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Optimal forest transportation with respect to road investments

FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS 2005年第3期7卷 369-379页

作者： Olsson, L Lohmander, P Swedish Univ Agr Sci Dept Forest Econ S-90183 Umea Sweden Mid Sweden Univ Dept Engn Phys & Math S-85170 Sundsvall Sweden

This paper concerns roundwood transport on gravel roads. The forest sector in Sweden has identified the road quality as a major problem, in particular in the spring, when the ground is thawing. The model simultaneously optimizes roundwood transport and road investments on gravel roads. The model is a mixed-integer programming model, since the road accessibility variables need to be binary. Investments in surface roads, maintenance and construction of new roads are not included in the model. We test the model with a sample problem using a small area. With a simple heuristic method 'near to optimal' solutions are obtained in reasonable time. In the last section we make some concluding remarks and discuss future use of the model. Heuristics and aggregation are two different ways to solve the problem in reasonable time. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： mixed-integer programming forest logistics road investments strategic planning

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Assessing the trade-offs between timber supply and wildlife protection goals in boreal landscapes

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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH 2020年第3期50卷 243-258页

作者： Yemshanov, Denys Haight, Robert G. Liu, Ning Parisien, Marc-Andre Barber, Quinn Koch, Frank H. Burton, Cole Mansuy, Nicolas Campioni, Fabio Choudhury, Salimur Nat Resources Canada Canadian Forest Serv Great Lakes Forestry Ctr Sault Ste Marie ON P6A 2E5 Canada Forest Serv USDA Northern Res Stn St Paul MN 55108 USA Nat Resources Canada Canadian Forest Serv Northern Forestry Ctr Edmonton AB T6H 3S5 Canada Forest Serv USDA Southern Res Stn Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr Res Triangle Pk NC 27709 USA Univ British Columbia Dept Forest Resources Management Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Lakehead Univ Dept Comp Sci Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E8 Canada

Protecting wildlife within areas of resource extraction often involves reducing habitat fragmentation. In Canada, protecting threatened woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin, 1788)) populations requires preserving large areas of intact forest habitat, with some restrictions on industrial forestry activities. We present a linear programming model that assesses the trade-off between achieving an objective of habitat protection for caribou populations while maintaining desired levels of harvest in forest landscapes. The habitat-protection objective maximizes the amount of connected habitat that is accessible by caribou, and the forestry objective maximizes net revenues from timber harvest subject to even harvest flow, a harvest target, and environmental sustainability constraints. We applied the model to explore the habitat protection and harvesting scenarios in the Cold Lake caribou range, a 6726 km(2) area of prime caribou habitat in Alberta, Canada. We evaluated harvest scenarios ranging from 0.1 Mm(3).year(-1) to maximum sustainable harvest levels over 0.7 Mm(3).year(-1) and assessed the impact of habitat protection measures on timber supply costs. Protecting caribou habitat by deferring or reallocating harvest increases the timber unit cost by Can$1.1-2.0 m(-3). However, this impact can be partially mediated by extending the harvest to areas of oil and gas extraction to offset forgone harvest in areas of prime caribou habitat.

关键词： caribou recovery network flow model mixed-integer programming Steiner network landscape connectivity harvestc scheduling model I wildlife habitat protection Canada

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A variable-reduction technique for the fixed-route vehicle-refueling problem

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2014年第1期67卷 204-215页

作者： Suzuki, Yoshinori Iowa State Univ Coll Business Dept Supply Chain & Informat Syst Ames IA 50011 USA

The fixed-route vehicle-refueling problem (FRVRP) is a difficult combinatorial problem that is used extensively in the US truckload industry to manage fuel costs. This paper proposes a preprocessing technique for the FRVRP that cuts the problem size noticeably without eliminating the optimal solution(s), which allows users to enlarge the size of solvable instances or save the CPU time of solving the problem dramatically. Empirical testing with real-world instances shows that our method: (i) reduces the problem size by 54.8% and (ii) solves the FRVRPs to optimality in roughly 1/4 of the time it is currently taking. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Freight transportation Motor carriers Fuel cost mixed-integer programming Preprocessing

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A Configuration Based Pumped Storage Hydro Model in the MISO Day-Ahead Market

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 2022年第1期37卷 132-141页

作者： Huang, Bing Chen, Yonghong Baldick, Ross Midcontinent Independent Syst Operator Inc MISO Carmel IN 46032 USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA

Pumped storage hydro units (PSHU) can provide flexibility to power systems. This becomes particularly valuable in recent years with the increasing shares of intermittent renewable resources. However, due to emphasis on thermal generation in the current market practices, the flexibility from PSHUs has not been fully explored and utilized. This paper proposes a configuration based pumped storage hydro (PSH) model for the day-ahead market, in order to enhance the use of PSH resources in the system. A strategic design of incorporating and fully optimizing PSHUs in the day-ahead market is presented. We show the compactness of the proposed model. Numerical studies are presented in an illustrative test system and the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) system.

关键词： MISO communication Reservoirs Numerical models Mathematical model Energy states Generators Economics Pumped storage hydro configuration based model mixed-integer programming security constrained unit commitment

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Effects of European emissions trading on the transformation of primary steelmaking: Assessment of economic and climate impacts in a case study from Germany

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JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY 2024年第6期28卷 1524-1540页

作者： Graupner, Yannik Weckenborg, Christian Spengler, Thomas S. Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Inst Automot Management & Ind Prod Muhlenpfordtstr 23 D-38106 Braunschweig Germany

Due to climate change and the urgent need to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of industrial processes, decarbonizing energy-intensive industries is highly important. In Europe, emissions trading is the main regulatory instrument providing incentives to replace conventional production facilities with low-carbon alternatives. Using the example of primary steelmaking, this study aims to evaluate the impacts of product benchmark revisions on the transformation of integrated steel mills. To this end, an optimization model for the strategic planning of economically favorable transformation pathways is developed. The model is combined with a prospective assessment of economic and climate impacts from steelmaking processes. By applying the model to a case study from Germany, legislative conditions in which steel manufacturers are encouraged to transform their production infrastructure are identified. Based on current regulations on product benchmarks for steelmaking, investments into low-carbon technologies are slowed down until allocations of emissions allowances expire. However, benchmark revisions have the potential to speed up transformation plans significantly. In the analyzed scenarios, the greenhouse gas emissions of primary steelmaking between 2024 and 2034 decreased by up to 15%. These results are further strengthened by sensitivity analyses on the main market influences. Hence, this study provides policy recommendations on favorable revisions of product benchmarks for primary steelmaking.

关键词： decarbonization EU emissions trading system impact assessment industrial ecology low-CO2 steel production mixed-integer programming

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Differentiated Time Slot Pricing Under Routing Considerations in Attended Home Delivery

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TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE 2019年第1期53卷 236-255页

作者： Klein, Robert Neugebauer, Michael Ratkovitch, Dimitri Steinhardt, Claudius Univ Augsburg D-86159 Augsburg Germany Bundeswehr Univ Munich D-85577 Neubiberg Germany

In this paper, we study an e-grocer's tactical problem of differentiated time slot pricing in attended home delivery. The purpose of differentiating delivery prices is to influence customers' choice behavior concerning the offered time slots, such that cost-effective delivery schedules on an operational level can be expected and overall profit is maximized. We present a mixed-integer linear programming formulation of the problem, in which delivery costs are anticipated by explicitly incorporating routing constraints, and we model customer behavior by a general nonparametric rank-based choice model. Concerning cost anticipation, we also propose a model-based approximation that enables application to real-world problem sizes. In a setup inspired by an industry partner operating in urban areas, we then perform a comprehensive computational study that reveals the value of the model-based approximation as a supporting instrument for an e-grocer's pricing decisions in practice. In particular, we demonstrate the superiority of the model-based approximation for real-world problem sizes to several benchmark approaches applied in the scientific literature and in practice (e.g., a unit price approach and other standard pricing heuristics).

关键词： e-grocery attended home delivery delivery time slots differentiated pricing vehicle routing mixed-integer programming

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Annual block scheduling for family medicine residency programs with continuity clinic considerations

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IIE TRANSACTIONS 2016年第9期48卷 797-811页

作者： Bard, Jonathan F. Shu, Zhichao Morrice, Douglas J. Leykum, Luci K. Poursani, Ramin Univ Texas Austin Dept Mech Engn Operat Res & Ind Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Mech Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin McCombs Sch Business Operat Management Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin McCombs Sch Business Univ Texas Supply Chain Management Ctr Excellence Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio Sch Med Med San Antonio TX 78229 USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio Sch Med Dept Family & Community Med San Antonio TX 78229 USA

This article presents a new model for constructing annual block schedules for family medicine residents based on the rules and procedures followed by the Family Medicine Department at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio (UTHSC-SA). Such residency programs provide 3years of specialty training for recent medical school graduates. At the beginning of each academic year, each trainee is given an annual block schedule that indicates his or her monthly assignments. These assignments are called rotations and include a variety of experiences, such as pediatric ambulatory care, the emergency room, and inpatient surgery. An important requirement associated with a subset of the rotations is that the residents spend multiple half-day sessions a week in a primary care clinic treating patients from the community. This is a key consideration when constructing the annual block schedules. In particular, one of the primary goals of most residencies is to ensure that the number of residents in clinic each day is approximately the same, so that the number of patients that can be seen each day is also the same. Uniformity provides for a more efficient use of supervisory and staff *** difficulty in achieving this goal is that not all rotations allow for clinic duty and that the number of patients that can be seen by a resident each session depends on his or her year of training. When constructing annual block schedules, two high-level sets of variables are available to the program coordinator. The first is the assignment of residents to rotations for each of the 12 blocks, and the second is the (partial) ability to adjust the days on which a resident has clinic duty during each rotation. In approaching the problem, our aim was to redesign the current rotations while giving all residents a 12-month schedule that concurrently (i) balances the number of patients that can be seen in the clinic during each half-day session and (ii) minimizes the number of ad

关键词： Resident scheduling block scheduling medical rotations soft constraints mixed-integer programming

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Traffic signal control with partial grade separation for oversaturated conditions

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2016年第Oct.期71卷 267-283页

作者： He, Qing Kamineni, Ramya Zhang, Zhenhua Univ Buffalo State Univ New York Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn Buffalo NY 14260 USA Univ Buffalo State Univ New York Dept Ind & Syst Engn Buffalo NY 14260 USA

Increasing individual vehicular traffic is a major concern all around the world. This leads to more and more oversaturated intersections. Traffic signal control under oversaturated condition is a long-lasting challenge. To address this challenge thoroughly, this paper introduces grade separation at signalized intersections. A lane-based optimization model is developed for the integrated design of grade-separated lanes (e.g. tunnels), lane markings (e.g. left turns, through traffic, right turns, etc.) and signal timing settings. We take into account two types of lane configurations. One is conventional surface lanes controlled by signals, and the other is grade-separated lanes. This problem is formulated as a mixed integer Linear Program (MILP), and this can be solved using the regular branch-and-bound methods. The integer decision variables help in finding if the movement is on grade-separated or surface lanes, and also the successor functions to govern the order of signal display. The continuous variables include the assigned lane flow, common flow multiplier, cycle length, and start and duration of green for traffic movements and lanes. The optimized signal time settings and lane configurations are then represented in Vissim simulation. Numerical examples, along with a benefit-cost analysis show the good savings of the proposed optimization model for oversaturated traffic conditions. The benefit-cost ratio for installing 4 grade-separated lanes (as a tunnel) at a heavily oversaturated intersection (intersection capacity utilization rate equal to 1.57) exceeds 5.4. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Traffic signal control Oversaturated traffic Partial grade separation mixed-integer programming

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State elimination for mixed-integer optimal control of partial differential equations by semigroup theory

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OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS 2022年第3期43卷 867-883页

作者： Thuenen, Anna Leyffer, Sven Sager, Sebastian Tech Univ Clausthal Inst Math D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld Germany Argonne Natl Lab Math & Comp Sci Div Lemont IL USA Otto Von Guericke Univ Fac Math Magdeburg Germany

mixed-integer optimal control problems governed by partial differential equations (MIPDECOs) are powerful modeling tools but also challenging in terms of theory and computation. We propose a highly efficient state elimination approach for MIPDECOs that are governed by partial differential equations that have the structure of an abstract ordinary differential equation in function space. This allows us to avoid repeated calculations of the states for all time steps, and our approach is applied only once before starting the optimization. The presentation of theoretical results is complemented by numerical experiments.

关键词： finite-difference method heat equation mixed-integer programming optimal control partial differential equations

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Polyhedral analysis and algorithms for a demand-driven refleeting model for aircraft assignment

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TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE 2005年第3期39卷 349-366页

作者： Sherali, HD Bish, EK Zhu, XM Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ Grado Dept Ind & Syst Engn 0118 Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

T he current airline practice in conducting fleet assignments is to begin assigning aircraft capacity to scheduled flights well in advance of departures. However, the accuracy of the passenger demand forecast improves markedly over time, and revisions to the initial fleet assignment become naturally pertinent when the observed demand differs considerably from the assigned aircraft capacities. The demand-driven refleeting (DDR) approach proposed in this paper offers a dynamic reassignment of aircraft capacities to the flight network, when improved demand forecasts become available, so as to maximize the total revenue. Because of the need to preserve the initial crew schedule, this reassignment approach is limited within a single family of aircraft types and to the flights assigned to this particular family. This restriction makes it computationally tractable to include more relevant path-level demand information into the DDR model. Accordingly, we construct a mixed-integer programming model for this enhanced problem context and study its polyhedral structure to explore ways for tightening its representation and for deriving certain classes of valid inequalities. Various schemes for implementing such reformulation techniques are investigated and tested using a set of simulated and real instances obtained from United Airlines.

关键词： airline fleet assignment demand-driven refleeting path demands mixed-integer programming valid inequalities polyhedral analysis

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