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23rd KES International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems (KES)

作者： Shimizu, Nanako Higashino, Toshitaka Soga, Masato Wakayama Univ Grad Sch Syst Engn Sakaedani 930 Wakayama 6408510 Japan Osaka Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Yamadaoka 1-1 Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan Wakayama Univ Fac Syst Engn Sakaedani 930 Wakayama 6408510 Japan

In thinking about human-computer interface, it is important to know how human beings recognize, judge and act. Therefore, Card et al. devised a model of human cognitive processing process called model human processor (MHP). However, this MHP predicts processing time from empirical rules, and is not much considered from the aspect of brain activity. In this study, we focused on readiness potential (RP), which is a characteristic brain wave, and verified MHP from the aspect of brain activity by measuring Electroencephalography (EEG) when performing basic user performance. Experimental results show that MHP can be roughly explained from the aspect of RP, which is a characteristic brain activity. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： model human processor Readiness Potential Basic User Performance Electroencephalography human Computer Interface

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Research on Comparison between model human processor and Readiness Potential

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Procedia Computer Science 2019年 159卷 2005-2014页

作者： Nanako Shimizu Toshitaka Higashino Masato Soga Graduate School of System Engineering Wakayama University Sakaedani 930 Wakayama-city 640-8510 Japan Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University Yamadaoka 1-1 Suita-city 565-0871 Japan Faculty of System Engineering Wakayama University Sakaedani 930 Wakayama-city 640-8510 Japan

关键词： model human processor Readiness Potential Basic User Performance Electroencephalography human Computer Interface

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Investigation of model human processor by EEG Measurement 21

Investigation of Model Human Processor by EEG Measurement

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21st International Conference on Knowledge - Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems (KES)

作者： Higashino, Toshitaka Asano, Yudai Soga, Masato Wakayama Univ Grad Sch Syst Engn Sakaedani 930 Wakayama 6408510 Japan Wakayama Univ Fac Syst Engn Sakaedani 930 Wakayama 6408510 Japan

We repeat the interaction cycle of recognition, judgment and action while practicing skills. The interaction cycle was modeled by Card et al. from the viewpoint of information processing, which is called as model human processor. model human processor can estimate the reaction time of the cycle. However, model human processor does not estimate processing time from the aspect of brain science, but estimates it by empirical model. In this study, we performed four experiments according to model human processor and measured brain activity by Electroencephalography (EEG). As a result of experiments, characteristic EEG was detected. Also, it was found that characteristic EEG was appearing late as well as models delayed cognitive processors of reaction decisions. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Skills model human processor Electroencephalography (EEG) P300

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Investigation of model human processor by EEG Measurement

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Procedia Computer Science 2017年 112卷 2040-2047页

作者： Toshitaka Higashino Yudai Asano Masato Soga Graduate School of Systems Engneering Wakayama University Sakaedani 930 Wakayama-city 640-8510 Japan Faculity of Systems Engneering Wakayama University Sakaedani 930 Wakayama-city 640-8510 Japan

关键词： Skills model human processor Electroencephalography (EEG) P300

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A Quantitative Measure for Information Transfer in human-Machine Control Systems

A Quantitative Measure for Information Transfer in Human-Mac...

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International Siberian Conference on Control and Communications (SIBCON)

作者： Bakaev, Maxim Avdeenko, Tatiana Novosibirsk State Tech Univ Econ Informat Dept Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479971039

This study is an exploration in measuring quantities of information transferred in the course of interaction in human-machine systems, which deemed necessary as fundamental support for interface design. We put forwards several possible measures found in previous research works, including the infamous Hick's law, and validate their applicability with dedicated experiment with 33 users performing selection tasks. The results suggest that interface "effective information capacity" factor, incorporating number of alternative targets (N) and logarithm of their vocabulary size (K, possible different symbols), provided better fit to the observed performance time, while Hick's law model and "interface message length" (IML) based models were clearly inferior. ANOVA suggested strong effect of interaction between N, K, and IML, but building corresponding conclusive model would require further theoretical research. We also calculated selection tasks throughput, which amounted to 59.0 bit/s in the experiment, steadily increasing per K and decreasing with age. Our findings might aid interface designers, in particular ones developing human-machine control systems that seek to maximize overall operating efficiency and minimize costly human errors.

关键词： Interface Design Throughput Hick-Hyman Law model human processor Information Complexity

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Design of a Single Pilot Cockpit for Airline Operations

Design of a Single Pilot Cockpit for Airline Operations

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IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)

作者： Graham, Jonathan Hopkins, Chris Loeber, Andrew Trivedi, Soham

ISBN: (纸本)9781479948369

Rising fuel and operating expenses for commercial airline operators coupled with a predicted pilot labor shortage drives the need for a reduction in costs while continuing to service passengers. One possible solution to reduce recurring costs and mitigate the effects of a pilot shortage is the transition to a single pilot cockpit. Three different design alternatives for implementing a single pilot cockpit in commercial domestic jetliners were identified: the no change option represented by a two pilot cockpit, a single pilot with no additional support, and a single pilot with an onboard support system that automates some of the removed copilot roles. Design alternatives were evaluated using three models: (1) life-cycle cost, (2) reliability, and the (3) processing times for flight procedures based on a human processor simulation. The lifecycle cost model was used to determine the savings generated by a single pilot cockpit. Reliability analysis was done to establish failure rates relative to the target level of safety. A human performance model was developed to evaluate the time on task for each task in the Flight Crew Operating Manual (FCOM) for each alternative. The procedure models were decomposed into component tasks and actions required to complete the procedure. The ranking of alternative designs during utility/cost analysis was found to be (1) the no change option, (2) the single pilot with an onboard support system, and (3) the single pilot with no additional support. We found a tradeoff between the two pilot utility and single pilot with onboard support through cost savings. Based on the analysis of results, the single pilot with an onboard support system was judged to have the best chance for becoming a realistic single pilot cockpit system which will reduce recurring airline operating costs, maintain or improve flight safety, and maintain airline serviceability.

关键词： Airline Operations Aviation Crew Resource Management model human processor Single Pilot Cockpit

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Interaction between a disabled person and a scanning communication aid: Towards an automatic adjustment of the scanning rate adapted to the user

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11th International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs

作者： Ghedira, Souhir Pino, Pierre Bourhis, Guy Univ Paul Verlaine Metz F-57070 Metz France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540705390

For many motor disabled persons, using scanning systems remains the only means of communication. The main disadvantage of this system is the slow pace of communication. A way to raise the pace for the selection of messages consists in optimizing the basic scrolling time. The purpose of this pape ris to describe a method making it possible to adjust this time in an automatic and adaptive way.

关键词： alternative communication scanning system model human processor adaptative scanning rate

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User models and user physical capability

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USER modelING AND USER-ADAPTED INTERACTION 2002年第2-3期12卷 139-169页

作者： Keates, S Langdon, P Clarkson, PJ Robinson, P Univ Cambridge Engn Design Ctr Cambridge CB2 1PZ England Univ Cambridge Comp Lab Cambridge CB2 3QG England

Current interface design practices are based on user models and descriptions derived almost exclusively from studies of able-bodied users (Keates et al., 1999). However, such users are only one point on a wide and varied scale of physical capabilities. Users with a number of different physical impairment conditions have the same desire to use computers as able-bodied people (Busby, 1997), but cannot cope with most current computer access systems (Edwards, 1995). It is important to identify the differences in interaction for users of differing physical capability, because the border between the labels 'able-bodied' and 'motion-impaired' users is becoming increasingly blurred as the generation of computer users inexorably becomes older and physically less capable. If user models are to retain their relevance, then they have to be able to reflect users' physical capabilities (Stary, 1997). Through empirical studies, this paper will show that there are very important differences between those with motion-impairments, whether elderly or disabled, and able-bodied users when they interact with computers. It attempts to quantify where those differences occur in the interaction cycle with the use of a very straightforward user model, the model human processor (MHP) (Card, Moran and Newell, 1983), which describes interaction purely in terms of perception, cognition and motor component times. Although this model is simplistic compared to the more recent sophisticated models, it affords a simple and valuable insight into interaction cycles and offers a building block on which to base more comprehensive models. This work is predicated on the idea that the use of this model in detailed analysis of the basic interaction cycle will provide a means for studying motion impairment at both an individual and general level.

关键词： model human processor motion-impaired users

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TOWARDS REAL-TIME GOMS - A model OF EXPERT BEHAVIOR IN A HIGHLY INTERACTIVE TASK

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BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1994年第4期13卷 255-267页

作者： JOHN, BE VERA, AH NEWELL, A CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV DEPT PSYCHOLPITTSBURGHPA 15213

We present an analysis of an expert performing a highly interactive computer task. The analysis uses GOMS models, specifying the Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules used by the expert. Two models are presented, one with function-level1 operators which perform high-level functions in the domain, and one with keystroke-level operators which describe hand movements. For a segment of behaviour in which the expert accomplished about 30 functions in about 30 s, the function-level model predicted the observed behaviour well, while the keystroke-level model predicted only about half of the observed hand movements. These results, including the discrepancy between the models, are discussed.

关键词： USER modelS COGNITIVE modelS GOMS model human processor

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Extensions of GOMS analyses to expert performance requiring perception of dynamic visual and auditory information 90

Extensions of GOMS analyses to expert performance requiring ...

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1990 SIGCHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 1990

作者： John, Bonnie E. School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0201509326

GOMS models of telephone toll and assistance operators (TAOs) are being constructed in an effort to provide theoretical predictions of expert performance on several dedicated workstations. This applied effort has pushed the development of GOMS modeling techniques into the area of speech input and output, and into a task where information is not always available when it is required by the TAO. This paper describes the task, heuristics for constructing the GOMS models, and parameters for making quantitative predictions of performance time. © 1990 ACM.

关键词： Cognitive models GOMS model human processor User models

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