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10th International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems

作者： Zhan, WanLi Hu, Jun Wang, LiSong Lv, JiaRun Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Comp Sci & Technol Nanjing 211106 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811903908;9789811903892

model simulation is a research method that can discover and improve system design problems through various experiments without the participation of the actual system. In the field of security critical systems and aeroelectronics, a series of security problems are often caused by large and complex system requirements. In this paper, a simulation framework for VRM formal requirement model is proposed to find and solve the problems that occur during the design phase of system requirements. The work includes: comprehensively analyzing each component of VRM model, relying on SysML model to build simulation sequence, executing simulation event propagation system constraints, and displaying system model status in real time. The framework solves the ambiguity of natural language requirements by using VRM formal requirement model, and designs some SysML modeling methods to help emulators build and refine simulation behaviors through case diagrams.

关键词： model simulation VRM SysML Mode simulation behavior

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A push-pull model for inter-city migration simulation

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CITIES 2022年 131卷

作者： Niu, Fangqu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Key Lab Reg Sustainable Dev Modeling Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

This study developed a migration model, termed the inter-city migration model (IcMM), based on the "push-pull" theory to model China's inter-city population migration. The IcMM is comprised of three sub-models: the pull, push, and distance impedance models. The IcMM simulates two-way inter-city migration based on cities' pull factors, push factors, and distance impedance. The IcMM is a strict implementation of the "push-pull" theory. model verification shows that it can achieve good results in simulating China's inter-city migration. The three sub-models included in the IcMM are loosely coupled and easy to expand. The regional applicability and extension of the proposed model is also discussed.

关键词： Population migration (population flow) model simulation Push-pull model Push factor Pull factor

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Antarctic winter sea-ice seasonal simulation with a coupled model: Evaluation of mean features and biases

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JOURNAL OF EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE 2021年第4期130卷 1-10页

作者： Saheed, P. P. Mitra, Ashis K. Momin, Imranali M. Pant, Vimlesh Minist Earth Sci Natl Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasting Noida UP India Indian Inst Technol Ctr Atmospher Sci New Delhi India

For Earth's climate system, the study of the seasonal variability of sea-ice is important as the sea-ice has a significant impact on the net radiative flux, which can influence the mean seasonal behaviours of the atmosphere and ocean. In this study, the seasonal hindcast of 14 austral winter seasons is conducted to assess the skill of a coupled model in simulating the seasonal Antarctic sea-ice and its connection with the other ocean and atmospheric variables. The GloSea4 set-up of the HadGEM3 coupled model is used for the seasonal simulations at the NCMRWF. The model could reproduce the sea-ice extent over the Antarctic for the Austral winter seasons with an average correlation value of 0.98. However, there are moderate biases in the sea-ice concentration. The sea-ice thickness in the model generally shows negative bias, which is not seen to be related to the surface air temperature biases in the coupled system. The moderate positive (warm) biases in the sea surface temperature extending into the upper ocean (30 m), combined with the sea-ice drift bias pattern away from the sea-ice region are the main reasons for the underestimation of sea-ice thickness in the model. The sea surface current bias pattern shows a poleward component that brings the warm water from the warm biased locations of the exterior region into the sea-ice region and explains the presence of warmer waters in the sea-ice regions. The anti-clockwise bias in the surface wind is seen to impact the surface current, Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC), having a similar anti-clockwise current bias. Despite these moderate biases in the model, the inter-annual variability of sea-ice extent is having a reasonably good skill. The model is suitable for extended/seasonal prediction of sea-ice during Austral winter for Antarctic.

关键词： Antarctic sea-ice model simulation coupled model sea-ice verification

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Swelling and swelling pressure of a clayey soil: Experimental data, model simulations and effects on slope stability

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ENGINEERING GEOLOGY 2022年 297卷 106512-106512页

作者： Ghalamzan, Farzaneh De Rosa, Jacopo Gajo, Alessandro Di Maio, Caterina Univ Trento Trento Italy Univ Basilicata Potenza Italy

The behaviour of soils and rocks containing clay minerals is the effect of complex chemo-mechanical processes of interparticle interaction. This paper presents experimental results and model simulations of the influence of mineral composition and pore fluid composition on swelling and swelling pressure of clayey soils frequently affected by instability problems. The soil from a landslide in tectonized clay shales, characterized by wide ranges of plasticity and activity, was analysed. Soil fractions at different liquid limit wL were reconstituted with distilled water or salt solutions at different concentrations and they were compressed in oedometric conditions. The tendency to swell was induced by unloading or by exposure to a fluid different from the pore fluid. Swelling was permitted in a set of specimens and it was prevented in another set by applying increasing pressures. The temporal evolution of swelling and swelling pressure was monitored, and ion concentration in the pore fluid was evaluated by monitoring the cell fluid composition. The chemically induced swelling was very large in the most plastic soil and negligible in the least plastic. Swelling pressure too attained different values, however, it was also very large in the least plastic soil. The observed coupled chemo-mechanical processes were successfully modelled with the FEM method by using a user-defined UEL subroutine that was implemented in the commercial code ABAQUS. The subroutine takes account of the chemo-mechanical interactions in the solid skeleton, through a suitable constitutive model, and of the coupled fluxes in the porous space, in addition to water desorption/adsorption at clay platelets. In the proposed constitutive model, chemical interactions are assumed to affect both the plastic and the elastic response, as it was observed in experiments, thus an extended elasticity law is proposed. A simplified analysis, calibrated on the model results, shows that the role of swelling/swelling pre

关键词： Clay Landslide Swelling Swelling pressure Chemo-mechanical coupling model simulation Finite element modeling

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simulation Failure Robust Bayesian Optimization for Estimating Black-Box model Parameters

Simulation Failure Robust Bayesian Optimization for Estimati...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

作者： Chakrabarty, Ankush Bortoff, Scott A. Laughman, Christopher R. Mitsubishi Elect Res Labs Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442077

Advances in modeling and computation have resulted in high-fidelity digital models capable of simulating the dynamics of a wide range of industrial systems. These models often require calibration, or the estimation of an optimal set of parameters, to reflect a system's observed behavior. While searching over the parameter space is an inevitable part of the calibration process, models are seldom designed to be valid for arbitrarily large parameter spaces. Application of existing black-box calibration methods, therefore, often require repeatedly evaluating a model over a wide range of parameters. For some parameter combinations, the simulations could be unreasonably slow or fail altogether. In general, the shape of subregions in the parameter space that could result in simulation failure is unknown and near-impossible to ascertain analytically. In this paper, we propose a novel failure robust Bayesian optimization (FR-BO) algorithm that learns these failure regions from simulation data and informs a Bayesian optimization algorithm to avoid failure regions while searching for optimal parameters. This results in acceleration of the optimizer's convergence and prevents wastage of time trying to simulate parameters with high failure probabilities.

关键词： Machine learning Bayesian optimization model simulation digital twin feasibility analysis numerical methods Gaussian processes

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Fate processes of Parabens, Triclocarban and Triclosan during wastewater treatment: assessment via field measurements and model simulations

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021年第36期28卷 50602-50610页

作者： Zhang, Zi-Feng Wang, Lu Zhang, Xianming Zhang, Xue Li, Yi-Fan Nikolaev, Anatoly Li, Wen-Long Harbin Inst Technol Int Joint Res Ctr Persistent Tox Subst IJRC PTS State Key Lab Urban Water Resource & Environm Harbin 150090 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Int Joint Res Ctr Arctic Environm & Ecosyst IJRC Polar Acad Harbin 150090 Peoples R China IJRC PTS & IJRC AEE Toronto ON M2N 6X9 Canada Concordia Univ Dept Chem & Biochem 7141 Sherbrooke St West Montreal PQ H4B 1R6 Canada North Eastern Fed Univ Inst Nat Sci Yakutsk Russia

The high levels of parabens (including methyl-, ethyl- and propyl congeners), triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) used every year in China might be a problem to the typical wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This study addresses measurements of parabens, TCC and TCS Northern China WWTP and a modelling assessment on the occurrence, fate and removal pathways in WWTP. Per-capita emissions of the three parabens, TCC and TCS to the WWTP were estimated as 0.41, 0.11 and 0.07 mg/d. After the wastewater treatment processes, 94, 92 and 87% of parabens, TCC and TCS were removed. The major removal pathway of parabens was biodegradation while that of TCC and TCS were sorption to sludge. Computer simulations on the fate processes of parabens, TCC and TCS in the WWTP using the SimpleTreat 4.0 model suggested the model could generally reproduce the measurements with root mean squared errors (RMSEs) of less than 10 ng/L. However, the model underestimated the removal of TCC and TCS from water to sludge in the primary tank. These discrepancies were attributed to the uncertainty of the predicted organic carbon-water partition coefficients (K-oc) to which the modelling results are highly sensitive. The model predictions using updated K-oc became more accurate and RMSEs of TCC and TCS were reduced by 40 and 80%, respectively. The modelling assessment suggests that the SimpleTreat, as a generic model to simulate chemical fate processes in WWTPs, has the potential to be applied to other similar WWTPs in China for estimating environmental releases of parabens, TCC and TCS at a larger spatial scale.

关键词： Biodegradation model simulation Parabens Sludge Sorption Triclocarban Triclosan Wastewater treatment plant

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Migration and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bioretention systems with different media:experiments and simulations

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 17-33页

作者： Zhaoxin Zhang Jiake Li Zhe Liu Yajiao Li Bei Zhang Chunbo Jiang Institute of Land Engineering and Technology Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.Ltd.Xi’an 710075China State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China College of Landscape Architecture and Art Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)present significant risks to human health owing to their carcinogenic,teratogenic,and mutagenic *** contamination of surface water with PAHs via runoff has become a prominent source of water *** the capacity of bioretention systems to remove PAHs from runoff is recognized,the dynamics of PAH migration and degradation in these systems are not *** study aims to explain the migration and fate of PAHs in bioretention systems through a series of experiments and model *** study constructed bioretention systems with three different media types and found that these systems achieved PAH load reductions exceeding 92%.Notably,naphthalene(NAP),fluoranthene(FLT),and pyrene(PYR)tended to accumulate in the media’s upper layer,at depths of 10 to 40 *** further analyze the migration and fate of PAHs during multi-site rainfall events and across prolonged operation,we applied the HYDRUS-1D model under three distinct *** findings of this study indicated that NAP degraded in 40 d,whereas FLT and PYR showed incomplete degradation after 120 *** continuous rainfall events,there was no clear pattern of PAH accumulation;however,FLT and PYR persisted in the bioretention *** combination of experimental and simulation findings highlights the inevitable accumulation of PAHs during extended use of bioretention *** research provides a theoretical basis for improving operational efficiency,advancing PAH degradation in bioretention systems,and reducing their toxicity.

关键词： Bioretention Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons HYDRUS-1D model simulation Migration

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Uncertainty reduction in ENSO periodicity projection based on the Wyrtki index

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DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS 2025年 109卷

作者： Zhao, Ximei Lu, Bo Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci Beijing Peoples R China China Meteorol Adm Natl Climate Ctr Beijing Peoples R China Xiongan Inst Meteorol Artificial Intelligence Xiongan Peoples R China

Using the Wyrtki index, which comprehensively characterizes the dynamics of ENSO, we evaluated the fitting performance of 24 CMIP6 models for the ENSO dynamic processes during the period from 1980 to 2014. We identified the high-skill (HS) models with better simulation capabilities and the low-skill (LS) models with poorer simulation abilities. Compared to observational and reanalysis data, the HS models better simulate the average state of the tropical Pacific and the associated dynamic processes of ENSO from 1980 to 2014. In contrast, the LS models show a colder equatorial cold tongue, a steeper thermocline slope, and stronger trade winds in the central and western Pacific. The zonal advection feedback in the LS models is weaker, while the thermocline feedback is stronger, which may contribute to the deviations observed in the LS models when simulating the historical ENSO periodicity. The HS models indicate a trend of shorter conventional ENSO periodicity for the period from 2066 to 2100, which contrasts sharply with the conclusion drawn from the 24 CMIP6 models that show no significant change in ENSO periodicity duration. Additionally, the period of CP ENSO is projected to become shorter under SSP585 scenario for the HS models and all models. In contrast, the CP ENSO period change is insignificant for the LS models.

关键词： ENSO periodicity model simulation Climate change projection

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Enhancing Building Evacuation Efficiency in Case of Fire Breakout by Integrating Evacuee Categorization Into an Agent-Based simulation

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 10595-10618页

作者： Kasereka, Selain K. Kalondji, Noella E. Ilunga, Godwill W. K. Ngoie, Ruffin-Benoit M. Kyamakya, Kyandoghere Kasoro, Nathanael M. Univ Kinshasa Dept Math Stat & Comp Sci Kinshasa Rep Congo Tech Univ Sofia Fac English Engn Studies Sofia 1756 Bulgaria ABIL Res Ctr Kinshasa DEM REP CONGO Univ Nouveaux Horizons Fac Comp Sci Lubumbashi DEM REP CONGO Inst Super Pedag Mbanza Ngungu Dept Math Mbanza Ngungu DEM REP CONGO Univ Klagenfurt Inst Smart Syst Technol A-9020 Klagenfurt Am Worthersee Austria Univ Kinshasa Polytech Fac Kinshasa DEM REP CONGO

Evacuating occupants from a burning building presents significant challenges owing to the complex interplay between environmental factors and evacuee behavior. Numerous models have been proposed in recent years for building evacuation during fire emergencies. However, many of these models fail to adequately account for variations in individuals' environmental knowledge and health statuses, both of which can critically affect the evacuation process. To address this gap, this study introduces an agent-based model for building evacuation that differentiates between individuals familiar with the building layout and those who are not and considers the health status of the occupants. The resulting model assigns specific evacuation strategies tailored to each group within the building. simulations carried out in a hospital setting demonstrated that incorporating factors such as familiarity with a building's configuration and the health status of the evacuees results in more realistic and effective evacuation outcomes. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed model and highlight the significance of our contribution, we conducted multiple simulations in various high-risk settings and presented a benchmarking study that compared our model with several existing models from the literature. The proposed model is sufficiently generalized to be applicable to various types of hospital buildings, with minimal modifications.

关键词： Buildings Unified modeling language Mathematical models Hospitals Planning Disasters Layout Heating systems Complex systems Agent-based modeling Evacuation modeling agent-based modeling intelligent agents fire breakout hospital building high-risk settings model simulation

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The Increase in Urban Heat Due to Global Warming Can be Significantly Affected by the Structure of the Land Use and Land Cover

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY 2024年第15期44卷 5381-5397页

作者： Janku, Zdenek Geletic, Jan Lehnert, Michal Dobrovolny, Petr Masaryk Univ Fac Sci Dept Geog Brno Czech Republic Czech Acad Sci Global Change Res Inst Dept Climate Variabil & Climate Change Anal Brno Czech Republic Czech Acad Sci Dept Complex Syst Inst Comp Sci Prague Czech Republic Palacky Univ Fac Sci Dept Geog Olomouc Czech Republic

Urban populations are increasingly exposed to excessive heat. Heat distribution in the urban environment can be affected by several factors, including the spatial arrangement of land use/land cover (LULC) that is specific to a given city. This study applies a climate model with urban canopy parameterisation to downscale future climate projections and simulate the spatio-temporal pattern of heat in the urban environment to better understand the effect of LULC structure on its distribution. Heat conditions are characterised by climate indices that are well representative in two mid-sized Central European cities of Brno and Ostrava (Czech Republic). Our results show that the annual number of hot days (HOT), summer days (SUD), tropical nights (TRN) and warm nights (WAN) will increase significantly (p < 0.01) in the 21st century in both cities. The model also simulates a more intensive increase and a higher spatio-temporal variability in all indices in Brno compared to Ostrava. In Brno, the annual number of HOT and TRN is projected to be more than 500% of the 1981-2010 reference period's value by the end of the 21st century under the RCP 8.5 scenario. To determine the causes of the differences in heat distribution, we applied LULC configuration metrics and correlation analysis using various geographical factors. The higher risk of urban heat in Brno compared to Ostrava can be attributed to a more homogenised and less fragmented LULC structure and to the more substantial role of altitude in the complex terrain of Brno. Other factors, such as the presence of impervious surfaces and vegetation, have a similar effect on the variability of the studied indices in both cities. Urban planners should consider the role of the LULC structure and the changes that can be made in a city when designing adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of urban heat.

关键词： climate indices Czech Republic land use and land cover landscape fragmentation model simulation MUKLIMO_3 urban climate urban heat

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