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Extend GO Methodology to Support Common-Cause Failures Modeling Explicitly by Means of Bayesian Networks

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY 2020年第2期69卷 471-483页

作者： Ye, Tianyuan Zhou, Yuan Chen, Anran Liu, Linlin Liu, Shouwen Beijing Inst Spacecraft Environm Engn Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Beijing Key Lab Environm & Reliabil Test Technol Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Reliabil & Syst Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

As a success-oriented system reliability and safety-analysis technique, the GO methodology has been applied in a variety of real-world safety-critical industrial fields. Common-cause failure (CCF) is the simultaneous failure of multicomponents within a system due to the same root cause. An enhancement approach for the original GO methodology is proposed in this paper to support CCF modeling and calculation both in graphical modeling aspect and algorithm aspect. First, a new concise and formalized GO operator (named CCO) is introduced to represent complicated CCF event, which makes the CCF modeling process intuitive and concise for analysts. In algorithm aspect, the mapping rule is given and demonstrated to transform new CCO operator with impacted multiple operators to the corresponding Bayesian network (BN) fragment. Second, general mapping programmable process is presented on transforming any CCF enhanced GO model to the corresponding BN. Furthermore, using BN's inference capability, the enhanced GO model with CCF can be calculated efficiently. Nevertheless, the diagnosis process can be performed to investigate the weak points of the modeled system. Finally, a case study is performed to demonstrate the modeling process by means of CCF enhanced GO model. The calculation result shows that CCF has significant influence on the system reliability. Using diagnosis analysis, the CCF event can be confirmed as the major cause leading to system failure.

关键词： Analytical models Safety Bayes methods Reliability engineering Bayesian network (BN) common-cause failure (CCF) GO methodology mapping algorithm reliability

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Efficient Modelling and Simulation of Process Chains in Sheet Metal Forming and Processing

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STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2008年第10期79卷 731-737页

作者： Cwiekala, Tim Brosius, Alexander Tekkaya, A. Erman Grydin, Olexandr Schaper, Mirko Bach, Friedrich-Wilhelm Barthel, Clemens Svendsen, Bob Tech Univ Dortmund Inst Forming Technol & Lightweight Construct D-44227 Dortmund Germany Leibniz Univ Hannover Inst Mat Sci Hannover Germany Tech Univ Dortmund Chair Mech D-44227 Dortmund Germany

The ultimate aim of this work is the development of methods for the simulation of manufacturing process chains such as forming --> cutting --> heat treatment --> joining, providving maximal efficiency without significant loss of accuracy. In the current work, we make the first step in this direction by considering the case of forming of the new high strength steel LH(R)800. The work begins with a characterization and metallographic investigation of this new steel. Following this, a combined hardening model appropriate for this steel is formulated and identified. The identified model is then validated with the help of the finite-element simulation of draw-bending. On this basis, the model was then used to simulate cup deep-drawing. This process was also simulated with a so-called one-step solver which is much faster than the finite element simulation. The results of these two simulations are compared with the results of the deep-drawing experiment.

关键词： deep drawing numerical simulation mapping algorithm steel LH (R) 800 material properties

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A Sensor Liftoff Modification Method of Magnetic Flux Leakage Signal for Defect Profile Estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS 2017年第7期53卷 1-13页

作者： Feng, Jian Lu, Senxiang Liu, Jinhai Li, Fangming Northeastern Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110004 Peoples R China

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing is the most widely used for the in-service inspection of oil and gas pipelines. The variation of sensors liftoff caused by vibration results in the distortion of the defect signals, thereby decreasing the estimation performance of the defect profile. In this paper, we discuss the effects of the detector vibration on the MFL signal and propose a sensor liftoff modification method of an MFL signal based on the finite-element method simulation. The proposed method mainly introduces a mapping algorithm to modify original measured signal and obtain pure signal. This mapping algorithm is constructed by iterative defect models closed to the real defect. The algorithm effectiveness is tested by using simulation and experiment data. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the signal-to-noise ratio and estimate the profile more accurately.

关键词： Finite-element method (FEM) iterative modification magnetic flux leakage (MFL) mapping algorithm sensor liftoff

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EXAMPLE COMPUTER LOGIC GRAPH AND ITS PARTITIONS AND mappingS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 1974年第11期C 23卷 1198-1204页

作者： MENNONE, A RUSSO, RL IBM THOMAS J WATSON RES CTRYORKTOWN HEIGHTSNY 10598

The purpose of this correspondence is to provide an example computer logic graph and data concerning various partitions and mappings of this graph. This information should be of particular interest to those workers who are developing partitioning and mapping algorithms, since it provides a means to test and compare alternative methods. It should also be of use to those interested in other algorithms (e.g., placement, diagramming, grouping, etc.) for logic graphs.

关键词： Computer Aided Design Computer Based Design Computer Logic Graph Design Automation Heuristic algorithm Logic mapping Logic Partitioning Logic Segmentation mapping algorithm Partitioning algorithm Segmentation algorithm

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Obtaining EQ-5D-5L utilities from the disease specific quality of life Alzheimer's disease scale: development and results from a mapping study

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QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH 2021年第3期30卷 867-879页

作者： Rombach, Ines Iftikhar, Marvi Jhuti, Gurleen S. Gustavsson, Anders Lecomte, Pascal Belger, Mark Handels, Ron Castro Sanchez, Amparo Y. Kors, Jan Hopper, Louise Olde Rikkert, Marcel Selbaek, Geir Stephan, Astrid Sikkes, Sietske A. M. Woods, Bob Goncalves-Pereira, Manuel Zanetti, Orazio Ramakers, Inez H. G. B. Verhey, Frans R. J. Gallacher, John Landeiro, Filipa Gray, Alastair M. Univ Oxford Hlth Econ Res Ctr Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth Old Rd Campus Oxford OX3 7LF England Ctr Excellence F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd Global Access CH-4070 Basel Switzerland Quantify Res S-11221 Stockholm Sweden Karolinska Inst Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc Div Neurogeriatr S-17164 Solna Sweden Novartis Pharma AG Global Head Hlth Econ Modelling & Methodol CH-4002 Basel Switzerland Eli Lilly & Co Global Stat Sci Windlesham GU20 6PH Surrey England Maastricht Univ Med Ctr Alzheimer Ctr LimburgDept Psychiat & Neuropsycho Fac Hlth Med & Life SciSch Mental Hlth & Neurosc NL-6200 MD Maastricht Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam Erasmus MC Dept Med Informat NL-3015 GD Rotterdam Netherlands Dublin City Univ Sch Psychol Dublin 9 Ireland Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr Donders Ctr Med Neurosci Dept GeriatrRadboudumc Alzheimer Ctr NL-6525 GA Nijmegen Netherlands Vestfold Hosp Trust Natl Advisory Unit Ageing & Hlth N-3103 Tonsberg Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Dept Geriatr Med N-0372 Oslo Norway Univ Oslo Fac Med N-0372 Oslo Norway Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg Inst Hlth & Nursing Sci D-06112 Halle Saale Germany Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr Amsterdam Neurosci Alzheimer Ctr Amsterdam NL-1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands Bangor Univ Dementia Serv Dev Ctr Wales DSDC Bangor LL57 2PZ Gwynedd Wales Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias Med Nova Med Sch P-1169056 Lisbon Portugal CHRC Comprehens Hlth Res Ctr Lisbon Portugal IRCCS Ist Ctr San Giovanni Dio Fatebenefratell I-25125 Brescia Italy Univ Oxford Warneford Hosp Dementias Platform UK Dept Psychiat Oxford OX3 7JX England

Purpose The Quality of Life Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QoL-AD) is commonly used to assess disease specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as rated by patients and their carers. For cost-effectiveness analyses, utilities based on the EQ-5D are often required. We report a new mapping algorithm to obtain EQ-5D indices when only QoL-AD data are available. Methods Different statistical models to estimate utility directly, or responses to individual EQ-5D questions (response mapping) from QoL-AD, were trialled for patient-rated and proxy-rated questionnaires. Model performance was assessed by root mean square error and mean absolute error. Results The response model using multinomial regression including age and sex, performed best in both the estimation dataset and an independent dataset. Conclusions The recommended mapping algorithm allows researchers for the first time to estimate EQ-5D values from QoL-AD data, enabling cost-utility analyses using datasets where the QoL-AD but no utility measures were collected.

关键词： mapping algorithm Cross-walking Health related quality of life Preference based measures Dementia

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Synthesis for Width Minimization in the Single-Electron Transistor Array

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 2015年第12期23卷 2862-2875页

作者： Liu, Chian-Wei Chiang, Chang-En Huang, Ching-Yi Chen, Yung-Chih Wang, Chun-Yao Datta, Suman Narayanan, Vijaykrishnan Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Comp Sci Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Yuan Ze Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chungli 32003 Taiwan Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

Power consumption has become one of the primary challenges to meet Moore's law. For reducing power consumption, single-electron transistor (SET) at room temperature has been demonstrated as a promising device for extending Moore's law due to its ultralow power consumption in operation. Previous works have proposed automated mapping approaches for SET arrays that focused on minimizing the number of hexagons in the SET arrays. However, the area of an SET array is the product of the bounded height and the bounded width, and the height usually equals the number of inputs in the Boolean function. Consequently, in this paper, we focus on the width minimization to reduce the overall area in the mapping of the SET arrays. Our approach consists of techniques of product term minimization, branch-then-share (BTS)-aware variable reordering, SET array architecture relaxation, and BTS-aware product term reordering. The experimental results on a set of MCNC and IWLS 2005 benchmarks show that the proposed approach saves 45% of width compared with the work by Chiang et al., which focused on hexagon count minimization, and also saves 13% of width compared with the work by Chen et al., which focused on width minimization.

关键词： Area minimization mapping algorithm single-electron transistor (SET)

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Error resilient video coding with priority data classification using H.264 flexible macroblock ordering

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2007年第2期1卷 197-204页

作者： Im, S. K. Pearmain, A. J. Univ London Queen Mary Coll Dept Elect Engn London E1 4NS England

Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) is a new error resilience feature in the H.264 (MPEG-4 part 10) video coding standard. The paper exploits FMO to offer a new classification algorithm for prioritised video transmission. Instead of using the default mapping structures of FMO, an optimisation algorithm in which the more important macroblocks (MBs) are categorised in a separate slice group (SG), which corresponds to high-priority packets for transmission, is proposed. The importance of each MB is determined based on its eventual influence on picture quality. This is assessed by considering the fact that the successful transmission of an MB not only enhances the quality of the associated pixels, but also improves the quality of its adjacent lost MBs by improving the efficiency of error concealment. It is assumed that the network can offer a prioritised service for successful transmission of the high-priority SG. Based on this, a vulnerability factor for each MB is determined, and a certain proportion of high-vulnerability MBs at each frame to limit the impact of temporal error propagation is intra-updated. It is shown, where the proposed mapping algorithm outperforms the default mappings of the H.264 codec, that this prioritised transmission will improve the subjective and objective video quality in situations with a high probability of transmission errors.

关键词： prioritised video transmission priority data classification mapping algorithm H.264 flexible macroblock ordering FMO Computer vision and image processing techniques Image and video coding error propagation video coding optimisation algorithm image classification video coding standard picture quality Video signal processing MPEG-4 part 10 slice group error resilient video coding vulnerability factor codec

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Generic and disease-specific estimates of quality of life in macular degeneration: mapping the MacDQoL onto the EQ-5D-3L

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QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH 2016年第4期25卷 935-945页

作者： Dixon, Padraig Dakin, Helen Wordsworth, Sarah Univ Bristol Sch Social & Community Med Canynge Hall39 Whatley Rd Bristol BS8 2PS Avon England Univ Oxford Hlth Econ Res Ctr Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth Old Rd Campus Oxford OX3 7LF England

The macular degeneration quality of life (MacDQoL) instrument is a validated condition-specific measure of quality of life in patients with macular degeneration. This paper presents the first mapping algorithm to predict EQ-5D from responses to the MacDQoL instrument. Responses to the MacDQoL and EQ-5D-3L instruments from 482 patients were collected from the IVAN multicentre trial of two alternative drug treatments for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Regression specifications were estimated using OLS, censored least absolute deviation, Tobit and two-part models. Their predictive performance was assessed using mean squared error. An internal validation sample based on a random selection of 25 % of patients was used to assess the performance of the model estimated on the remaining 75 % of patients. A two-part model had the best predictive performance on the full sample. The covariates of this model include responses and weighted impact scores for all 23 condition-specific domains of the MacDQoL, and responses to a general MacDQoL quality of life question. The selected models were successful at predicting means and standard deviations of target populations, but prediction is weaker at the upper and lower extremes of the EQ-5D-3L distribution. The mapping algorithms provide a means of predicting EQ-5D-3L index scores from MacDQoL scores, and could facilitate cost-effectiveness analyses when the latter but not the former are available to researchers. Further validation of the performance of the algorithms using external data would provide a means of establishing the robustness of the algorithms.

关键词： MacDQoL mapping algorithm EuroQoL EQ-5D Age-related macular degeneration

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mapping and attenuation of surface waves side scattered by near-surface diffractors

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ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES 2014年第2期7卷 757-771页

作者： Al-Lehyani, Ayman Fazea Al-Shuhail, Abdullatif Abdulrahman King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals Dept Earth Sci Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

Near-surface diffractors are one of the problems in land seismic exploration. They can scatter the surface wave energy emanating from the seismic source and contaminate the signal received by seismic receivers. The scattered energy from the near-surface diffractors manifests itself on seismic shot gathers as strong hyperbolic events, called diffractions, masking the weakly reflected body waves. Diffractions present complications to most of surface-wave suppression schemes, especially when they have been scattered by scatterers outside the receiver line. Different methods have been used to eliminate diffractions from seismic data, including geophone arrays, filtering, and inverse scattering. Each of those methods has its own limitations. In this study, we present processing algorithms to map and attenuate near-surface diffractors of surface waves in seismic shot gathers. The mapping algorithm is based on semblance measurements and time-offset relations, while the attenuation algorithm is based on the least-square fitting of a source wavelet. The algorithms are applied on synthetic data from two different models. The first model has three near-surface diffractors, while the second model has three clusters of near-surface diffractors. Each cluster consists of three near-surface diffractors with a different geometry for each cluster. The results show that the proposed algorithms are successful in locating and attenuating most near-surface diffractors, except when the separation between individual diffractors is below the wavelength of the diffracted surface wave.

关键词： Near-surface diffractors Seismic exploration mapping algorithm Seismic noise attenuation Semblance velocity analysis

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Efficient genetic based topological mapping using analytical models for on-chip networks

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SCIENCES 2013年第4期79卷 492-513页

作者： Arjomand, Mohammad Amiri, S. Hamid Sarbazi-Azad, Hamid Sharif Univ Technol Dept Comp Engn Tehran Iran

Network-on-Chips are now the popular communication medium to support inter-IP communications in complex on-chip systems with tens to hundreds IP cores. Higher scalability (compared to the traditional shared bus and point-to-point interconnects), throughput, and reliability are among the most important advantages of NoCs. Moreover, NoCs can well match current CAD methodologies mainly relying on modular and reusable structures with regularity of structural pattern. However, since NoCs are resource-limited, determining how to distribute application load over limited on-chip resources (e.g. switches, buffers, virtual channels, and wires) in order to improve the metrics of interest and satisfy the application requirements becomes a challenging research issue known as topological mapping problem. This paper introduces a topological mapping strategy for direct networks. The Multi-Objective Genetic algorithm (MOGA) is used to obtain optimal Pareto-front of topological mapping solutions for an arbitrary network topology using a deadlock-free routing algorithm. Considered cost functions are the network latency and power consumption which are accurately estimated through two accurate analytical models. Before using the proposed analytical models in our MOGA method, we validate them through extensive simulation experiments, and compare their accuracy to some known models already proposed in the literature. We then quantitatively and qualitatively compare our analytical model based mapping method to two other methods: a genetic-based and a heuristic. Experimental evaluations using real workloads confirm that the proposed method is cost-efficient and can be used as a powerful tool for NoC design space exploration. Compared to the traditional mapping strategies, our mapping mechanism has the following advantages: (1) it greatly shortens the design period by using analytical models for fast and accurate predictions;(2) it can give a set of solutions, using MOGA, in terms of Pareto-

关键词： Network-on-Chip mapping algorithm Analytical modeling Genetic algorithm Performance On-chip power

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