTA TROPICA 2018年 182卷 309-316页

作者： Guimaraes, Lilian O. Fernandes, Francisco Monteiro, Eliana F. Curado, Izilda Holcman, Marcia M. Wunderlich, Gerhard Santos, Sidney E. Soler, Julia M. Kirchgatter, Karin Univ Sao Paulo Inst Trop Med Superintendence Endem Dis Control Malaria Res Ctr BR-05403000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Inst Math & Stat Dept Stat BR-05508090 Sao Paulo Brazil Superintendence Endem Dis Control Lab Immunoepidemiol BR-01027000 Sao Paulo Brazil Superintendence Endem Dis Control Div Vector Control BR-01027000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Inst Biomed Sci Dept Parasitol BR-05508000 Sao Paulo Brazil Fed Univ Para Inst Biol Sci Lab Human & Med Genet BR-66075110 Belem Para Brazil

In low-endemic areas for malaria transmission, asymptomatic individuals play an important role as reservoirs for malarial infection. Understanding the dynamics of asymptomatic malaria is crucial for its efficient control in these regions. Genetic host factors such as Toll-like receptor CUR) polymorphisms may play a role in the maintenance or elimination of infection. In this study, the effect of TLR polymorphisms on the susceptibility to malaria was investigated among individuals living in the Atlantic Forest of Sao Paulo, Southern Brazil. A hundred and ninety-five Brazilian individuals were enrolled and actively followed up for malaria for three years. Twenty-four polymorphisms in five toll-like receptor (TLR) genes were genotyped by RFLP, direct sequencing or fragment analysis. The genotypes were analyzed for the risk of malaria. Ongoing Plasmodium vivax or P. malaria infection, was identified by the positive results in PCR tests and previous P. vtvax malaria, was assumed when antiplasmodial antibodies against PvMSP1(19) were detected by ELISA. An evaluation of genomic ancestry was conducted using biallelic ancestry informative markers and the results were used as correction in the statistical analysis. Nine SNPs and one microsatellite were found polymorphic and three variant alleles in TLR genes were associated to malaria susceptibility. The regression coefficient estimated for SNP TLR9.-1237.T/C indicated that the presence of at least one allele C increased, on average, 2.3 times the malaria odds, compared to individuals with no allele C in this SNP. However, for individuals with the same sex, age and household, the presence of at least one allele C in SNP TLR9.-1486.T/C reduced, on average, 1.9 times the malaria odds, compared to individuals with no allele C. Moreover, this allele C plus an S allele in TLR6.P249S in individuals with same sex, age and ancestry, reduced, on average, 4.4 times the malaria odds. Our findings indicate a significant association of TL

关键词： Malaria Toll-like receptors Genetic polymorphism Association study logistic regression model Principal components Population structure correction

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Standardized genetic alteration score and predicted score for predicting recurrence status of gastric cancer

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JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2009年第11期135卷 1501-1512页

作者： Kim, Mijung Chung, Hyun Cheol Yonsei Univ Inst Math Sci Seoul 120752 South Korea Yonsei Univ Brain Korea Project Med Sci 21 Dept Internal Med Canc Metastasis Res CtrColl Med Seoul 120752 South Korea

To build a standardized genetic alteration score (SGAS) based on genes that are related to a patient's recurrence status, and to obtain the predicted score (PS) for predicting a patient's recurrence status, which reflects the genetic information of the gastric cancer patient. SGAS was constructed using linear combinations that best account for the variability in the data. This methodology was fit to and validated using cDNA microarray-based CGH data obtained from the Cancer Metastasis Research Center at Yonsei University. When classifying cancer patients, the accuracy was 92.59% in the leave-one-out validation method. SGAS provided PS for the risk of recurrence, which was capable of discriminating a patient's recurrence status. A total of 59 genes were found to have a high frequency of alteration in either the recurrence or non-recurrence status. SGAS was found to be a significant risk factor on recurrence and explained 31% variability of the 59 genes.

关键词： cDNA microarray-based CGH Gene copy number change Correct classification rate Factor analysis logistic regression model

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The factors of female taxi drivers' speeding offenses in Taiwan

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR 2015年第Jul.期32卷 35-45页

作者： Yeh, Ming-Shan Tseng, Chien-Ming Liu, Hsin-Hsien Tseng, Li-Shing Feng Chia Univ Dept Transportat Technol & Management Taichung 54407 Taiwan Minist Transportat & Commun Nantou City 54045 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Ctr Adv Transportat Management Syst Taichung 40724 Taiwan

Females choosing taxi driving as a career is rare, therefore, investigating such samples is often difficult. Speeding is one of the most common driving violations, however, there has been no research looking into female taxi drivers' speeding issue. This study explores the factors of female taxi drivers' speeding offenses in Taiwan. Data is based on a national survey and includes 235 professional female taxi drivers. The results indicate that female taxi drivers work approximately 2737 days per month, at a mean of 9.76 h per day. Of the female taxi drivers represented in this study, 22.8% reported at least one speeding offense over a one-year period. The results of a logistic regression model reveal that the determinant factors associated with female taxi drivers' speeding offenses are significantly related to age, educational level and mileage driven. However, job experience, business operating style, and vehicle engine size are not associated with committing speeding offenses. Practical implications for traffic safety of female taxi drivers are also discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Female taxi driver Speeding offense Driving status Educational level logistic regression model

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STATISTICAL-METHODS FOR DETERMINING PROGNOSIS IN SEVERE HEAD-INJURY

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NEUROSURGERY 1980年第3期6卷 243-248页

作者： STABLEIN, DM MILLER, JD CHOI, SC BECKER, DP MED COLL VIRGINIA DIV NEUROL SURGRICHMONDVA 23298

Determining the prognostic significance of clinical factors for patients with severe head injury can lead to an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of head injury and to improvement in therapy. A technique known as the sequential Bayes method has been used previously for the purpose of prognosis. The application of this method assumes that prognostic factors are statistically independent. It is now known that they are not. Violation of the assumption of independence may produce errors in determining prognosis. As an alternative technique for predicting the outcome of patients with severe head injury, a logistic regression model is proposed. A preliminary evaluation of the method using data from 115 patients with head injury shows the feasibility of using early data to predict outcome accurately and of being able to rank input variables in order of their prognostic significance. (Neurosurgery,6: 243–248, 1980)

关键词： logistic regression model Prognosis Severe head injury

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Efficient experimental designs for sigmoidal growth models

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JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE 2008年第1期138卷 2-17页

作者： Dette, Holger Pepelyshev, Andrey Ruhr Univ Bochum Fak Math D-44780 Bochum Germany St Petersburg State Univ Dept Math St Petersburg Russia

For the Weibull- and Richards-regression model robust designs are determined by maximizing a minimum of D- or D-1-efficiencies, taken over a certain range of the non-linear parameters. It is demonstrated that the derived designs yield a satisfactory solution of the optimal design problem for this type of model in the sense that these designs are efficient and robust with respect to misspecification of the unknown parameters. Moreover, the designs can also be used for testing the postulated form of the regression model against a simplified sub-model. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： sigmoidal growth Weibull regression model exponential regression model Richards-regression model logistic regression model robust optimal design goodness-of-fit test

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Predicting germination probability of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp pekinensis), and cabbage (B-oleracea var. capitata L.) seeds via amino acid leakage parameters

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HORTICULTURE ENVIRONMENT AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013年第5期54卷 388-398页

作者： Min, Tai Gi Choi, Boseung Hong, Ba Reun Daegu Univ Coll Life & Environm Sci Div Life & Environm Sci Gyongsan 712714 South Korea Daegu Univ Dept Comp Sci & Stat Gyongsan 712714 South Korea

The predictability of the seed germination was investigated on radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata L.) using a logistic regression model with amino acid leakage parameters (color intensity and absorbance of seed leachate treated by the ninhydrin reagent) as predictors. Seeds of eight cultivars of naturally-aged and intact radish, seven cultivars of Chinese cabbage, and one cultivar of cabbage were used. The seeds were individually soaked in distilled water and treated with the ninhydrin reagent. A clearly distinct purple color was observed for the treated seed leachate, with intensities varying with the seed quality. Four separate fractions were identified based on their color intensity, colorless, weak, medium, and strong. Nine fractions from the radish seeds, and eleven fractions from the Chinese cabbage and cabbage seeds were identified based on absorbance value of the color. A germination test was conducted with seeds in each fraction identified. The probability of germination was calculated using a logistic regression model based on the color intensity or the absorbance of the seed leachate. For the prediction of germination based on the color intensity of the seed leachate, the percent correct of predicted germination varied from 72 to 99% and from 82 to 97% in the radish and the Chinese cabbage or cabbage cultivars respectively. Also, the percent correct of predicted germination based on the absorbance of the seed leachate varied from 66 to 100% and from 75 to 97% in the radish and the Chinese cabbage or cabbage cultivars, respectively. In conclusion, seed germination was predictable from both the color intensity and absorbance of the seed leachate. However, different cultivars showed differences between the predicted and actual ratio of germination. The Chinese cabbage or cabbage seeds were more applicable to the prediction model than radish seeds, as the relative error of the

关键词： absorbance amino acid leakage Chinese cabbage seed color intensity germination probability logistic regression model ninhydrin reagent radish seed

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The diagnostic value of the combination of carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen, CYFRA 21-1, neuron-specific enolase, tissue polypeptide antigen, and progastrin-releasing peptide in small cell lung cancer discrimination

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS 2021年第4期36卷 36-44页

作者： Chen, Zhimao Liu, Xiangzheng Shang, Xueqian Qi, Kang Zhang, Shijie Peking Univ First Hosp Dept Thorac Surg 8 Xishiku St Beijing 100034 Peoples R China

Background The diagnostic value of six tumor markers was investigated and the appropriate combinations of those tumor markers to discriminate small cell lung cancer was explored. Methods Patients suspected with lung cancer (1938) were retrospectively analyzed. Candidate tumor markers from carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), and progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) were selected to construct a logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for evaluating the diagnostic value of the tumor markers and the predictive model. Results ProGRP had the highest positive rate (72.3%) in diagnosed small cell lung cancer, followed by neuron-specific enolase (68.3%), CYFRA21-1 (50.5%), carcinoembryonic antigen (45.5%), tissue polypeptide antigen (30.7%), and squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (5.9%). The predictive model for small cell lung cancer discrimination was established, which yielded the highest area under the curve (0.888;95% confidence interval: 0.846-0.929), with a sensitivity of 71.3%, a specificity of 95.0%, a positive predictive value of 49.0%, and a negative predictive value of 98.0%. Conclusions Combining tumor markers can improve the efficacy for small cell lung cancer discrimination. A predictive model has been established in small cell lung cancer differential diagnosis with preferable efficacy.

关键词： Small cell lung cancer Tumor marker logistic regression model

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FACTORS THAT PREDICT SPONTANEOUS REMISSION OF ECTOPIC ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA

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EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL 1993年第12期14卷 1654-1656页

作者： KLERSY, C CHIMIENTI, M MARANGONI, E COMELLI, M SALERNO, JA Division of Cardiology Biometric Unit — Scientific Direction and Institute of Medical Statistics IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of Pavia Italy

Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is usually considered as benign and easy to treat. The natural history of the disease, however,has not yet been clarified. The purpose of the study was to analyse its spontaneous evolution in a cohort of EAT patientsand to define a predictive model of remission based on several *** 1973 to 1989, 46 patients (25 male, 21 female), aged 38 ± 18 years, entered the study. Clinically EAT was paroxysmalin 23 patients, permanent in 12 and repetitive in 11; six patients where asymptomatic. Thirty-five complained of palpitations;dyspnoea, dizziness and syncope were also reported less frequently. All patients underwent an electrophysio-logical studyto clarify the mechanism of the arrhythmia and to localize its site of origin. In 15 patients no heart disease was documented,Five patients underwent surgery and were excluded from subsequent analysis. Seven patients where discharged whithout antiarrhythmictreatment. We defined remission as the absence of recurrence of EAT whithin 6 months from withdrawal of therapy. logisticregression was applied to identify potential predictors of remission. Seven clinical and electrophysiological covariates wereentered in the model; univariate and multivariate tests were performed, using the GLIM3 statistical *** a follow-up period of 5.1±4.5 years, 14 instances of remission (34%) were observed in 5/22 patients with paroxysmalEAT, 4/8 patients with permanent EAT and 5/11 patients with repetitive EAT. Mean age of patients with remission was 25±14years vs 45±15 years in the group without remission. No covariate had an independent predictive value. After exclusion ofredundant variables, a restricted model ;was tested and age at onset of EAT appeared to be the only predictor of *** conclusion, spontaneous remission of EAT does not seem to be rare; the younger age of patients with remission could suggestan inflammatory pathogenesis with subsequent healing, whereas in older patients EAT

关键词： ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA logistic regression model

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Probability of surface fire spread in Brazilian rainforest fuels from outdoor experimental measurements

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH 2017年第2期136卷 217-232页

作者： Krieger Filho, Guenther Carlos Bufacchi, Paulo Santos, Jose Carlos Gurgel Veras, Carlos Alberto Alvarado, Ernesto C. Mell, William Carvalho, Joao Andrade, Jr. Univ So Paulo USP Av Prof Mello de Morais 2231 BR-05508030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais INPE Rodovia Presidente Dutra Km 40 BR-12630000 Cachoeira Paulista SP Brazil Univ Brasilia UnB BR-70910900 Brasilia DF Brazil Univ Washington Sch Environm & Forest Sci Mail Box 352100 Seattle WA 98195 USA US Forest Serv Pacific Northwest Res Stn Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab Seattle WA USA Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP Av Ariberto Pereira Cunha 333 BR-12516410 Guaratingueta SP Brazil

This paper describes the development of a logistic model to predict the probability of surface fire spread in Brazilian rainforest fuels from outdoor experimental measurements. Surface fires spread over litter composed mostly of dead leaves and twigs. There were 72 individual outdoor experiments in eighteen sites. The fire propagated in 49% of the experiments. In each experiment, the litter height, litter temperature, unburned litter mass, wet and dry litter mass, soil temperature, wet and dry soil mass, ambient wind velocity, ambient air temperature, ambient air relative humidity and duration of fire spread were measured. Using these data, the rate of fire spread, litter bulk density, litter and soil moisture content, litter load and litter residue fraction were determined. For the sake of analysis, experimental results were classified into two groups: one for which the fire propagated and the other one for which the fire self-extinguished. Analyses of a logistic regression model showed that the relevant parameters for fire propagation are litter height and litter moisture content. Concerning the probability of successful fire propagation, the model showed a true positive rate of 71% and a true negative rate of 84%. The outdoor experiments also served to gather data to improve the understanding of surface fires and to provide input data for future computer simulations.

关键词： Surface fire Brazilian rainforest Flammability logistic regression model

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Determinants of forage adoption and production niches among smallholder farmers in Kenya

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AFRICAN JOURNAL OF RANGE & FORAGE SCIENCE 2017年第3期34卷 157-166页

作者： Njarui, Donald M. G. Gatheru, Mwangi Gichangi, Elias M. Nyambati, Elikana M. Ondiko, Clotilda N. Ndungu-Magiroi, Keziah W. Kenya Agr & Livestock Res Org Katumani Machakos Kenya Kenya Agr & Livestock Res Org Headquarters Nairobi Kenya Kenya Agr & Livestock Res Org Mtwapa Mtwapa Kenya Kenya Agr & Livestock Res Org Kitale Kitale Kenya

A study was conducted to assess factors that influence adoption of forages and choice of production niches in smallholder farms in Kenya. A total of 786 farmers (268 from coastal lowlands, 171 from eastern midlands, 132 from central highlands and 215 from north-western highlands) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire between September 2013 and March 2014. The data analysis was carried out using logistic regression models to evaluate the determinants of adoption of forages and production niches. Land tenure, access to formal education and experience in livestock farming positively and significantly (p < 0.1) influenced the adoption of forages. In contrast, distance to market, farm and household size negatively influenced the adoption of forages. Gender, age, off/non-farm income and number of livestock did not influence adoption of forages. Farm size, agro-ecological zone and type of livestock management system influenced the choice of niches for forage production significantly (p < 0.001). Land tenure did not influence the choice of forage production niche. Improving access to education and secure land tenure can enhance the adoption of forages. Research should focus on developing a decision support tool for assisting farmers to select suitable niches for integrating forages in the farming system.

关键词： agro-ecological zones chi-square crop-livestock farming system cultivated forages logistic regression model

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