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Trolling Here, There, and Everywhere: Perceptions of Trolling Behaviors in Context

JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第10期68卷 2313-2327页

作者： Sanfilippo, Madelyn Yang, Shengnan Fichman, Pnina NYU Informat Law Inst New York NY 10003 USA Indiana Univ Informat & Lib Sci Wells Lib Room 0111320 E 10th St Bloomington IN 47405 USA Indiana Univ Informat & Lib Sci Wells Lib Room 0071320 E 10th St Bloomington IN 47405 USA

Online trolling has become increasingly prevalent and visible in online communities. Perceptions of and reactions to trolling behaviors varies significantly from one community to another, as trolling behaviors are contextual and vary across platforms and communities. Through an examination of seven trolling scenarios, this article intends to answer the following questions: how do trolling behaviors differ across contexts;how do perceptions of trolling differ from case to case;and what aspects of context of trolling are perceived to be important by the public? Based on focus groups and interview data, we discuss the ways in which community norms and demographics, technological features of platforms, and community boundaries are perceived to impact trolling behaviors. Two major contributions of the study include a codebook to support future analysis of trolling and formal concept analysis surrounding contextual perceptions of trolling.

关键词： FOCUS groups INTERVIEWING MOTIVATION (Psychology) PRESS WIT & humor ELECTRONIC commerce BEHAVIOR disorders SOCIAL media DATA analysis software medical coding

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Five Decades of Gratitude: A Meta-Synthesis of Acknowledgments Research

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第12期68卷 2821-2833页

作者： Desrochers, Nadine Paul-Hus, Adele Pecoskie, Jen Univ Montreal Ecole Bibliothecon & Sci Iinformat POB 6128 Montreal PQ H3C 3J7 Canada

This review of the literature presents an overview of the last 50 years of research on acknowledgments in the context of scholarly communication. Through qualitative coding and bibliometric methods, this meta-synthesis provides an in-depth description of acknowledgments research and reveals the five main thematic categories that emerge from this corpus of literature. Adopting a historical approach, this review shows a diversified and scattered research landscape. Despite five decades of analysis putting forward the potential value of acknowledgments as markers of scientific capital, the literature still lacks consensus as to the value and functions of acknowledgments within the reward system of science.

关键词： AUTHORSHIP LEARNING & scholarship MEDLINE ONLINE information services PUBLISHERS & publishing FINANCING of research medical coding

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Information Exchange on an Academic Social Networking Site: A Multidiscipline Comparison on ResearchGate Q&A

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第3期68卷 638-652页

作者： Jeng, Wei DesAutels, Spencer He, Daqing Li, Lei Univ Pittsburgh Sch Informat Sci 135 North Bellefield Ave Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Vanderbilt Univ Med Ctr Eskind Biomed Lib Nashville TN USA Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Dept Informat Management Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

The increasing popularity of academic social networking sites (ASNSs) requires studies on the usage of ASNSs among scholars and evaluations of the effectiveness of these ASNSs. However, it is unclear whether current ASNSs have fulfilled their design goal, as scholars' actual online interactions on these platforms remain unexplored. To fill the gap, this article presents a study based on data collected from ResearchGate. Adopting a mixed-method design by conducting qualitative content analysis and statistical analysis on 1,128 posts collected from ResearchGate Q&A, we examine how scholars exchange information and resources, and how their practices vary across three distinct disciplines: library and information services, history of art, and astrophysics. Our results show that the effect of a questioner's intention (i.e., seeking information or discussion) is greater than disciplinary factors in some circumstances. Across the three disciplines, responses to questions provide various resources, including experts' contact details, citations, links to Wikipedia, images, and so on. We further discuss several implications of the understanding of scholarly information exchange and the design of better academic social networking interfaces, which should stimulate scholarly interactions by minimizing confusion, improving the clarity of questions, and promoting scholarly content management.

关键词： ART LIBRARY science FINANCING of research UNIVERSITIES & colleges WORLD Wide Web INFORMATION resources ACCESS to information INFORMATION-seeking behavior SOCIAL media medical coding

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Preventive Strategies and Processes to Counteract Bullying in Health Care Settings: Focus Group Discussions

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ISSUES IN MENTAL HEALTH NURSING 2017年第2期38卷 113-121页

作者： Strandmark, Margaretha K. Rahm, GullBritt Larsson, Bodil Wilde Nordstrom, Gun Rystedt, Ingrid Karlstad Univ Fac Hlth Sci & Technol Karlstad Sweden

The aim of the present study was to explore preventive strategies and processes to counteract bullying in workplaces. Data were collected by individual interviews and focus group discussions at one hospital and two nursing home wards for elderly, a total of 29 participants. In the analysis of the interviews we were inspired by constructivist grounded theory. Persistent work with a humanistic value system by supervisor and coworkers, raising awareness about the bullying problem, strong group collaboration, and conflict management, along with an open atmosphere at the workplace, appears to be imperative for accomplishing a policy of zero tolerance for bullying.

关键词： BULLYING prevention CORPORATE culture FOCUS groups GROUNDED theory INDUSTRIAL safety INTERPERSONAL relations INTERVIEWING PROBLEM solving QUESTIONNAIRES FINANCING of research WORK environment THEMATIC analysis medical coding

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Discourse Relations in Rationale-Containing Text-Segments

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第12期68卷 2783-2794页

作者： Xiao, Lu Conroy, Niall Syracuse Univ Sch Informat Studies Syracuse NY 13244 USA Univ Western Ontario Fac Informat & Media Studies Human Informat Interact Lab London ON Canada

Offering one's perspective and justifying it has become a common practice in online text-based communications, just as it is in typical, face-to-face communication. Compared to the face-to-face communications, it can be particularly more challenging for users to understand and evaluate another's perspective in online communications. On the other hand, the availability of the communication record in online communications offers a potential to leverage computational techniques to automatically detect user opinions and rationales. One promising approach to automatically detect the rationales is to detect the common discourse relations in rationale texts. However, no empirical work has been done with regard to which discourse relations are commonly present in the users' rationales in online communications. To fill this gap, we annotated the discourse relations in the text segments that contain the rationales (N = 527 text segments). These text segments are obtained from five datasets that consist of five online posts and the first 100 comments. We identified 10 discourse relations that are commonly present in this sample. Our finding marks an important contribution to this rationale detection approach. We encourage more empirical work, preferably with a larger sample, to examine the generalizability of our findings.

关键词： COMMUNICATION CONTENT analysis (Communication) FINANCING of research SEMANTICS STATISTICS BLOGS SOCIAL media medical coding

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User Involvement and System Support in Applying Search Tactics

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第5期68卷 1165-1185页

作者： Xie, Iris Joo, Soohyung Bennett-Kapusniak, Renee Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee Sch Informat Studies Northwest Quad Bldg B2025 E Newport Milwaukee WI 53211 USA Univ Kentucky Sch Informat Sci Little Fine Arts Lib 320 Lexington KY 40506 USA

Both user involvement and system support play important roles in applying search tactics. To apply search tactics in the information retrieval (IR) processes, users make decisions and take actions in the search process, while IR systems assist them by providing different system features. After analyzing 61 participants' information searching diaries and questionnaires we identified various types of user involvement and system support in applying different types of search tactics. Based on quantitative analysis, search tactics were classified into 3 groups: user-dominated, system-dominated, and balanced tactics. We further explored types of user involvement and types of system support in applying search tactics from the 3 groups. The findings show that users and systems play major roles in applying user-dominated and system-dominated tactics, respectively. When applying balanced tactics, users and systems must collaborate closely with each other. In this article, we propose a model that illustrates user involvement and system support as they occur in user-dominated tactics, system-dominated tactics, and balanced tactics. Most important, IR system design implications are discussed to facilitate effective and efficient applications of the 3 groups of search tactics.

关键词： COLLEGE students -- United States DATABASES INFORMATION retrieval PROBABILITY theory T-test (Statistics) USER interfaces (Computer systems) SEARCH engines ONLINE library catalogs INFORMATION-seeking behavior DATA analysis software DIARY (Literary form) medical coding

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Understanding Users of Cloud Music Services: Selection Factors, Management and Access Behavior, and Perceptions

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第5期68卷 1186-1200页

作者： Lee, Jin Ha Wishkoski, Rachel Aase, Lara Meas, Perry Hubbles, Chris Univ Washington Informat Sch Mary Gates HallSuite 370 Seattle WA 98195 USA

Recent, rapid changes in technology have resulted in a proliferation of choices for music storage and access. Portable, web-enabled music devices are widespread, and listeners now enjoy a plethora of options regarding formats, devices, and access methods. Yet in this mobile music environment, listeners' access and management strategies for music collections are poorly understood, because behaviors surrounding the organization and retrieval of music collections have received little formal study. Our current research seeks to enrich our knowledge of people's music listening and collecting behavior through a series of systematic user studies. In this paper we present our findings from interviews involving 20 adult and 20 teen users of commercial cloud music services. Our results contribute to theoretical understandings of users' music information behavior in a time of upheaval in music usage patterns, and more generally, the purposes and meanings users ascribe to personal media collections in cloud-based systems. The findings suggest improvements to the future design of cloud-based music services, as well as to any information systems and services designed for personal media collections, benefiting both commercial entities and listeners.

关键词： ADVERTISING CONSUMER attitudes INFORMATION resources management INFORMATION retrieval INTERVIEWING RESEARCH methodology MUSIC ONLINE information services FINANCING of research SAMPLING (Statistics) ACCESS to information SOCIAL media CLOUD computing medical coding

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Analysis of roles in engaging contentious online discussions in science

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第8期68卷 1953-1966页

作者： Hara, Noriko Sanfilippo, Madelyn Rose Indiana Univ Dept Informat & Lib Sci 011 Wells Lib1320 E 10th St Bloomington IN 47405 USA NYU Sch Law Informat Law Inst 40 Washington Sq South New York NY 10012 USA

The prevalence of sites in which users can contribute content increases ordinary citizens' participation in emerging forms of knowledge sharing. This article investigates the practices associated with the roles of participants who actively contribute to the coproduction of knowledge in three online communities and how these roles differ in controversial and noncontroversial threads. The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine was selected as a contentious scientific topic because of persistent belief about an alleged link between the vaccine and autism. Contributions to three online communities that engage mothers with young children were analyzed to identify participant roles. No consistent roles were evident in noncontroversial threads, but the role of mediator consistently appeared in controversial threads in all three communities. This study helps to articulate the roles played in online communities that engage in knowledge collaboration. The variety of roles in online communities has implications for both the study for practice and the design of information technologies.

关键词： AUTISM CONFLICT (Psychology) CONTENT analysis (Communication) SCIENCE SOCIAL role STATISTICS WORLD Wide Web MMR vaccine medical coding

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Domain-independent search expertise: Gaining knowledge in query formulation through guided practice

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JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第6期68卷 1462-1479页

作者： Smith, Catherine L. Kent State Univ Sch Lib & Informat Sci POB 5190-314 Kent OH 44242 USA

Although modern search systems require minimal skill for meeting simple information needs, most systems provide weak support for gaining advanced skill;hence, the goal of designing systems that guide searchers in developing expertise. Essential to developing such systems are a description of expert search behavior and an understanding of how it may be acquired. The present study contributes a detailed analysis of the query behavior of 10 students as they completed assigned exercises during a semester-long course on expert search. Detailed query logs were coded for three dimensions of query expression: the information structure searched, the type of query term used, and intent of the query with respect to specificity. Patterns of query formulation were found to evidence a progression of instruction, suggesting that the students gained knowledge of fundamental system-independent constructs that underlie expert search, and that domain-independent search expertise may be defined as the ability to use these constructs. Implications for system design are addressed.

关键词： COLLEGE students INFORMATION retrieval INTELLECT INTERNET FINANCING of research SEARCH engines INFORMATION-seeking behavior medical coding

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Treatment Recommendation Actions, Contingencies, and Responses: An Introduction

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HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2018年第11期33卷 1331-1334页

作者： Stivers, Tanya Barnes, Rebecca K. Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Sociol 375 Portola Plaza405 Hilgard Ave Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Univ Bristol Sch Social & Community Med Bristol Avon England

In the era of patient participation in health care decision making, we know surprisingly little about the ways in which treatment recommendations are made, the contexts that shape their formulation, and the consequences of these formulations. In this article, we introduce a systematic collective investigation of how recommendations for medications are responded to and made in primary versus secondary care, in the US versus the UK, and in contexts where the medication was over the counter versus by prescription. This article provides an overview of the coding system that was used in this project including describing what constitutes a recommendation, the primary action types clinicians use for recommendations, and the types of responses provided by patients to recommendations.

关键词： DRUG therapy SERIAL publications DECISION making in clinical medicine medical coding

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