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On lossless intra coding in HEVC with 3-tap filters

SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION 2016年 47卷 252-262页

作者： Alvar, Saeed Ranjbar Kamisli, Fatih Middle East Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Cankaya Turkey

This paper presents a pixel-by-pixel spatial prediction method for lossless intra coding within High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC). Previous pixel-by-pixel spatial prediction methods use only two neighboring pixels for prediction, based on the angular projection idea borrowed from block-based intra prediction in lossy coding, or are based on ad hoc methods applied in some intra modes. This paper explores a pixel-by-pixel prediction method which uses three neighboring pixels for prediction according to a two-dimensional correlation model, and develops a unified prediction algorithm applied in all intra modes with optimized prediction weights and neighbors. The prediction weights for each intra mode are determined from a two-stage offline optimization algorithm and a number of aspects are analyzed to determine a good trade-off between complexity and coding gain. The method is implemented in the HEVC reference software and experimental results show that it can achieve an average 1134% bitrate reduction over the default lossless intra coding in HEVC, which is among the best reported results. The method decreases average decoding time by 12.7% while increasing average encoding time by 9.7%. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image coding Video coding lossless coding Infra prediction

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An optimized transform and quantization scheme for HEVC intra lossless coding

ENGINEERING REPORTS

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ENGINEERING REPORTS 2024年第11期6卷

作者： Liu, Xiaojie Yan, Linqi Zhang, Yang Ren, Gang Zhu, Mingdong Henan Inst Technol Data Min & Intelligent Comp Res Ctr Sch Comp Sci & Technol Xinxiang Peoples R China Henan Inst Technol Coll Hosp Xinxiang Peoples R China Henan Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Data Min & Intelligent Comp Res Ctr Xinxiang 453000 Peoples R China

The lossless coding framework of High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) comprises prediction and entropy coding, while omitting the transform process. However, residuals derived from prediction continue to demonstrate significant spatial redundancy, which has the potential to compromise the coding efficiency. This article presents an optimized scheme for HEVC intra lossless coding that integrates transform and quantization. In the proposed scheme, a residual block, generated by HEVC, is partitioned into two components: the coefficient block and the error block. The coefficient block, responsible for lossless coding, is obtained through the adoption of the transform and quantization processes employed in HEVC lossy coding. Subsequently, the error block is derived by predicting the residual block using the generated coefficient block. Both the coefficient block and the error block can be effectively encoded utilizing the existing entropy coding scheme in HEVC lossy coding. Rate-distortion optimization is employed to determine whether the residual block will be partitioned into two components. The proposed scheme is implemented into the HM 12.1 software. Through the utilization of the discrete cosine transform kernel and the discrete sine transform kernel, with a quantization parameter set to 20, on HEVC standard test sequences and the all intra main configuration file, empirical findings substantiate that the proposed methodology attains an average bit-rate reduction of 3.31%, with a maximum improvement of 12.29% in comparison to HEVC lossless coding.

关键词： entropy coding HEVC lossless coding quantization transform

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An improved SPIHT algorithm for lossless image coding

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 2009年第2期19卷 220-228页

作者： Brahimi, Tahar Melit, Ali Khelifi, Fouad Univ Jijel Fac Engn Sci Dept Elect Engn Jijel 18000 Algeria Queens Univ Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN Antrim North Ireland

In this paper, we propose a new wavelet-based lossless image coder that is based on a state-of-the-art algorithm, namely SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees). An algorithmic modification is introduced in order to increase its efficiency. This consists of adding a new test on direct descendants in the sets of type A to process the parent coefficients that are significant due to their nondirect descendants. Also, new sets of type C are defined to perform a separate sorting of the sets that have insignificant children. The idea behind the second proposition is to remove all tests over the entries (A, B and C) since the number of significant sets is much higher than that of insignificant sets. A number of experiments, carried out on various test images, demonstrates significant improvement over the conventional SPIHT for both greyscale and colour images. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： lossless coding Reversible transforms SPIHT coding

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UNIVERSAL lossless coding WITH RANDOM USER ACCESS: THE COST OF INTERACTIVITY

UNIVERSAL LOSSLESS CODING WITH RANDOM USER ACCESS: THE COST ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Aline Roumy Thomas Maugey INRIA Rennes

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

We consider the problem of video compression with free viewpoint interactivity. It is well believed that allowing the user to choose its view will incur some loss in terms of compression efficiency. Here we derive the complete rate-storage region for universal lossless coding under the constraint of choosing the view at the receiver. This leads to a counterintuitive result: freely choosing its view at the receiver incurs a loss in terms of storage only and not in the transmission rate. The gain of the optimal scheme with respect to interactive schemes proposed so far is derived and a practical scheme that achieves this gain is proposed.

关键词： Free viewpoint Source coding with side information Distributed video coding Access Choose Video coding Receivers Video compression Gain lossless coding lossless compression View interactive media

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lossless and near-lossless source coding for multiple access networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2003年第1期49卷 112-128页

作者： Zhao, Q Effros, M CALTECH Dept Elect Engn Pasadena CA 91125 USA

A multiple access source code (MASC) is a source code designed for the following network configuration: a pair of correlated information sequences {X-i}(i=1)(infinity), and {Y-i}(i=1)(infinity) is drawn independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) according to joint probability mass function (p.m.f.) p(x, y);the encoder for each source operates without knowledge of the other source;the decoder jointly decodes the encoded bit streams from both sources. The work of Slepian and Wolf describes all rates achievable by MASCs of infinite coding dimension (n --> infinity) and asymptotically negligible error probabilities (P-e((n)) --> 0). In this paper, we consider the properties of optimal instantaneous MASCs with finite coding dimension (n < infinity) and both lossless (P-e((n)) = 0) and near-lossless (P-e((n)) --> 0) performance. The interest in near-lossless codes is inspired by the discontinuity in the limiting rate region at P-e((n)) = 0 and the resulting performance benefits achievable by using near-lossless MASCs as entropy codes within lossy MASCs. Our central results include generalizations of Huffman and arithmetic codes to the MASC framework for arbitrary p(x, y), n, and P-e((n)) and polynomial-time design algorithms that approximate these optimal solutions.

关键词： arithmetic codes distributed source coding Huffman codes lossless coding near-lossless coding network source coding polynomial complexity Slepian-Wolf Wyner-Ziv codes

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Improve H.264/AVC lossless coding by coefficients reordering

Improve H.264/AVC lossless coding by coefficients reordering

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International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing

作者： Zhouye Gu Weisi Lin Bu-sung Lee Chiew Tong Lau School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781457721915

The Entropy coding module in the H.264 /advanced video coding (AVC) standard was originally designed for lossy video coding and does not yield adequate performance for lossless video coding. In this paper, we analyze the problem with the current lossless coding scheme and therefore propose a Coefficients Reordering based method for H.264/AVC lossless coding. By reordering the position of zigzag-scanned coefficients, the resultant new sequence fits the H.264/AVC entropy coders better. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method achieves about 2.6% and 2.0% bit saving for intra and inter lossless coding compared with the current H.264/AVC fidelity range extensions high profile.

关键词： lossless coding lossless compression Video coding Coefficients

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Context-based lossless image coding using EZW framework

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2001年第4期11卷 554-559页

作者： Ramaswamy, VN Namuduri, KR Ranganathan, N Lucent Technol Bell Labs Adv Multimedia Comm Holmdel NJ 08857 USA Clark Atlanta Univ Ctr Theoret Studies & Phys Syst Atlanta GA 30314 USA Univ S Florida Dept Comp Sci & Engn Microelect Res Ctr Tampa FL 33620 USA

Recent research advances have shown that wavelet-based image-compression techniques offer several advantages over traditional techniques in terms of progressive transmission capability, compression efficiency, and bandwidth utilization. The embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coding technique suggested by Shapiro, and its modification-set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT), suggested by Said and Pearlman-demonstrate the competitive performance of wavelet based compression schemes, The EZW-based lossless image coding framework consists of three stages: 1) reversible discrete wavelet transform;2) hierarchical ordering and selection of wavelet coefficients;and 3) context-modeling-based entropy (arithmetic) coding. The performance of the compression algorithm depends on the choice of various parameters and the implementation strategies employed in all the three stages. This paper proposes different context modeling and selection techniques for efficient entropy encoding of wavelet coefficients, along with the modifications performed to the SPIHT algorithm, The results of several experiments presented in this paper demonstrate the importance of context modeling in the EZW framework. Furthermore, this paper shows that appropriate context modeling improves the performance of compression algorithm after a multilevel subband decomposition is performed.

关键词： context-based entropy coding embedded zerotree wavelet image coding lossless coding

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A hierarchical lossless/lossy coding system for high quality audio up to 192 kHz sampling 24 bit format

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2003年第3期49卷 759-764页

作者： Jin, A Moriya, T Ikeda, K Yang, DT NTT Commun Corp Tokyo Japan NTT Cyber Space Labs Tokyo Japan NTT Intellectual Property Ctr Tokyo Japan

We present a flexible audio coding system for use in the continuous transmission of high-quality (192-kHz sampling rate, 24-bit digitization (mac)) stereo-audio data streams, either live or recorded The system provides both lossless and variable-level lossy quality, quality is selectable to suit a full range of wide- and narrow-band IP networks As input signals for transmission at the server PC, less than nine PCM sound files in different formats are simultaneously encodable, and the efficiency of simultaneous compression is very high. The system is realized by software that runs on a typical PC This gives everyone on an IP network the ability to transmit high-quality sound anywhere within the network An MPEG-4 audio codec provides the core of the lossy coding module.

关键词： lossless coding scalable coding high-quality audio MPEG-4 DVD-audio

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lossless Intra coding in HEVC with Adaptive 3-Tap Filters

Lossless Intra Coding in HEVC with Adaptive 3-Tap Filters

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International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)

作者： Alvar, Saeed Ranjbar Kamisli, Fatih Middle East Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781509037551

In pixel-by-pixel spatial prediction methods for lossless intra coding, the prediction is obtained by a weighted sum of neighboring pixels. The proposed prediction approach in this paper uses a weighted sum of three neighbor pixels according to a two-dimensional correlation model. The weights are obtained after a three step optimization procedure. The first two stages are offline procedures where the computed prediction weights are obtained offline from training sequences. The third stage is an online optimization procedure where the offline obtained prediction weights are further fine-tuned and adapted to each encoded block during encoding using a rate-distortion optimized method and the modification in this third stage is transmitted to the decoder as side information. The results of the simulations show average bit rate reductions of 12.02% and 3.28% over the default lossless intra coding in HEVC and the well-known Sample-based Angular Prediction (SAP) method, respectively.

关键词： video coding lossless coding intra prediction

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PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED PREDICTOR BLENDING TECHNIQUE FOR lossless IMAGE coding

PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZED PREDICTOR BLENDING TECHNIQUE FOR LOSSL...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ulacha, Grzegorz Stasinski, Ryszard West Pomeranian Univ Technol Szczecin Poland Poznan Univ Tech Poznan Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705397

The paper presents a lossless coding method based on predictor blending approach that codes nine widely used benchmark images with the lowest average bitrate ever published. At the same time the algorithm is more time efficient than its most important competitors: TMWLEGO, MRP 0.5, and Multi-WLS. A set of 20 blended predictors is applied, including adaptive RLS/OLS ones, ALCM, CoBALP, and a texture context mapping one. A sophisticated error bias removal method is applied to outputs from few of them. Prediction error is coded using an advanced adaptive context arithmetic coder.

关键词： lossless coding predictor blending adaptive prediction prediction error bias removal adaptive context arithmetic coder

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