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Hwa-Byung Among Middle-Aged Korean Women: Family Relationships, Gender-Role Attitudes, and Self-Esteem

HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2014年第5期35卷 495-511页

作者： Kim, Eunha Hogge, Ingrid Ji, Peter Shim, Young R. Lothspeich, Catherine Adler Sch Profess Psychol Dept Counseling Chicago IL 60602 USA Asian Hlth Coalit Chicago IL USA Adler Sch Profess Psychol Dept Clin Psychol Chicago IL 60602 USA Cuyahoga Community Coll Dept Psychol Chicago IL USA Adapt Illinois Chicago IL USA

We surveyed 395 Korean middle-aged women and examined how their perceptions of family relationships, gender-role attitudes, and self-esteem were associated with Hwa-Byung (HB;Korean anger syndrome). Our regression analyses revealed that participants who reported worse family relationship problems experienced more HB symptoms. Having profeminist, egalitarian attitudes toward women's gender roles was also associated with more HB symptoms. Self-esteem was not significantly associated with HB. Based on the results, we suggest that what is crucial to understanding HB is not how women evaluate themselves, but rather the level of stress caused by family relationship problems and their perception of women's roles.

关键词： ANGER CULTURE MARITAL status PERCEPTION SELF-esteem -- Testing SELF-perception GENDER role SURVEYS FAMILY relations MULTIPLE regression analysis medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Typical and Atypical Development of Visual Attention in 3-to 9-Month-Old Infants

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INFANCY 2014年第6期19卷 519-542页

作者： Colaizzi, Janna Aubuchon-Endsley, Nicki Grant, Stephanie L. Kennedy, Tay S. Thomas, David G. Oklahoma State Univ Dept Psychol Stillwater OK 74078 USA Idaho State Univ Dept Psychol Pocatello ID 83209 USA Oklahoma State Univ Dept Nutr Sci Stillwater OK 74078 USA

The interactions between attention and stimulus encoding in infancy were examined using heart rate (HR) and visual habituation measures. At 3, 6, and 9 months of age, infants (N = 119) were habituated to an adult face;longest look (LL) duration was measured as an indicator of encoding speed. Three groups were formed based on LL change from 3 to 9 months: Large Decrease, Small Decrease, and Increase. Using concurrent electrocardiograph recordings, attention was measured through the percentage of looking time in orienting, sustained attention, and attention termination. We partially replicated previous findings regarding developmental patterns of attention in these three groups, notably that these patterns were different for the Increase group. Looks away from the stimulus were also assessed in each attentional phase and, as predicted, HR acceleration phases showed less visual engagement than HR deceleration phases. We also found anomalous behavior for the LL Increase group. In general, this small but distinct group showed similarities at 3 months to the presumably more mature behavior of typical 9 month olds, but by 9 months, they behaved more like typical 3 month olds regarding some, but not all, cognitive measures. These results are discussed in the context of the development of endogenous attention.

关键词： ANALYSIS of variance ATTENTION in children CORRELATION (Statistics) ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY HEART beat RESEARCH -- Finance STATISTICS VIDEO recording VISUAL perception in children SAMPLE size (Statistics) DATA analysis REPEATED measures design medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics ODDS ratio

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Telling the Story of Stepfamily Beginnings: The Relationship between Young-adult Stepchildren's Stepfamily Origin Stories and their Satisfaction with the Stepfamily

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JOURNAL OF FAMILY COMMUNICATION 2014年第2期14卷 149-166页

作者： Kellas, Jody Koenig Baxter, Leslie LeClair-Underberg, Cassandra Thatcher, Matthew Routsong, Tracy Normand, Emily Lamb Braithwaite, Dawn O. Univ Nebraska Dept Commun Studies 428 Oldfather Hall Lincoln NE 68588 USA Univ Iowa Dept Commun Studies Iowa City IA 52242 USA Arkansas State Univ Dept Commun Studies State Univ AR 72467 USA Washburn Univ Dept Commun Topeka KS 66621 USA Olivet Nazarene Univ Dept Commun Olivet MI USA

The current study adopts a narrative perspective in examining the content of 80 stepchildren's stepfamily origin stories. Results reveal five types of stepfamily origin stories: Sudden, Dark-sided, Ambivalent, Idealized, and Incremental. Results support the hypothesis that story type would predict differences in family satisfaction;stepchildren who described their stepfamily origins as Idealized were more satisfied than those whose origins were Dark-sided or Sudden. Overall, participants framed their stepfamily identity more positively when their stepfamily beginnings were characterized by closeness, friendship, and even expected ups and downs, rather than when they were left out of the process of negotiating or forming the stepfamily and when the beginnings were tainted by issues they considered to be dark. Stepparents or practitioners may benefit from these findings by examining themeans by which stepparents may involve stepchildren in the process of stepfamily courtship, facilitate closeness, and set up realistic expectations for negotiating stepfamily life.

关键词： ANALYSIS of variance INTERVIEWING QUESTIONNAIRES SATISFACTION STATISTICS STEPFAMILIES STORYTELLING DATA analysis FAMILY relations NARRATIVES medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Healthy Aging in Place: Perceptions of Rural Older Adults

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EDUCATIONAL GERONTOLOGY 2014年第5期40卷 327-337页

作者： Bacsu, Juanita Jeffery, Bonnie Abonyi, Sylvia Johnson, Shanthi Novik, Nuelle Martz, Diane Oosman, Sarah Univ Saskatchewan Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth SPHERU Saskatoon SK S7N 1K2 Canada Univ Regina Fac Social Work SPHERU Prince Albert SK Canada Univ Regina Fac Kinesiol & Hlth Studies SPHERU Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada Univ Regina Fac Social Work SPHERU Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Dept Geog & Planning SPHERU Saskatoon SK S7N 1K2 Canada Univ Saskatchewan Sch Phys Therapy SPHERU Saskatoon SK S7N 1K2 Canada

To date, initiatives to support healthy aging in place have focused primarily on the views of policy makers, researchers, and health professionals. This article explored the meanings, experiences, and perceptions of healthy aging in place among rural older adults. Guided by a community-based participatory research approach, this study sheds light on the perspectives of rural seniors themselves. Through semistructured interviews with 40 rural older adults, the study found that rural older adults' conceptualization of healthy aging in place consisted of factors that policy makers and health professionals would not necessarily consider. In contrast to biomedical approaches, the rural older adults situated healthy aging in place within a more holistic context of health, ranging from social interaction to maintaining an optimistic mental outlook. If policy makers and researchers are to develop more effective interventions that support rural healthy aging in place, then the importance of rural older adults' perspectives, experiences, and input must be recognized.

关键词： AGING ATTITUDE (Psychology) COGNITION CULTURE FAMILIES FRIENDSHIP INTERPERSONAL relations INTERVIEWING LIFE RESEARCH -- Methodology OPTIMISM RURAL conditions THEMATIC analysis DATA analysis -- Software medical coding

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On the relationship between justice and forgiveness: Are all forms of justice made equal?

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014年第3期53卷 463-483页

作者： Wenzel, Michael Okimoto, Tyler G. Flinders Univ S Australia Adelaide SA 5001 Australia Univ Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia

This research investigates whether, following a wrongdoing, the restoration of justice promotes forgiveness. Three studies - one correlational recall study and two experimental scenario studies - provide evidence that while a restored sense of justice is overall positively related to forgiveness, forgiveness is highly dependent on the means of justice restoration being retributive (punitive) versus restorative (consensus-seeking) in nature. The findings showed that, overall, restorative but not retributive responses led to greater forgiveness. Although both retributive and restorative responses appeared to increase forgiveness indirectly through increased feelings of justice, for retributive responses these effects were counteracted by direct effects on forgiveness. Moreover, the experimental evidence showed that, while feelings of justice derived from restorative responses were positively related to forgiveness, feelings of justice derived from retributive responses were not.

关键词： HYPOTHESIS CHI-squared test COLLEGE students CONFIDENCE intervals CORRELATION (Statistics) FORGIVENESS QUESTIONNAIRES FINANCING of research SAMPLING (Statistics) SELF-evaluation SOCIAL justice MULTIPLE regression analysis RANDOMIZED controlled trials DATA analysis software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Negative Communication Behaviors During Family Problem Solving: Cohesion as a Moderator in a Growth Curve Analysis

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JOURNAL OF FAMILY COMMUNICATION 2014年第2期14卷 95-111页

作者： McGuigan, William M. Vuchinich, Sam Tang, Chiung-Ya Penn State Univ Dept Human Dev & Family Studies 147 Shenango Ave Shenango PA 16146 USA Oregon State Univ Dept Human Dev & Family Sci Corvallis OR 97331 USA

Using archived data a multilevel model examined change in negative communication behaviors of three family members (mother, father and preadolescent) across four sequential family problem solving sessions in the home. The sample included 756 problem-solving sessions, nested within 189 individuals, within 63 families. Basic tenets of family therapy were used to examine the effect of the occasions of measurement, revealing that communication was less negative when the adolescent selected the problem. The individual level analysis was guided by a conflict structure perspective that found adolescents (in general) showed more negative communication behaviors than parents. At the family level, scores on the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III) were significantly related to changes in negative communication behaviors. A significant interaction between FACES III scores and negative communication behaviors showed negativity increased across sessions in families that scored lower on the FACES III, but decreased in families that scored higher.

关键词： CHI-squared test COMMUNICATION FAMILIES PARENTS PROBLEM solving QUESTIONNAIRES RESEARCH SELF-evaluation VIDEO recording FAMILY relations medical coding

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Women's Help Seeking for Intimate Partner Violence in Jordan

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HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2014年第4期35卷 380-399页

作者： Spencer, Rachael A. Shahrouri, Manal Halasa, Louma Khalaf, Inaam Clark, Cari Jo UNDP Iraq Global Fund Project Amman Jordan Al Ahaliyya Amman Univ Dept Nursing Amman Jordan Univ Jordan Fac Nursing Amman Jordan Univ Minnesota Sch Med Minneapolis MN 55414 USA

Little is known about Jordanian women's help seeking for intimate partner violence (IPV), despite local and international investment in victim services. Using a clinic based survey (n = 517;response rate 70%) and focus group discussions (FGDs, n = 17) we explored Jordanian women's nonfamily help seeking for physical or sexual IPV. We evaluated survey data using bivariate and multivariate regression and examined FGD transcripts using open coding methodology. Nonfamily help seeking was uncommon, an option only in serious circumstances after familial help was ineffective, and correlated with violence severity and relative violence. Nonfamily resources are underutilized but critical for vulnerable Jordanian women.

关键词： ABUSED women FOCUS groups HELP-seeking behavior QUESTIONNAIRES REGRESSION analysis RESEARCH -- Finance SURVEYS TRANSLATIONS VARIABLES (Mathematics) VICTIMS SOCIOECONOMIC factors DISEASE prevalence INTIMATE partner violence medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Second language acquisition of English questions: An elicited production study

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APPLIED PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 2014年第6期35卷 1055-1086页

作者： Pozzan, Lucia Quirk, Erin Univ Penn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA CUNY New York NY USA

The present study investigates the role of the syntactic properties of the first and the target language on second language (L2) learners' production of English main and embedded clause questions. The role of the first language (L1) was investigated by comparing the production of L2 learners whose L1s (Chinese and Spanish) differ from English and each other in terms of word order in main and embedded clause questions. The role of the target language was investigated by comparing L2 learners' production of yes/no and adjunct and argument wh-questions. The results indicate that the L1 is not a predictor of L2 learners' production patterns for either main or embedded clause questions. The linguistic properties of the target language, on the contrary, predict learners' accuracy and inversion profiles. In line with data from the English L1 acquisition literature, L2 learners produced higher inversion rates in main clause yes/no than in wh-questions, and particularly low inversion rates with why-questions. In line with data from nonstandard varieties of English and preliminary evidence from L1 acquisition, L2 learners produced higher nonstandard inversion rates in embedded clause wh-questions than in yes/no questions. Taken together, these results highlight that L2 production is affected and constrained by the same factors at play in L1 acquisition and dialectal variation.

关键词： ANALYSIS of variance CHINESE COMPARATIVE grammar LINGUISTICS MULTILINGUALISM PAIRED comparisons (Mathematics) STATISTICS DATA analysis DATA analysis -- Software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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A Glimpse Into the World of Battered Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Women in Israel: A Follow-Up Study on Women Who Resided in a Shelter

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HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2014年第4期35卷 400-422页

作者： Shechory-Bitton, Mally Ariel Univ Dept Criminol IL-40700 Ariel Israel Bar Ilan Univ Dept Criminol Ramat Gan Israel

Using a mixed-methods approach to content analysis, we interviewed 88 ultra-Orthodox Jewish women who had endured spousal abuse and chose to find refuge in the only shelter in Israel specifically designated for religious women. All had experienced some type of spousal abuse for several years. The majority summarized the period they spent in the shelter in positive terms and reported that they had developed personal strength and that their social and family relationships had improved. About half of them described the postshelter period in positive terms, while the rest described it in both positive and negative terms or in negative terms only. Negative themes were mostly related to the women's economic situation and to emotional and behavioral problems of their children. Further research is required to expand existing knowledge regarding this population.

关键词： JEWS ABUSED women CONTENT analysis (Communication) FAMILIES INTERVIEWING LONGITUDINAL method RESEARCH -- Methodology PUBLIC housing QUESTIONNAIRES U-statistics SOCIAL support INTIMATE partner violence medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Reciprocal Positive Affect and Well-Regulated, Adjusted Children: A Unique Contribution of Fathers

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PARENTING-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2014年第1期14卷 28-46页

作者： Thomassin, Kristel Suveg, Cynthia Harvard Univ Dept Psychol Cambridge MA 02138 USA Univ Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Objective. The study investigated real-time, sequential exchanges of affect in both mother-child and father-child dyads within a triadic framework. Child emotion dysregulation was examined as a mechanism by which parent-child reciprocal positive and negative affect are associated with child psychopathology symptoms. Design. Fifty-onemother-father-child (aged 7-12 years) triads participated in an emotion discussion task, and behavioral observations were coded for negative and positive affect. Parents completed measures of child psychopathology symptoms and emotion regulation skills. Results. Although mothers exhibited greater levels of positive emotional reciprocity than fathers, father-child reciprocal positive affect was uniquely associated with child symptoms of psychopathology. Child emotion dysregulation mediated the relation between paternal reciprocal positive affect and child symptoms;mediational models did not hold for mothers. Conclusions. Fathers play a unique role in boys' and girls' development of symptoms of psychopathology through child emotion dysregulation.

关键词： AFFECT (Psychology) ANALYSIS of variance CORRELATION (Statistics) PARENTING PATHOLOGICAL psychology RESEARCH -- Finance SCALE analysis (Psychology) STATISTICS VIDEO recording REPEATED measures design DATA analysis -- Software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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