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HEVC-based three-layer texture and depth coding for lossless synthesis in 3D video coding

MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2020年第29-30期79卷 20929-20945页

作者： Lee, Jin Young Park, Hyun Wook Sejong Univ Sch Intelligent Mechatron Engn Seoul South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Dept Elect Engn Daejeon South Korea

Efficient lossless coding of a texture image and its corresponding depth map is important to perform accurate view synthesis in 3D applications. In this paper, a novel HEVC-based three-layer texture and depth coding method is proposed for lossless synthesis in 3D video coding. The proposed method performs lossy and lossless texture coding in the first and second layers, respectively. A quantization parameter (QP) in the first lossy coding layer is adaptively selected for each block, based on a relationship between the first and second layers. In the third layer, the lossy depth coding is performed by using synthesis-based depth coding and texture-based depth intra prediction mode. The synthesis-based depth coding technique adopts the lossy coding but guarantees zero synthesis distortion. The texture-based depth intra prediction mode performs the depth prediction by using the associated texture information. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method obtains higher coding performance than conventional lossless coding methods.

关键词： 3D video coding Depth coding HEVC lossless coding lossless synthesis

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SPECK-based lossless multispectral image coding

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2008年第1期15卷 69-72页

作者： Khelifi, Fouad Kurugollu, Fatih Bouridane, Ahmed Queens Univ Belfast Sch Elect Elect Engn & Comp Sci Belfast BT7 1NN Antrim North Ireland

This letter proposes an efficient extension of the Set Partitioning Embedded bloCK (SPECK) algorithm to lossless multispectral image coding. Such a wavelet-based coder is widely referred to in the literature, especially for lossless image coding, and is considered to be one of the most efficient techniques exhibiting very low computational complexity when compared with other state-of-the-art coders. The modification proposed in this letter is simple and provides significant improvement over the conventional SPECK. The key idea is to join each group of two consecutive wavelet-transformed spectral bands during the SPECK coding since they show high similarities with respect to insignificant sets at the same locations. Simulation results, carried out on a number of test images, demonstrate that this grouping procedure considerably saves on the bit budget for encoding the multispectral images.

关键词： lossless coding Set Partitioning Embedded bloCK (SPECK) algorithm spectral redundancy

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Piecewise Mapping in HEVC lossless Intra-Prediction coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 2016年第9期25卷 4004-4004页

作者： Sanchez, Victor Auli-Llinas, Francesc Serra-Sagrista, Joan Univ Warwick Dept Comp Sci Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England Univ Autonoma Barcelona Dept Informat & Commun Engn E-08193 Barcelona Spain

The lossless intra-prediction coding modality of the High Efficiency Video coding standard provides high coding performance while allowing frame-by-frame basis access to the coded data. This is of interest in many professional applications, such as medical imaging, automotive vision, and digital preservation in libraries and archives. Various improvements to lossless intra-prediction coding have been proposed recently, most of them based on sample-wise prediction using differential pulse code modulation (DPCM). Other recent proposals aim at further reducing the energy of intra-predicted residual blocks. However, the energy reduction achieved is frequently minimal due to the difficulty of correctly predicting the sign and magnitude of residual values. In this paper, we pursue a novel approach to this energy-reduction problem using piecewise mapping (pwm) functions. In particular, we analyze the range of values in residual blocks and apply accordingly a pwm function to map specific residual values to unique lower values. We encode the appropriate parameters associated with the pwm functions at the encoder, so that the corresponding inverse pwm functions at the decoder can map values back to the same residual values. These residual values are then used to reconstruct the original signal. This mapping is, therefore, reversible and introduces no losses. We evaluate the pwm functions on 4 x 4 residual blocks computed after DPCM-based prediction for lossless coding of a variety of camera-captured and screen content sequences. Evaluation results show that the pwm functions can attain the maximum bit-rate reductions of 5.54% and 28.33% for screen content material compared with DPCM-based and block-wise intra-prediction, respectively. Compared with intra-block copy, piecewise mapping can attain the maximum bit-rate reductions of 11.48% for a camera-captured material.

关键词： HEVC intra-prediction lossless coding DPCM SAP piecewise mapping

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lossless Sparse Temporal coding for SNN-based Classification of Time-Continuous Signals

Lossless Sparse Temporal Coding for SNN-based Classification...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE)

作者： Loh, Johnson Gemmeke, Tobias Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Chair Integrated Digital Syst & Circuit Design Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396249

Ultra-low power classification systems using spiking neural networks (SNN) promise efficient processing for mobile devices. Temporal coding represents activations in an artificial neural network (ANN) as binary signaling events in time, thereby minimizing circuit activity. Discrepancies in numeric results are inherent to common conversion schemes, as the atomic computing unit, i.e. the neuron, performs algorithmically different operations and, thus, potentially degrading SNN's quality of service (QoS). In this work, a lossless conversion method is derived in a top-down design approach for continuous time signals using electrocardiogram (ECG) classification as an example. As a result, the converted SNN achieves identical results compared to its fixed-point ANN reference. The computations, implied by proposed method, result in a novel hybrid neuron model located in between the integrate-and-fire (IF) and conventional ANN neuron, which numerical result is equivalent to the latter. Additionally, a dedicated SNN accelerator is implemented in 22nm FDSOI CMOS suitable for continuous real-time classification. The direct comparison with an equivalent ANN counterpart shows that power reductions of 2.32x and area reductions of 7.22x are achievable without loss in QoS.

关键词： ANN-SNN mapping lossless coding sparse temporal coding application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)

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lossless Medical Image Compression through lightweight Binary Arithmetic coding 40

Lossless Medical Image Compression through lightweight Binar...

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Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XL

作者： Bartrina-Rapesta, Joan Sanchez, Victor Serra-Sagrista, Joan Marcellin, Michael W. Auli-Llinas, Francesc Blanes, Ian Univ Autonoma Barcelona Dept Informat & Commun Engn ETSE E-08193 Barcelona Cerdanyola Del Spain Univ Warwick Dept Comp Sci Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England Univ Arizona Elect & Comp Engn Tucson AZ 85721 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510612501

ISBN: (纸本)9781510612501;9781510612495

A contextual lightweight arithmetic coder is proposed for lossless compression of medical imagery. Context definition uses causal data from previous symbols coded, an inexpensive yet efficient approach. To further reduce the computational cost, a binary arithmetic coder with fixed-length codewords is adopted, thus avoiding the normalization procedure common in most implementations, and the probability of each context is estimated through bitwise operations. Experimental results are provided for several medical images and compared against state-of-the-art coding techniques, yielding on average improvements between nearly 0.1 and 0.2 bps.

关键词： Medical Image Compression CCSDS-123 lossless coding Arithmetic coding

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HEVC-Based Video coding with lossless Region of Interest for Tele-Medicine Applications

HEVC-Based Video Coding with Lossless Region of Interest for...

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20th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP)

作者： Chen, Heng Braeckman, Geert Satti, Shahid Mahmood Schelkens, Peter Munteanu, Adrian Vrije Univ Brussel Dept Elect & Informat Pl Laan 2 Brussels Belgium iMinds Dept Future Media & Imaging Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781479909414;9781479909421

This paper presents a novel video coding system based on High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) for telemedicine applications. The proposed system follows a two-layer design approach which employs the next-generation HEVC video compression standard for the base layer. The enhancement layer includes additional information for refining the quality of a user-defined region of interest (ROI) in each video frame. When the base layer and the enhancement layer are combined at the decoder side, the content in the ROI is losslessly reconstructed whereas the remaining part of the video frame is decoded at base layer quality. Performance evaluations are carried out using YCbCr 4:4:4 video sequences with mixed synthetic and medical contents. The proposed system demonstrates superior rate-distortion performance compared to HEVC intra encoding and achieves up to 3.15% bit-rate reduction compared to the proposed system without ROI support.

关键词： HEVC region of interest lossless coding telemedicine applications

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IMPROVED PROBABILITY MODELLING FOR EXCEPTION HANDLING IN lossless SCREEN CONTENT coding

IMPROVED PROBABILITY MODELLING FOR EXCEPTION HANDLING IN LOS...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Strutz, Tilo Leipzig Univ Telecommun Deutsch Telekom AG Inst Commun Engn Gustav Freytag Str 43-45 D-04277 Leipzig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066315

Competitive methods for lossless screen content coding are based on modelling of probability distributions. The most effective approach for losslessly compressing images with up to 90 000 colours is known as 'soft context formation' (SCF). It scans the image to be compressed for repeating patterns and creates corresponding colour histograms. This yields excellent compression results as long as the actual pattern-based histogram contains the colour of the next pixel to be processed. If this colour is not contained, an exception handling is required by sending a special non-colour symbol (escape). This paper proposes an enhanced version of this exception handling coding. Instead of only using a pattern-based estimation, the probability of the escape symbol is now additionally modelled based on local dependencies of exception events. The combination of both estimates leads to 2.0% decrease of bitrate. In comparison to FLIF, FP8v3, and HEVC (HM-16.20+SCM-8.8), the entire SCF method achieves savings of about 26%, 8%, and 12% on average for images with less than 90 000 different colours (for 720p format).

关键词： probability distribution modelling lossless coding colour image compression screen content coding

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A design of lossy and lossless scalable audio coding 25

A design of lossy and lossless scalable audio coding

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing

作者： Moriya, T Iwakami, N Jin, A Mori, T NTT Labs Musashino Tokyo 1808585 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780362934

This paper proposes a lossless audio coding scheme making use of high-compression lossy coding such as the ISO/IEC MPEG-4 audio standard. The encoding process consists of lossy compression, bit slice lossless data conversion, and lossless coding. The lossy compression significantly reduces the amplitude of the error signal between the input signal and the reconstructed signal. In addition, bit slice data conversion makes the lossless coding more efficient. As a result of preliminary experiment, a total file size can be reduced to 70 - 50% of the original size, which is significantly more efficient than conventional universal lossless coding schemes such as "gzip". The resultant compressed data is useful for various applications, since it has bitrate scalability and can be used as a highly compressed signal as well as a lossless signal.

关键词： lossless Audio coding lossy compression lossless coding lossless compression input signal ERROR SIGNAL File Size data conversion Scalability

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Improving Inter Prediction in HEVC with Residual DPCM for lossless Screen Content coding

Improving Inter Prediction in HEVC with Residual DPCM for Lo...

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Picture coding Symposium (PCS)

作者： Naccari, Matteo Blasi, Saverio G. Mrak, Marta Izquierdo, Ebroul British Broadcasting Corp R&D 56 Wood Lane London W12 7SB England Queen Mary Univ London London E1 4NS England

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902941

Video content containing computer generated objects is usually denoted as screen content and is becoming popular in applications such as desktop sharing, wireless displays, etc. Screen content images and videos are characterized by high frequency details such as sharp edges and high contrast image areas. On these areas classical lossy encoding tools - spatial transform plus quantization - may significantly compromise their quality and intelligibility. Therefore, lossless coding is used instead and improved coding tools should be specifically devised for screen content. In this context this paper proposes a residual differential pulse code modulation (RDPCM) applied to inter predicted residuals and tested in the context of the HEVC range extension development. The proposed method exploits the spatial correlation present in blocks containing edges or text areas which are poorly predicted by motion compensation. In addition to the baseline inter RDCPM, two improvements to the compression efficiency and the overall throughput are presented and assessed. When compared to HEVC lossless coding as specified in Version 1 of the standard, the proposed algorithm achieves up to 8% average bitrate reduction while not increasing the overall decoding complexity.

关键词： differential pulse code modulation lossless High efficiency video coding Screen lossless coding lossless compression COMPRESSION EFFICIENCY Videotapes Motion compensation Quantization

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IMPROVED CABAC DESIGN IN H.264/AVC FOR lossless DEPTH MAP coding

IMPROVED CABAC DESIGN IN H.264/AVC FOR LOSSLESS DEPTH MAP CO...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Heo, Jin Ho, Yo-Sung Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol Kwangju South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781612843490

The depth map represents three-dimensional (3D) data and is used for depth image-based rendering (DIBR) to synthesize virtual views. Since the quality of synthesized virtual views highly depends on the quality of the depth map, we encode the depth map by lossless coding mode. However, context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) for the H.264/AVC standard does not guarantee the best coding performance for lossless depth map coding because CABAC was originally designed for lossy coding. In this paper, we propose an improved coding method of CABAC for lossless depth map coding considering the statistical properties of residual data from lossless depth map coding. Experimental results show that the proposed CABAC method provides approximately 4.3% bit saving, compared to the original CABAC in H.264/AVC.

关键词： H.264/AVC CABAC lossless coding depth map

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