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Facilitating consistency of business model and technical models in product-service-systems development: An ontology approach

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第13期52卷 1229-1235页

作者： Zou, M. Basirati, M.R. Bauer, H. Kattner, N. Reinhart, G. Lindemann, U. Böhm, M. Krcmar, H. Vogel-Heuser, B. Institute of Automation and Information Systems Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Institute of Product Development Technical University of Munich Garching Germany

Due to the fast growing and ever changing innovation cycles, industries are changing their strategies from a product-centric to service-centric approach, leading to the emergence of product-service systems (PSS) which integrate services into physical technical systems. In the model-based development of PSS, various models are employed by different stakeholders to represent their views on the system. However, there is a high diversity of these models in both forms and contents. Among others, business models and technical models come in different levels of abstraction, and thus, are hard to align with each other. In this study, we propose an approach to support PSS development by relating business models to technical models using ontology. Web ontology language (OWL) is employed to describe PSS knowledge, the Query Language SPARQL and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) are used for consistency checking and reasoning potential inconsistencies. © 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Service industry Ontology Query languages Levels of abstraction model based development model consistency model based engineering Product service systems Productservice system (PSS) Semantic Web Rule Language(SWRL) Technical models

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A Hardware-in-the-Loop Facility for Integrated Vehicle Dynamics Control System Design and Validation

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第21期49卷 32-38页

作者： Soltani, Amir Assadian, Francis Cranfield University CranfieldMK43 0AL United Kingdom University of California One Shields Ave. DavisCa 95616 United States

Due to the increased number and the complexity of the embedded systems in today's vehicle, there is ever increasing pressure to reduce the development cost and time to market of such systems. In recent years, model based development (MBD) is becoming a main stream in the development of automotive embedded systems, and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) testing is one of the key steps toward the implementation of MBD approach. This paper presents the recent HiL facility that has been developed at Cranfield University. The HiL setup includes real steering and brake smart actuator, high fidelity validated vehicle model, complete rapid control prototyping tool chain, and driver-in-the-loop capability. The applications of HiL setup are including but not limited to: smart actuators system identification; rapid control development and early validation of standalone and/or integrated vehicle dynamics control systems. Furthermore, the facility can be employed for investigation on driver-vehicle interaction at the presence of standalone active steering and/or brake systems as well as various Advanced Driver Assist Systems (ADAS), such as lane keeping or adaptive cruise control systems. The capability of the HiL facility for validation of a several newly developed vehicle dynamics control systems is presented. © 2016

关键词： Adaptive control systems Actuators Adaptive cruise control Advanced driver assistance systems Automobile steering equipment Belt drives Brakes Computer control Computer hardware description languages Dynamics Embedded systems Hardware Hardware in the loop simulation Identification (control systems) Steering Synthetic apertures Active brake control Active steering control Automotive control Control validations Hardware in the loops model based development Rapid control prototyping Vehicle dynamics control system

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model-based VERIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SOFTWARE

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COMPUTER 2009年第4期42卷 53-+页

作者： Shokry, Hesham Hinchey, Mike Univ Limerick Limerick Ireland

Current advances in model-based development technology indicate that embedded-software developers can expect more tool support for the whole embedded-software spectrum, from applications to system software.

关键词： model based development Embedded Software development Lero

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Regression Testing, Spoken Language, Crash-Inducing Commits, UML, and Legal Policy

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2016年第2期33卷 26-28页

作者： Carver, Jeffrey C. Cabot, Jordi Minku, Leandro L. Torchiano, Marco Univ Alabama Dept Comp Sci Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA ICREA Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies Barcelona Spain Interdisciplinary Internet Inst Castelldefels Spain Univ Leicester Dept Comp Sci Leicester LE1 7RH Leics England Politecn Torinos Dept Control & Comp Engn Turin Italy

This month's column reports on papers from the 2015 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, the 11th International Conference on Predictive models and Data Analytics in Software Engineering, and the 2015 ACM/IEEE International Conference on model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems. The paper topics include regression testing, language policies, crash-inducing commits, UML, and model-based development.

关键词： Software development Regression Testing Language Policies Crash Inducing Commits UML model based development Software Engineering

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A Hardware-in-the-Loop Facility for Integrated Vehicle Dynamics Control System Design and Validation

A Hardware-in-the-Loop Facility for Integrated Vehicle Dynam...

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7th IFAC Symposium on Mechatronic Systems (MECHATRONICS)

作者： Soltani, Amir Assadian, Francis Cranfield Univ Cranfield MK43 0AL Beds England Univ Calif Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616 USA

Due to the increased number and the complexity of the embedded systems in todays vehicle, there is ever increasing pressure to reduce the development cost and time to market of such systems. In recent years, model based development (MBD) is becoming a main stream in the development of automotive embedded systems, and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) testing is one of the key steps toward the implementation of MBD approach. This paper presents the recent HiL facility that has been developed at Cranfield University. The HiL setup includes real steering and brake smart actuator, high fidelity validated vehicle model, complete rapid control prototyping tool chain, and driver-in-the-loop capability. The applications of HiL setup are including but not limited to: smart actuators system identification;rapid control development and early validation of standalone and/or integrated vehicle dynamics control systems. Furthermore, the facility can be employed for investigation on driver-vehicle interaction at the presence of standalone active steering and/or brake systems as well as various Advanced Driver Assist Systems (ADAS), such as lane keeping or adaptive cruise control systems. The capability of the HiL facility for validation of a several newly developed vehicle dynamics control systems is presented. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting Elsevier Ltd. All rights reseirved.

关键词： Automotive Control Integrated Vehicle Dynamics Control Systems Rapid Control Prototyping Control Validation model based development Hardware in the Loop (HiL) Active Steering Control Active Brake Control

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Experience from model and software reuse in aircraft simulator product line engineering

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2013年第3期55卷 595-606页

作者： Andersson, Henric Herzog, Erik Olvander, Johan Linkoping Univ Dept Management & Engn SE-58183 Linkoping Sweden SAAB Aeronaut SE-58188 Linkoping Sweden

Context: "Reuse" and "model based development" are two prominent trends for improving industrial development efficiency. Product lines are used to reduce the time to create product variants by reusing components. The model based approach provides the opportunity to enhance knowledge capture for a system in the early stages in order to be reused throughout its lifecycle. This paper describes how these two trends are combined to support development and support of a simulator product line for the SAAB 39 Gripen fighter aircraft. Objective: The work aims at improving the support (in terms of efficiency and quality) when creating simulation model configurations. Software based simulators are flexible so variants and versions of included models may easily be exchanged. The objective is to increase the reuse when combining models for usage in a range of development and training simulators. Method: The research has been conducted with an interactive approach using prototyping and demonstrations, and the evaluation is based on an iterative and a retrospective method. Results: A product line of simulator models for the SAAB 39 Gripen aircraft has been analyzed and defined in a Product Variant Master. A configurator system has been implemented for creation, integration, and customization of stringent simulator model configurations. The system is currently under incorporation in the standard development process at SAAB Aeronautics. Conclusion: The explicit and visual description of products and their variability through a configurator system enables better insights and a common understanding so that collaboration on possible product configurations improves and the potential of software reuse increases. The combination of application fields imposes constraints on how traditional tools and methods may be utilized. Solutions for Design Automation and Knowledge based Engineering are available, but their application has limitations for Software Product Line engineering and the reuse

关键词： Software Product Line SPL Knowledge based Engineering Configurator model based development PDM

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System development using Petri net based modules

System development using Petri net based modules

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9th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Costa, Aniko Gomes, Luis Univ Nova Lisboa UNINOVA CTS P-1200 Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781457704345

model based development within the area of embedded systems hardware-software co-design has been demonstrated to be effective to handle system complexity. Several modeling formalisms are widely used within this area. The work presented in this paper aims to contribute for the usage of Petri nets as the system-level specification language within model-based development of embedded systems using co-design techniques. System model partitioning into modules and components ready to be implemented in hardware or software and be deployed into a distributed platform is a major concern within co-design methodologies. Having Petri net as underlying modeling formalisms the net splitting operation can be used in order to decompose the model into several sub-models. The resulted sub-models can be seen as components and executed in parallel communicating using directed synchronous communication channels. In this paper it is presented how to modify the splitted model in order to be considered as composable modules, supporting module reutilization, which is a key impact factor within engineering activities. The proposed techniques rely on keeping the module interface unchanged in order to support the integration of the module in new situations.

关键词： Analytical models Communication channels Control systems Mathematical model Petri net based modules Petri nets Petri nets Software Synchronization computational complexity directed synchronous communication channels distributed platform embedded systems embedded systems hardware-software codesign formal specification hardware-software codesign model based development net splitting operation object-oriented programming system complexity system development system-level specification language

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Improving collapsibility robustness of an EPS-CD by means of simulation and six sigma

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Advanced modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences 2020年第1期7卷 1-19页

作者： Costas Muñoz, Didac Majzel, Michał ZF Group Konwojowa 94 Bielsko-Biała 43-300 Poland

Steering columns for column assist Electric Steering are one of the main elements of the passive safety restraint system in a passenger vehicle. It is designed to collapse applying an optimized ride down force to reduce chest and head injuries of the driver during a frontal crash event, making this requirement one of the most important ones for its development. The system crash response is generated by several elements and interfaces due to the fact of many other different product requirements that a steering column must fulfill. This could lead into a complex validation process throughout the development, as it is needed to integrate the product into the vehicle in order to meet the passive safety requirements. As part of ZF lean Validation approach a new method has been developed to improve the system robustness in ZF Active safety division by means of virtual simulation and six sigma disciplines. This resultant method is also applicable for a model based development process and also contributes to improve frontloading development techniques. An analysis of variance has been done using a correlated virtual model for crash simulation, where the main parameters of the system are known (normally the case when same product generation is reused in a new vehicle). Obtaining as a result of the analysis the regression equation of the system response. This equation defines and quantifies the importance of each factor, and consequently is defining the component contribution and how to develop a column from bottom to top. Moreover, as a second step, a Monte Carlo analysis has been applied using the equation obtained generating statistical results for a number of cases (based in the design tolerances) not manageable from the hardware testing perspective neither from the finite elements methods. In that project Monte Carlo analysis has been applied for 100,000 cases generating response confident intervals instead of the classic FEM deterministic response where only the nominal

关键词： Crash Democratization Frontloading model based development Monte Carlo Steering column

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model based Refinement and the Tools of Tomorrow

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1st International Conference of Abstract State Machines, B and Z

作者： Banach, Richard Univ Manchester Sch Comp Sci Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England

ISBN: (纸本)9783540876021

The ingredients of typical model based development via refinement are re-examined, and some well known frameworks are reviewed ill that light. drawing out commonalities and differences. It is observed that alterations ill semantics take place de facto due to applications pressures and for other reasons. This leads to a perspective on tools for such methods in which the proof obligations become programmable and/or configurable. permitting easier co-operation between techniques and interaction with all Evidential Tool Bus. This is of intrinsic interest, and also relevant to the Verification Grand Challenge.

关键词： model based development Refinement Configurable Proof Obligations Tools Verification Grand Challenge

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Verifying the Completeness of Test

Verifying the Completeness of Test

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43rd Annual IEEE AUTOTESTCON Conference

作者： Hecht, Herbert SoHaR Inc Culver City CA 90230 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424422258

Testing of a software product can be claimed to be complete when these criteria have been satisfied: all elements that can fail must have been tested, and all test outcomes must be in agreement with the expected failure effects. This paper addresses how these criteria can be met with particular reference to critical software intensive systems such as aircraft or plant control systems.

关键词： Software test software verification software FMEA model based development

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