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5th International Workshop on Hydro Scheduling in Competitive Electricity Markets

作者： Dorn, Frederic B. Farahmand, Hossein Skjelbred, Hans Ivar Belsnes, Michael M. SINTEF Energy Res Trondheim Norway

When planning the production for certain hydropower plants, minimum pressure is one of the major critical points. Violation of the minimum pressure causes the power plant to automatically shut down, hence violating the obligations of the plant. Automatic pressure switches and pressure constraints are difficult to model in particular when embedded in a complex water way. This problem is expected to increase when retrofitting hydro installations with new parallel units and increased exploitation of inflow resources. From a scheduling point of view, however, such switches become hard to integrate in an optimal operation plan as the constraint depends on the system state. This paper introduces a novelty in short-term production planning, namely a solution for modelling minimum pressure height in regulated watercourses when optimizing the energy production of hydropower plants. This solution is integrated in the short-term hydropower scheduling tool SHOP. The tool finds an optimal strategy to run a power station with such minimum pressure restrictions and the state dependent topological couplings within the water system. We apply the model on a complex topology, the Sira-Kvina water system, where Norway's largest hydropower station Tonstad Kraftstajon is operationally subject to this rigorous pressure constraint. First, in order to illustrate the concepts of the model, we apply the model on a simplified water course including one reservoir. Next, the outcome and tests are demonstrated on the final model of two reservoirs whose respective outflows are joining together above the pressure gauge, as found in the Sira-Kvina water system. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Hydropower scheduling optimization mixed-integer linear programming

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Generation Ramping Valuation in Day-Ahead Electricity Markets 49

Generation Ramping Valuation in Day-Ahead Electricity Market...

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49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： Parvania, Masood Scaglione, Anna Univ Utah Dept Elect & Comp Engn Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Arizona State Univ Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769556703

In this paper, we first introduce a variational formulation of the Unit Commitment (UC) problem, in which generation and ramping trajectories of the generating units are continuous time signals and the generating units cost depends on the three signals: the binary commitment status of the units as well as their continuous-time generation and ramping trajectories. We assume such bids are piecewise strictly convex time-varying linear functions of these three variables. Based on this problem derive a tractable approximation by constraining the commitment trajectories to switch in a discrete and finite set of points and representing the trajectories in the function space of piece-wise polynomial functions within the intervals, whose discrete coefficients are then the UC problem decision variables. Our judicious choice of the signal space allows us to represent cost and constraints as linear functions of such coefficients;thus, our UC models preserves the MILP formulation of the UC problem. Numerical simulation over real load data from the California ISO demonstrate that the proposed UC model reduces the total day ahead and real-time operation cost, and the number of ramping scarcity events in the real-time operations.

关键词： Unit commitment generation trajectory ramping trajectory ramping cost continuous-time function space mixed-integer linear programming

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Enhancing the Efficiency of Electricity Utilization Through Home Energy Management Systems within the Smart Grid Framework

Enhancing the Efficiency of Electricity Utilization Through ...

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作者： Tiago Daniel Penedo Mendes UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR

学位级别：博士

The concept behind smart grids is the aggregation of "intelligence" into the grid, whether through communication systems technologies that allow broadcast/data reception in real-time, or through monitoring and systems control in an autonomous way. With respect to the technological advancements, in recent years there has been a significant increment in devices and new strategies for the implementation of smart buildings/homes, due to the growing awareness of society in relation to environmental concerns and higher energy costs, so that energy efficiency improvements can provide real gains within modern society. In this perspective, the end-users are seen as active players with the ability to manage their energy resources, for example, microproduction units, domestic loads, electric vehicles and their participation in demand response events. This thesis is focused on identifying application areas where such technologies could bring benefits for their applicability, such as the case of wireless networks, considering the positive and negative points of each protocol available in the market. Moreover, this thesis provides an evaluation of dynamic prices of electricity and peak power, using as an example a system with electric vehicles and energy storage, supported by mixed-integer linear programming, within residential energy management. This thesis will also develop a power measuring prototype designed to process and determine the main electrical measurements and quantify the electrical load connected to a low voltage alternating current system. Finally, two cases studies are proposed regarding the application of model predictive control and thermal regulation for domestic applications with cooling requirements, allowing to minimize energy consumption, considering the restrictions of demand, load and acclimatization in the system.

关键词： Communication protocols Energy efficiency Electric vehicles Demand response Smart grids Smart homes mixed-integer linear programming Predictive control

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A MILP-Based Distribution Optimal Power Flow Model for Microgrid Operation

A MILP-Based Distribution Optimal Power Flow Model for Micro...

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IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting (PESGM)

作者： Liu, Guodong Starke, Michael Zhang, Xiaohu Tomsovic, Kevin Oak Ridge Natl Lab Power & Energy Syst Grp Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA Univ Tennessee Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Knoxville TN USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041688

This paper proposes a distribution optimal power flow (D-OPF) model for the operation of microgrids. The proposed model minimizes not only the operating cost, including fuel cost, purchasing cost and demand charge, but also several performance indices, including voltage deviation, network power loss and power factor. It co-optimizes the real and reactive power form distributed generators (DGs) and batteries considering their capacity and power factor limits. The D-OPF is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). Numerical simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model.

关键词： Distribution optimal power flow microgrids distributed generators multiobjective optimization mixed-integer linear programming

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The Effect of Demand Response in the Minimum Available Reserve of Energy Management

The Effect of Demand Response in the Minimum Available Reser...

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IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting (PESGM)

作者： Soares, Joao Borges, Nuno Fotouhi, Ali Vale, Zita Polytech Porto ISEP IPP GECAD Knowledge Engn & Decis Support Res Ctr Rua Dr Antonio Almeida 431 P-4200072 Oporto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041688

This paper presents a multi-objective energy scheduling for the daily operation of a Smart Grid (SG) considering maximization of the minimum available reserve in addition to the cost minimization, to take into account the reliability requirements of critical and vulnerable loads. A Virtual Power Player (VPP) manages the day-ahead energy resource scheduling in the smart grid, considering Distributed Generation (DG) and Vehicle-To-Grid (V2G), while maintaining a highly reliable power for the critical loads. This work considers high penetration of critical loads, e.g. industrial processes that require high power quality, high reliability and few interruptions. A mathematical formulation is described and a deterministic technique based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is used to solve the multi-objective problem. The effect of some customers with DR in this context is analyzed to assess the benefits in the energy scheduling problem. A case study using a 180-bus Portuguese distribution network with 90 load points, several DG units and a large fleet of Electric Vehicles (EVs) with V2G is used to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Electric Vehicles Multi-objective optimization Pareto front mixed-integer linear programming Smart Grid

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Optimal Bidding Strategies of Wind-Thermal Power Producers 7th

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7th IFIP WG 5.5/SOCOLNET Advanced Doctoral Conference on Computing, Electrical and Industrial Systems (DoCEIS)

作者： Laia, R. Pousinho, H. M. I. Melicio, R. Mendes, V. M. F. Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn IDMEC LAETA Lisbon Portugal Univ Evora Escola Ciencias & Tecnol Dept Fis Evora Portugal Inst Super Engn Lisboa Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783319311654;9783319311647

This paper addresses a stochastic mixed-integer linear programming model for solving the self-scheduling problem of a thermal and wind power producer acting in an electricity market. Uncertainty on market prices and on wind power is modelled via a scenarios set. The mathematical formulation of thermal units takes into account variable and start-up costs and operational constraints like: ramp up/down limits and minimum up/down time limits. A mixed-integer linear formulation is used to obtain the offering strategies of the coordinated production of thermal and wind energy generation, aiming the profit maximization. Finally, a case study is presented and results are discussed.

关键词： mixed-integer linear programming Stochastic optimization Wind-thermal coordination Offering strategies

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Security of SM4 Against (Related-Key) Differential Cryptanalysis 1

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12th International Conference on Information Security Practice and Experience (ISPEC)

作者： Zhang, Jian Wu, Wenling Zheng, Yafei Chinese Acad Sci Inst Software Beijing 100190 Peoples R China State Key Lab Cryptol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9783319491516

ISBN: (纸本)9783319491516;9783319491509

In this paper, we study the security of SM4 block cipher against (related-key) differential cryptanalysis by making use of the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) method. SM4 is the first commercial block cipher standard of China, which attracts lots of attentions in cryptography. To analyze the security of SM4 against differential attack, we exploit a highly automatic MILP method to determine the minimum number of active S-boxes for consecutive rounds of SM4. We try to dig out the underlying relationships in different rounds, and convert them to the constraints trickily to extend the MILP model, in order to cut off the invalid differential modes as many as possible. We obtain tighter lower bounds on the number of active S-boxes by solving the extended MILP model with optimizer Gurobi. Moreover, we consider the security of SM4 against related-key differential analysis. We construct the extended MILP model by adding more helpful constraints, and get the lower bounds on the number of active S-boxes, which proves the intuition of stronger differential security of SM4 in the related-key setting. Our results shows that there exists no differential characteristic with probability larger than 2-128 for 23 rounds of SM4 in the single-key setting and 19 rounds in the related-key setting.

关键词： Block cipher SM4 Differential attack Active S-box Related-key differential attack mixed-integer linear programming

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mixed integer linear programming based thermal unit commitment problem in deregulated environment

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 2010年第4期6卷 466-479页

作者： Bisanovic, Smajo Hajro, Mensur Dlakic, Muris PE Elektroprivreda Bosnia & Herzegovina Vilsonovo Setaliste 15 Sarajevo 71000 Bosnia & Herceg Univ Sarajevo Fac Elect Engn Sarajevo 71000 Bosnia & Herceg

This paper addresses the self-scheduling problem of determining the unit commitment status for power generation companies before submitting the hourly bids In a day-ahead market. The thermal unfit commitment model Is formulated as a deterministic optimization problem where expected profit is maximized using the 0/1 mixed-integer linear programming technique. This approach allows precise modelling of non-convex variable cost, nonlinear start-up cost, ramp rate limits and minimum up and down time constraints for thermal units. Model Incorporates long-term bilateral contracts with contracted power and price patterns, as well as forecasted market hourly prices for day-ahead auction. Solution is achieved using the homogeneous and self-dual interior point method for linear programming as state of the art technique, with a branch and bound optimizer for integer programming. The effectiveness of the proposed model optimizing the thermal generation schedule Is demonstrated through the case study with detailed discussion.

关键词： Electricity spot market bilateral contracts thermal unit commitment mixed-integer linear programming

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Minimization of Power Usage in a Compressor Station with Multiple Compressors

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JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING 2016年第4期142卷 04015048-04015048页

作者： Deng, Tianhu Tsinghua Univ Dept Ind Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

In natural-gas transmission, a compressor station often consists of multiple types of compressors. For any given suction pressure, discharge pressure, and total mass flow, an operation manager needs to decide the set of compressors to work, the rotation speed of each working compressor, and the natural-gas flow allocation among all the working compressors. In this paper, two solution approaches are investigated and compared: mixed-integer linear programming and dynamic programming. Both approaches require the discretization of actual volumetric flow. Numerical results reveal that when the discrete interval is 0.1m3/s, dynamic programming takes less computation time than mixed-integer linear programming does. However, this order is reversed when the discrete interval is 0.01 or 0.001m3/s.

关键词： Natural gas Compressor power minimization Dynamic programming mixed-integer linear programming

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Efficient Optimization of Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Transportation Networks

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 2016年第3期30卷 04015047-04015047页

作者： El-Anwar, Omar Ye, Jin Orabi, Wallied Univ Washington Dept Construct Management Seattle WA 98195 USA Cairo Univ Dept Struct Engn Giza 12316 Egypt Univ Washington Dept Ind & Syst Engn Seattle WA 98195 USA Florida Int Univ OHL Sch Construct Miami FL 33174 USA

Catastrophes, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and tsunamis often cause large-scale damage to transportation systems. In the aftermath of these disasters, there is a present challenge to quickly analyze various reconstruction plans and assess their impacts on restoring transportation services. This paper presents a new methodology for optimizing post-disaster reconstruction plans for transportation networks with superior computational efficiency employing mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The model is capable of optimizing transportation recovery projects prioritization and contractors assignment in order to simultaneously: (1)accelerate networks recovery;and (2)minimize public expenditures. The full methodology is presented in two companion publications, where the focus of this paper is to propose new methods for (1)decomposing traffic analysis;(2)assessing the traffic and cost performance of reconstruction plans;(3)reducing the massive solution search space;and (4)phasing the use of mixed-integer linear programming to optimize the problem. An illustrative example is presented throughout the paper to demonstrate the implementation phases. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Transportation network reconstruction Post-disaster recovery Multi-objective optimization mixed-integer linear programming Computational cost Traffic analysis Contractors assignment Search space

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