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24th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW)

作者： Fertig, Tobias Braun, Peter Univ Appl Sci Wurzburg Schweinfurt Fac Comp Sci Sanderheinrichsleitenweg 20 Wurzburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334730

In contrast to the increasing popularity of RE-presentational State Transfer (REST), systematic testing of RESTful Application Programming Interfaces (API) has not attracted much attention so far. This paper describes different aspects of automated testing of RESTful APIs. Later, we focus on functional and security tests, for which we apply a technique called model-based software development. Based on an abstract model of the RESTful API that comprises resources, states and transitions a software generator not only creates the source code of the RESTful API but also creates a large number of test cases that can be immediately used to test the implementation. This paper describes the process of developing a software generator for test cases using state-of-the-art tools and provides an example to show the feasibility of our approach.

关键词： REST API model-driven Development model-driven testing

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Towards a model-driven testing Framework for GUI Test Cases Generation from User Stories 16

Towards a Model-Driven Testing Framework for GUI Test Cases ...

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16th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering (ENASE)

作者： Granda, Maria Fernanda Parra, Otto Alba-Sarango, Bryan Univ Cuenca Dept Comp Sci Av 12 Abril S-N Cuenca Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9789897585081

In the software testing stage, it is possible to benefit from combining the requirements with the testing specification activities. On the one hand, the specification of the tests will require less manual effort, since they are defined or generated automatically from the requirements specification. On the other hand, the specification of requirements itself will end up having a higher quality due to the use of a more structured language, reducing typical problems such as ambiguity, inconsistency, and inaccuracy. This research proposes a model-based framework that promotes the practice of generating test cases based on the specification of Agile user stories to validate that the functional requirements are included in the final version of the user interfaces of the developed software. To show the applicability of the approach, a specification of requirements based on user stories, a task model using ConcurTaskTree, and the Sikulix language are used to generate tests at the graphical interface level. The approach includes transformations;such as task models in test scripts. Then, these test scripts are executed by the Sikulix test automation framework.

关键词： Test Cases User Stories Requirements GUI-based testing model-driven testing

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BPMN-Based model-driven testing of Service-Based Processes 18th

BPMN-Based Model-Driven Testing of Service-Based Processes

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18th International Conference on Business Process modeling, Development and Support (BPMDS) / 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and modeling Methods for Systems Analysis and Development (EMMSAD)

作者： Luebke, Daniel van Lessen, Tammo Leibniz Univ Hannover FG Software Engn Hannover Germany InnoQ Schweiz GmbH Cham Switzerland InnoQ Deutschland GmbH Monheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319594668;9783319594651

Executable Business Processes realized in WS-BPEL and BPMN2 are used more and more for automating digitalized core processes in organizations. Due to their critical nature for the organization, these processes need to be developed with high quality standards. Existing literature concentrates on testing such processes, but do not offer integration into the development lifecycle and validation with other stakeholders. Our approach is based on Test models that allow both the easier definition of automated test cases as well as discussion with non-technical stakeholders and, thus, can be used for business process validation and process modeling support. We define a meta-model for the BPMN-based Test models that has been validated in a case study in an industrial project.

关键词： BPMN model-driven testing Business process Service composition Process validation

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Constraint-Based model-driven testing of Web Services for Behavior Conformance 16th

Constraint-Based Model-Driven Testing of Web Services for Be...

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16th International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC)

作者： Sun, Chang-ai Li, Meng Jia, Jingting Han, Jun Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Comp & Commun Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Swinburne Univ Technol Sch Software & Elect Engn Melbourne Vic 3122 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030035969;9783030035952

In the current Web Service Description Language (WSDL), only the interface information of a web service is provided without any indication on its behavior logic. Naturally, it is difficult for the service user and developer to achieve a shared understanding of the service behavior through such a description. A particular challenge is how to make explicit the various behavior assumptions and restrictions of a service (for the user), and make sure that the service implementation conforms to them (for the developer). In order to improve the behavior conformance of services, in this paper we propose a constraint-based model-driven testing approach for web services. In our approach, constraints are introduced in an extended WSDL, called CxWSDL, to formally and explicitly express the implicit restrictions and assumptions on the behavior of web services, and then the predefined constraints are used to derive test cases in a model-driven manner to test the service implementation's conformance to these behavior constraints from the user's perspective. We have conducted an empirical study with three real-life web services as subject programs, and the experimental results have shown that our approach can effectively validate the service's conformance to the behavior constraints.

关键词： Web services Conformance testing model-driven testing Test case generation

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model-driven Integration testing of Hypermedia Systems

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JOURNAL OF WEB ENGINEERING 2019年第4-6期18卷 381-408页

作者： Vu, Henry Fertig, Tobias Braun, Peter PENTASYS AG Rudesheimer Str 9 D-80686 Munich Germany Univ Appl Sci Wurzburg Schweinfurt Wurzburg Germany Univ Appl Sci Wurzburg Schweinfurt Comp Sci Wurzburg Germany

The proper design of Representational State Transfer (REST) APIs is not trivial because developers have to deal with a flood of recommendations and best practices, especially the proper application of the hypermedia constraint requires some decent experience. Furthermore, testing RESTful APIs is a missing topic within literature. Especially hypermedia testing is not mentioned at all. Manual hypermedia testing is time-consuming and hard to maintain. testing a hypermedia API requires many test cases that have similar structure, especially when different user roles and error cases are considered. In order to tackle this problem, we proposed a model-driven testing (MDT) approach for hypermedia systems using the metamodel within our existing model driven Software Development (MDSD) approach. This work discusses challenges and results of hypermedia testing for RESTful APIs using MDT techniques that were discovered within our research. MDT allows white-box testing, hence covering complete program structure and behavior of the generated application. By doing this, we are able to achieve a high automated test coverage. Moreover, any runtime behavior deviated from the metamodel reveals bugs within the generators.

关键词： REST Integration testing RESTful API Hypermedia testing MDSD MDE MDT model-driven testing

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Towards model-driven Hypermedia testing for RESTful Systems 13

Towards Model-driven Hypermedia Testing for RESTful Systems

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13th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies (WEBIST)

作者： Vu, Henry Fertig, Tobias Braun, Peter Univ Appl Sci Wurzburg Schweinfurt Fac Comp Sci Sanderheinrichsleitenweg 20 D-97074 Wurzburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582462

testing RESTful systems is a missing topic within literature. Especially hypermedia testing is not mentioned at all. We discuss the challenges of hypermedia testing that were discovered within our research. We will differ between client-side and server-side challenges since REpresentational State Transfer (REST) describes a client-server system. Therefore, both sides have to be considered. Hypermedia tests for the server have to ensure that there is no response without hypermedia links. However, the client also has to be hypermedia compliant. Thus, we propose to simulate a server update to check whether the client breaks. Since we use model-driven Software Development (MDSD) to generate RESTful systems we also propose a model-driven approach for hypermedia testing. This allows us to generate tests for a server based on its underlying model. Moreover, we can build a crawler to verify our generated servers and to test all hypermedia links for different user roles. Any modification to the model can result in a server update, which can be used to test hypermedia clients.

关键词： REST Hypermedia RESTful MDSD MDT model-driven testing Hypermedia testing

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Automated model driven testing Using AndroMDA and UML2 testing Profile in Scrum Process 7

Automated Model Driven Testing Using AndroMDA and UML2 Testi...

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7th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT) / 6th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Information Technology (SEIT)

作者： Elallaoui, Meryem Nafil, Khalid Touahni, Raja Messoussi, Rochdi Ibn Tofail Univ Fac Sci Dept Phys Kenitra 14000 Morocco Univ Mohammed 5 Fac Econ Rabat 1000 Morocco

Software testing is an important step in the life cycle of agile development;it represents an efficient way to ensure the good functioning of the product. But as the complexity of a system increases, the effort and expertise to test it also increases. To significantly reduce these efforts, and reduce the cost and time;several studies have been carried out and various tools and test automation techniques have been proposed. In this paper, we present an approach to automatic generation of test cases from UML 2 models at the Scrum agile process. This approach automates two important steps: the transformation of design models into test models and generating test cases, based on an open source MDA framework. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： testing model-driven testing UML2 UML2 testing Profile (U2TP) MDA

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An approach for model driven testing: framework, metamodels and tools

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COMPUTER SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2011年第4期26卷 307-318页

作者： Sousa, Helaine Lopes, Denivaldo Abdelouahab, Zair Claro, Daniela Barreiro Hammoudi, Slimane UFMA Sao Luis MA LESERC Sao Luis MA Brazil UFBA Salvador BA LASID Salvador BA Brazil ESEO Angers GRI Angers France

The complexity of development, maintenance and evolution phases of software systems often generate and inject errors in these systems. Software testing can help reduce the number of errors in a software system using test cases. By verifying if a system meets the requirements, software testing can help reduce a number of such errors. Yet, errors can also find their way into test cases clue to misinterpretation of requirements or other human error factors such as fatigue. The emergence of model driven Approaches presents new ways of, not only managing the complexity of software development, but also for creating test cases, automating test procedures and encouraging reuse, thus reducing the amount of errors and accelerating software production. In these approaches, software tests are created using model transformations. However, the definition of transformation rules is nowadays still a manual task and therefore is an error prone process compromising the creation of efficient test cases. In this paper, we propose a framework to support automatic generation of transformation rules in order to obtain test cases from business models. For this purpose, this framework includes metamodels, an explicit separation between mapping specification and transformation definition and metamodel matching. This framework is implemented as a plug-in for Eclipse IDE. We provide an illustrative example to help understanding its applicability.

关键词： testing model-driven Architecture model-driven testing models Metamodels Mapping Specification and Transformation Definition

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Automated model driven testing Using AndroMDA and UML2 testing Profile in Scrum Process

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Procedia Computer Science 2016年 83卷 221-228页

作者： Meryem Elallaoui Khalid Nafil Raja Touahni Rochdi Messoussi Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail University Kenitra 14000 Morocco Faculty of Economics University Mohammed V Rabat 1000 Morocco

Software testing is an important step in the life cycle of agile development; it represents an efficient way to ensure the good functioning of the product. But as the complexity of a system increases, the effort and expertise to test it also increases. To significantly reduce these efforts, and reduce the cost and time; several studies have been carried out and various tools and test automation techniques have been proposed. In this paper, we present an approach to automatic generation of test cases from UML 2 models at the Scrum agile process. This approach automates two important steps: the transformation of design models into test models and generating test cases, based on an open source MDA framework.

关键词： testing model-driven testing UML2 UML2 testing Profile (U2TP) MDA

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A model-driven framework to enhance the consistency of logical integrity constraints: Introducing integrity regression testing

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2019年第2期49卷 274-300页

作者： Abadeh, Maryam Nooraei Ajoudanian, Shohreh Islamic Azad Univ Abadan Branch Dept Comp Engn Abadan Iran Islamic Azad Univ Najafabad Branch Fac Comp Engn Najafabad Iran

Although the importance of models continuously grows in software development, common development approaches are less able to integrate the automatic management of model integrity into the development process. These critically important constraints may ensure the coherence of models in the evolution process to prevent manipulations that could violate defined constraints on a model. This paper proposes an integrity framework in the context of model-driven architecture to achieve sufficient structural code coverage at a higher program representation level than machine code. Our framework offers to propagate the modifications from a platform-independent specification to the corresponding test template model while keeping the consistency and integrity constraints after system evolution. To examine the efficiency of the proposed framework, a quantitative analysis plan is evaluated based on two experimental case studies. In addition, we propose coverage criteria for integrity regression testing (IRT), derived from logic coverage criteria that apply different conceptual levels of testing for the formulation of integrity requirements. The defined criteria for IRT reduce the inherent complexity and cost of verifying complex design changes in regression testing while keeping the fault detection capability with respect to the changes. The framework aims to keep pace with IRT in a formal way. The framework can solve a number of restricted outlooks in model integrity and some limiting factors of incremental maintenance and retesting. The framework satisfies several valuable quality attributes in software testing, such as safety percentage, precision, abstract fault detection performance measurable coverage level, and generality.

关键词： change history model consistency integrity rule logic coverage model-driven testing model transformation regression testing

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