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Matroniya: The Lived Experiences of Rural Auxiliary Midwives in Koutiala, Mali

HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2013年第6期34卷 482-498页

作者： Warren, Nicole Norr, Kathleen F. Keeney, Gwen Brumbaugh Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Community Publ Hlth Nursing Sch Nursing Baltimore MD 21210 USA Univ Illinois Coll Nursing Dept Women Children & Family Hlth Sci Chicago IL USA

Our team explored the lived experiences of rural auxiliary midwives, or matrones, in Mali. Since matrones attend more births than all other health workers combined, they are critical to efforts to reduce maternal mortality. Currently, their experiences are not well understood. This study used interpretive phenomenology to describe the experiences of seven matrones. We suggest that matrones provide a vital connection between traditional approaches to birth and the biomedical services offered by the formal health sector. Matrones' unique role as both health professionals and rural women creates challenges and opportunities that affect their effectiveness and personal lives.

关键词： EXPERIENCE INTERVIEWING PHENOMENOLOGY MIDWIVES RURAL conditions SOUND recordings QUALITATIVE research THEMATIC analysis DATA analysis -- Software medical coding

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Postdischarge Transitional Care Management: A Reimbursable Service in 2013

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY 2013年第4期61卷 665-666页

作者： Ota, Ken S. Beutler, David S. Loli, Akil I. Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr Dept Transit Care Med Phoenix AZ USA Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr Cardiol Fellowship Program Phoenix AZ USA

A letter to the editor is presented which is concerned with the postdischarge transitional care management of patients discharged from an inpatient setting.

关键词： CONTINUUM of care METHODOLOGY HEALTH insurance reimbursement DISCHARGE planning medical coding

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Working Hard: Women's Self-Care Practices in Ghana

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HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2013年第8期34卷 651-673页

作者： Theroux, Rosemary Klar, Robin Toft Messenger, Linda Univ Massachusetts Grad Sch Nursing Worcester MA 01605 USA Univ Massachusetts Mem Med Ctr Worcester MA 01605 USA Concord Hosp Concord MA USA

Women's health care providers have noted an increased infant mortality rate among Ghanaian immigrants. We conducted focus groups with 17 women in Ghana. We asked them how they maintained their health both before and during pregnancy. When discussing their health, women repeatedly described the conditions or context of their daily lives and the traditional practices that they used to stay healthy. Knowledge of women's lives, the health care system that they previously used, and their cultural practices can be utilized by health care providers to more fully assess their patients and design more culturally appropriate care for this group of women.

关键词： ABORTION CONTRACEPTION DIET ETHNIC groups FOCUS groups HEALTH behavior INFANT mortality INTERVIEWING RESEARCH -- Methodology medical care -- Evaluation medical personnel NUTRITION PARTICIPANT observation PREGNANCY SAMPLING (Statistics) HEALTH self-care WOMEN -- Health ETHNOLOGY -- Research THEMATIC analysis DATA analysis -- Software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Development and validation of a health informatics algorithm for identifying major head and neck cancer surgery amidst Hospital Episode Statistics data

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CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY 2013年第2期38卷 186-188页

作者： Nouraei, S. A. R. Xie, C. Hudosvky, A. Middleton, S. E. Mace, A. D. Clarke, P. M. Charing Cross Hosp Dept Otolaryngol London England Charing Cross Hosp London England Dr Foster Intelligence London England

The article presents a study which aims to validate a health informatics algorithm for head and neck cancer surgery identification. It mentions that the Delphi process with input from head and neck cancer clinician, clinical coders, and analysts of health informatics was used in developing the algorithm. It cites that medical case note review conducted by two independent clinicians was used to validate the algorithm which yielded sensitivity of 91.8% and a specificity of 98.8%.

关键词： HEAD & neck cancer ONCOLOGIC surgery medical informatics ALGORITHMS medical coding

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Adolescents' Perceptions of Family Dynamics When a Sibling Has Chronic Pain

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CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2013年第4期42卷 333-352页

作者： Gorodzinsky, Ayala Y. Davies, W. Hobart Tran, Susan T. Medrano, Gustavo R. Bernacki, Jessica M. Burks, Lisa M. Khan, Kimberly Anderson Hainsworth, Keri R. Weisman, Steven J. Univ Wisconsin Dept Psychol Milwaukee WI 53201 USA Stanford Sch Med Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Stanford CA USA Med Coll Wisconsin Dept Anesthesiol Milwaukee WI 53226 USA

This qualitative study presents the experiences of youth with chronic pain and their siblings, and their perspectives on how pain experiences influence family dynamics. Most siblings reported changes to many aspects of their relationships, family processes, and increased responsibilities as a result of the patients' pain experiences, whereas most patients did not report significant changes to their relationships or family processes. Professionals treating adolescents with chronic pain may find siblings to be a valuable, but overlooked, source of information on family dynamics and illness influence on family relationships.

关键词： ATTITUDE (Psychology) -- Testing BROTHERS & sisters CHRONIC pain FAMILIES QUALITATIVE research THEMATIC analysis medical coding

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The Impact of Mispronunciations on Toddler Word Recognition: Evidence for Cascaded Activation of Semantically Related Words from Mispronunciations of Familiar Words

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INFANCY 2013年第6期18卷 1030-1052页

作者： Altvater-Mackensen, Nicole Mani, Nivedita Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci Res Grp Early Social Dev D-04103 Leipzig Germany Univ Gottingen Res Grp Language Acquisit Gottingen Germany

While the specificity of infants' early lexical representations has been studied extensively, researchers have only recently begun to investigate how words are organized in the developing lexicon and what mental representations are activated during processing of a word. Integrating these two lines of research, the current study asks how specific the phonological match between a perceived word and its stored form has to be in order to lead to (cascaded) lexical activation of related words during infant lexical processing. We presented German 24-month-olds with a cross-modal semantic priming task where the prime word was either correctly or incorrectly pronounced. Results indicate that correct pronunciations and mispronunciations both elicit similar semantic priming effects, suggesting that the infant word recognition system is flexible enough to handle deviations from the correct form. This might be an important prerequisite to children's ability to cope with imperfect input and to recognize words under more challenging circumstances.

关键词： ANALYSIS of variance RESEARCH -- Finance VIDEO recording TASK performance REPEATED measures design RESEARCH methodology evaluation DATA analysis -- Software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics ACOUSTIC stimulation (Neurophysiology)

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Affective reactions to a pay system reform and their impact on employee behaviour

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JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013年第1期86卷 100-118页

作者： Tenhiala, Aino Lount, Robert B., Jr. Aalto Univ Dept Ind Engn & Management Sch Sci Espoo 02150 Finland Ohio State Univ Fisher Coll Business Columbus OH 43210 USA

Consistent with some of the central tenets of Affective Events Theory, we argue in this study that viewing the introduction of a new pay system as an affective event can help to explain employee attitudes and behaviours. This study examines the impact of employees' initial affective reactions to a pay system reform on subsequent behaviours. The data were collected across 2years in a context where a new pay system was implemented. We were able to match affective responses at the beginning of the reform with behavioural responses at the end of the reform and turnover data (N=267495). Positive affective reactions predicted higher levels of voice and, through organizational commitment, lower levels of turnover. Negative affective reactions predicted higher levels of voice and helping behaviours. These results shed light on how affective reactions can influence employee behaviours and attitudes following an important work event, such as the introduction of a new compensation system. The implications for theory and practice are discussed. Practitioner Points The results of the study suggest that the implementation of a new pay system can induce long-lasting emotional responses which have implications for employee attitudes and behaviour. For example, positive affective reactions were associated with lower levels of turnover. As both positive and negative affective reactions were associated with expressing more voice, organizations may think about increasing the opportunity for employees to express their voice (e.g., having extra opportunities to talk with a manager or allowing for anonymous feedback) following the introduction of a pay system.

关键词： EMPLOYEES -- Attitudes LABOR turnover QUESTIONNAIRES SAMPLING (Statistics) UNIVERSITIES & colleges WAGES HYPOTHESIS AFFECT (Psychology) BEHAVIOR COMMITMENT (Psychology) FACTOR analysis JUDGMENT (Psychology) LONGITUDINAL method PSYCHOLOGY SCALE analysis (Psychology) SCALES (Weighing instruments) SURVEYS T-test (Statistics) THEORY MULTIPLE regression analysis medical coding

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Investigating the Relation Between Infants' Manual Activity With Objects and Their Perception of Dynamic Events

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INFANCY 2013年第6期18卷 983-1006页

作者： Baumgartner, Heidi A. Oakes, Lisa M. Univ Calif Davis Ctr Mind & Brain 267 Cousteau Pl Davis CA 95618 USA

We examined the relation between 6- and 7-month-old infants' (N=60) manual activity with objects during free play and their perception of the features of dynamic, multimodal events. Infants were habituated to a single event in which a hand reached for and manipulated a colorful, multifeatured object, and a sound was heard (e.g., a hand squeezed a purple round object, causing a whistling sound) and then their response to events that involved a change in the appearance of the object, the action, or the sound was assessed. Infants responded least to changes in the appearance of the objects, and their sensitivity to this feature was related to their manual activity with objects during free play. Infants' responding to changes in the sound or action was unrelated to motor activity, suggesting that at this age motor achievements related to object exploration are associated with infants' perception of some, but not all, object features.

关键词： TASK performance METHODOLOGY ANALYSIS of variance RESEARCH -- Finance VIDEO recording DATA analysis -- Software medical coding DESCRIPTIVE statistics

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Emotional and Psychosocial Aspects of Menstrual Poverty in Resource-Poor Settings: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Adolescent Girls in an Informal Settlement in Nairobi

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HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL 2013年第10期34卷 891-916页

作者： Crichton, Joanna Okal, Jerry Kabiru, Caroline W. Zulu, Eliya Msiyaphazi Univ Bristol Sch Social & Community Med Bristol BS8 2PS Avon England Populat Council Nairobi Kenya African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr Nairobi Kenya African Inst Dev Policy AFIDEP Nairobi Kenya

We introduce the concept of menstrual poverty to categorize the multiple deprivations relating to menstruation in resource-poor settings across the Global South, and we examine how this affects the psychological well-being of adolescent girls in an urban informal settlement in Kenya. We use qualitative data collected through 34 in-depth interviews and 18 focus group discussions with girls, women, and key informants. Menstrual poverty involved practical and psychosocial challenges affecting girls at home and at school. Its emotional impacts included anxiety, embarrassment, fear of stigma, and low mood. Further research is needed on how menstrual poverty affects girls' psychological and educational outcomes.

关键词： ANXIETY CULTURE EMOTIONS (Psychology) FOCUS groups HYGIENE INTERVIEWING MENARCHE MENSTRUATION POVERTY RESEARCH -- Finance STIGMA (Social psychology) QUALITATIVE research JUDGMENT sampling WELL-being THEMATIC analysis DATA analysis -- Software medical coding

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Increasing Retention Rates in Sex Offender Treatment: Learning from Expert Clinicians

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SEXUAL ADDICTION & COMPULSIVITY-THE JOURNAL OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION 2013年第3期20卷 171-191页

作者： Grady, Melissa D. Howe, Adrienne Rose Sheard Beneke, Emma Catholic Univ Amer Washington DC 20064 USA

Sex offenders who do not complete treatment have been shown to have a higher rate of reoffending compared to those who do complete treatment. A previously conducted meta-analysis concluded that only anti-social personality disorder is a reliable and consistent predictor of non-completion. Clinician expertise is a vehicle through which to expand current knowledge of what might influence being selected for and completing treatment. This study is a qualitative study utilizing a focus group of 4 clinicians with 78 years of combined expertise in sex offender treatment. Grounded theory was used to analyze the results and a 90% inter-rater reliability level was achieved. Eight themes emerged that influenced the clinicians' selection process that addressed individual, logistical, and contextual factors including the number of infractions incurred over the previous year, logistical factors affecting admission, such as release dates, outside support from other individuals, and overt signs of interest. Several factors identified by the clinicians were not included in the list used in the meta-analysis, including group cohesion or outside support, indicating that there may be unexplored factors that have not been included to date in the current literature. Additional implications for research and practice are discussed.

关键词： RECIDIVISM -- Prevention COGNITIVE therapy FOCUS groups GROUNDED theory SEX offenders PATIENT refusal of treatment DATA analysis software medical coding

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