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IEEE International Conference on Communications

作者： Andrea Bianco Fikru Getachew Debele Luca Giraudo Dipartimento di Elettronica e delle Telecomunicazioni Politecnico di Torino

ISBN: (纸本)9781457720529

A multi-stage software router overcomes scalability issues related to a single, PC-based, software router by introducing parallel forwarding paths. However, since the architecture includes different internal components, energy inefficiency at low loads may arise if the multi-stage internal architecture does not adapt to currently offered traffic. This paper presents an energy-saving scheme to improve energy efficiency of the multi-stage router architecture by focusing on the back-end stage and sizing it to the offered load to reduce energy needs. The problem is defined as a mixed integer linear programming model, shown to be NP-hard. We tackle the scalability issues of the optimal problem by defining a two-step heuristic which takes advantage of existing BIN PACKING algorithms. Our results shows that the two-step solution is within 10% relative error with respect to the optimal solution for different realistic scenarios.

关键词： ARCHITECTURE mixed integer linear programming relative errors energy saving Building construction Energy conservation Scalability Nondeterministic polynomial-time hard optimal solution Energy sources offered traffic Energy efficiency Bins LOAD

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Topology Influence on Loss Reduction as a mixed integer linear programming Problem

Topology Influence on Loss Reduction as a Mixed Integer Line...

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Power Tech Conference

作者： Stephane Fliscounakis Fabrice Zaoui Gabriel Simeant Robert Gonzalez Methods and Support Department RTE (French TSO) Versailles France

This paper attempts to show the influence of network topological changes on the resistive losses for a significant period. As the problem for a long period is not tractable in a mixed integer non-linear programming approach, a piece-wise linear formulation is presented in order to find a convenient relation between active losses and real flows for each branch. Subsequently, a mixed integer linear formulation is developed to find an optimal topology that tends to minimize the active losses. Considered topological configurations concern the splits or mergers of electric nodes and the taps of phase shifting transformers. A practical example based on several hundreds of observations (snapshots) of the French national grid is presented. Obtained result confirms the interest of the method.

关键词： Topology mixed integer linear programming

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MILP islanding of power networks by bus splitting

MILP islanding of power networks by bus splitting

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IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting

作者： P. A. Trodden W. A. Bukhsh A. Grothey K. I. M. McKinnon School of Mathematics University of Edinburgh James Clerk Maxwell Building Edinburgh EH9 3JZ Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467327275

A mathematical formulation for the islanding of power networks is presented. Given an area of uncertainty in the network, the proposed approach uses mixed integer linear programming to isolate unhealthy components of the network and create islands, while maximizing load supply. Rather than disconnecting transmission lines, the new method splits the network at its nodes, which are modelled as busbars with switches between lines, generators and loads. DC power flow equations and network constraints are explicitly included in the MILP problem, resulting in balanced, steady-state feasible islands. Numerical simulations on the IEEE 14-bus test network demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.

关键词： MILP islanding networks splitting Power grids busing Busbars islands mixed integer linear programming Switches Transmission Lines DC load flow Network

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Sustainable and robust Control of Cyclic Pallet Systems

Sustainable and robust Control of Cyclic Pallet Systems

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering

作者： Maziar Mashaei Bengt Lennartson Department of Signals and Systems Chalmers University of Technology FlexLink AB

ISBN: (纸本)9781467304290

A proper control of a system to get a desired function and increase the system lifetime is a crucial step towards the sustainable paradigm- In this paper, such a control is designed for a cyclic pallet system to achieve a minimal force on its drive unit, meet safety conditions on the system chain tension force and the momentum of pallets, and fulfill the desired production rate. The optimal values of the control parameters, namely number of pallets and conveyor velocity, are obtained through solving a linear optimization model. The objective function in the model defines the average force on the drive unit in a cycle production. In addition, the related constraints characterize the pallet system properties such as cyclic and dynamic behavior, buffer size, constant work in process, and safety specifications. The robustness of the optimal control is analyzed, using a worst but safe control strategy. The optimal control and the robustness analysis are applied to some case studies, and the results are evaluated and discussed.

关键词： One-loop pallet system Tension force model mixed integer linear programming Optimal and robust control

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Energy-Efficient Peer Selection Mechanism for BitTorrent Content Distribution

Energy-Efficient Peer Selection Mechanism for BitTorrent Con...

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Ahmed Q. Lawey Taisir El-Gorashi Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds

ISBN: (纸本)9781467309202

In this paper, we evaluate the energy consumption of BitTorrent based peer to peer (P2P) content distribution systems in bypass IP/WDM core networks and compare it to client-server (C/S) systems. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to carry out the comparison. Our results for homogeneous peers with similar upload capacities show that the original BitTorrent, based on random peer selection, has comparable energy consumption to the C/S model. The results also reveal that the power-minimized BitTorrent model achieves 30% energy savings compared to the C/S model as it converges to locality. Furthermore, a heterogeneous BitTorrent system with two upload capacity classes is investigated and the results show a 50% reduction in energy consumption compared to a C/S model, For real-time implementation, we develop a simple heuristic based on the model insights. Comparable power savings are achieved with a reduction of only 13% in the download rate.

关键词： BitTorrent IP/WDM Energy consumption Peer selection Locality Homogeneous Heterogeneous energy consumption Content distribution Heterogeneous CONTAINMENT SPRAY carbon monosulfide Cesium Uploading conditioned stimulus mixed integer linear programming Energy efficiency

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An approximate mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for the design of water reuse/recycle networks with minimum emergy

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ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2007年第6期2卷 566-574页

作者： Tan, R. R. Foo, D. C. Y. Ng, D. K. S. Chiang, C. L. Hu, S. Ku-Pineda, V. De La Salle Univ Dept Chem Engn Manila 1004 Philippines Univ Nottingham Malaysia Sch Chem & Environm Engn Semenyih 43500 Selangor Malaysia Inst Technol Cambodia Chem & Food Technol Dept Phnom Penh Cambodia

Recent trends in process engineering have placed increased emphasis on the design of inherently clean and efficient processes. For example, a wide range of pinch analysis and mathematical programming methods have been developed for designing schemes for water reuse/recycle in industrial plants for both grassroot design and plant retrofit. In the latter case, the conventional approach is to maximize water recovery and thereby minimize fresh water demand and effluent volume. However, it is possible that with such an approach the reductions in environmental impact brought about by saving water can be offset by other impacts arising from increased use of energy and materials in the plant after retrofit. This work presents a model for minimizing the total resource consumption impact of a water reuse/recycle network. The total impact is expressed in terms of emergy - a measure of cumulative solar energy inputs into a life cycle system. A simplified model is proposed that focuses on the impact contributions of water, electrical power and material for capital goods. Two case studies illustrate the approach. Results show that the network with the lowest total impact can be found by sacrificing water recovery for savings in energy and material use. (c) 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： water reuse/recycle networks mixed integer linear programming life cycle emergy

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mCHP Optimization by Dynamic programming and mixed integer linear programming

mCHP Optimization by Dynamic Programming and Mixed Integer L...

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International Conference on Intelligent Systems Applications to Power Systems (ISAP)

作者： D. Faille C. Mondon B. Al-Nasrawi Electricité de France Research and Development Chatou France European Institute of Energy Research Karlsruhe Germany

This paper studies the optimal control of a domestic micro combined heat and power system. The objective function is to reduce the gas and electricity bill of the consumer. The problem is nonlinear and contains continuous and logical variables. Two solutions are compared in this paper: Dynamic programming and mixed integer linear programming.

关键词： Dynamic programming mixed integer linear programming Water heating Valves Cogeneration Boilers Costs Energy consumption Stirling engines Research and development

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Trajectory Generation in Relative Velocity Coordinates Using mixed integer linear programming with IHDR Guidance

Trajectory Generation in Relative Velocity Coordinates Using...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)

作者： Di Zu Jianda Han Dalong Tan Robotics Laboratory Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy and Sciences Shenyang China

mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for trajectory generation of mobile robot suffers from nonlinear constraints due to complex obstacle contours and dynamic environment. In this paper, firstly, we introduce a relative velocity coordinates MILP (RVCs-MILP) for solving the nonlinear constraints problem in the trajectory generation of the target pursuit and multiple-obstacle avoidance (TPMOA). The computational load of the RVCs-MILP does not increase with the complexity of obstacle contour but only relates to the number of the obstacles. It can be applied in real time when the number of the obstacles is small. For the large numbers of obstacles avoidance, further, we propose an IHDR based online learning mechanism. It sets up a "scenario-action mapping" knowledge base by continuously offline training and online updating. For a trajectory generation task, it will search a best match path of the current state in the knowledge base according to the external environments and the state of the robot in real time. Simulations are presented in comparison with the evolution algorithms (EA) and IHDR The former shows significant improvement in a number of aspects. The latter confirms the validation of the proposed IHDR methods.

关键词： mixed integer linear programming Robot kinematics Robotics and automation Learning systems Image recognition Trajectory Mobile robots Content addressable storage USA Councils Humans

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Shift scheduling for tank trucks

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OMEGA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2011年第5期39卷 513-521页

作者： Knust, Sigrid Schumacher, Elisabeth Tech Univ Clausthal Inst Math D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld Germany Univ Osnabruck D-49069 Osnabruck Germany

In this paper we deal with shift scheduling of tank trucks for a small oil company. Given are a set of tank trucks with different characteristics and a set of drivers with different skills. The objective is to assign a feasible driver to every shift of the tank trucks such that legal and safety restrictions are satisfied, the total working times of the drivers are within desired intervals, requested vacation of the drivers is respected and the trucks are assigned to more favored drivers. We propose a two-phase solution algorithm which is based on a mixed integer linear programming formulation and an improvement procedure. Computational results are reported showing that the algorithm is able to generate feasible schedules in a small amount of time. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shift scheduling Tank trucks mixed integer linear programming

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Dynamic hybrid simulation of batch processes driven by a scheduling module

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COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2011年第10期35卷 2098-2112页

作者： Fabre, Florian Hetreux, Gilles Le Lann, Jean-Marc Zarate, Pascale INPT ENSIACET UMR CNRS 5503 Lab Genie Chim PSI GI F-31030 Toulouse 4 France INPT ENSIACET IRIT F-31062 Toulouse 9 France

Simulation is now a CAPE tool widely used by practicing engineers for process design and control. In particular, it allows various offline analyses to improve system performance such as productivity, energy efficiency, waste reduction, etc. In this framework, we have developed the dynamic hybrid simulation environment PrODHyS whose particularity is to provide general and reusable object-oriented components dedicated to the modeling of devices and operations found in chemical processes. Unlike continuous processes, the dynamic simulation of batch processes requires the execution of control recipes to achieve a set of production orders. For these reasons, PrODHyS is coupled to a scheduling module (ProSched) based on a MILP mathematical model in order to initialize various operational parameters and to ensure a proper completion of the simulation. This paper focuses on the procedure used to generate the simulation model corresponding to the realization of a scenario described through a particular scheduling. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamic hybrid simulation Environment Batch processes Scheduling Petri nets mixed integer linear programming Object oriented modeling

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