This study emphasizes the expansion of novel relationships to determine maximum compressive stress, corresponding strain, ultimate stress, and strain in order to enhance the precision and practicality of predicting th...
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This study emphasizes the expansion of novel relationships to determine maximum compressive stress, corresponding strain, ultimate stress, and strain in order to enhance the precision and practicality of predicting the behavior of SMA-confined concrete (SMACC) with spirals. It develops predictive equations for the mechanical properties of SMACC cylinders using the multi-expression programming (MEP) method. The MEPX software is employed to derive optimal relationships by collecting experimental data from 42 concrete cylindrical specimens subjected to uniaxial compression and confined with SMA spirals. The findings show that the developed MEP-based relationships not only provide practical equations, but also produce more precise results.
There has been considerable interest in predicting the properties of nitro-energetic materials to improve their performance. Not to mention insightful physical knowledge, computational-aided molecular studies can expe...
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There has been considerable interest in predicting the properties of nitro-energetic materials to improve their performance. Not to mention insightful physical knowledge, computational-aided molecular studies can expedite the synthesis of novel energetic materials through cost reduction labours and risky experimental tests. In this paper, quantitative structureproperty relationship based on multi-expression programming employed to correlate the formation enthalpies of frequently used nitro-energetic materials with their molecular properties. The simple yet accurate obtained model is able to correlate the formation enthalpies of nitro-energetic materials to their molecular structure with the accuracy comparable to experimental precision.
Classification and rule induction are two important tasks to extract knowledge from data. In rule induction, the representation of knowledge is defined as IF-THEN rules which are easily understandable and applicable b...
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Classification and rule induction are two important tasks to extract knowledge from data. In rule induction, the representation of knowledge is defined as IF-THEN rules which are easily understandable and applicable by problem-domain experts. In this paper, a new chromosome representation and solution technique based on multi-expression programming (MEP) which is named as MEPAR-miner (multi-expression programming for Association Rule Mining) for rule induction is proposed. multi-expression programming (MEP) is a relatively new technique in evolutionary programming that is first introduced in 2002 by Oltean and Dumitrescu. MEP uses linear chromosome structure. In MEP, multiple logical expressions which have different sizes are used to represent different logical rules. MEP expressions can be encoded and implemented in a flexible and efficient manner. MEP is generally applied to prediction problems;in this paper a new algorithm is presented which enables MEP to discover classification rules. The performance of the developed algorithm is tested oil nine publicly available binary and n-ary classification data sets. Extensive experiments are performed to demonstrate that MEPAR-miner can discover effective classification rules that are as good as (or better than) the ones obtained by the traditional rule induction methods. It is also shown that effective gene encoding structure directly improves the predictive accuracy of logical IF-THEN rules. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
An essential factor in the design and in situ performance of asphalt concrete pavements is its elastic-stiffness properties. The objective of the present study, is to develop empirical equations to estimate indirect t...
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An essential factor in the design and in situ performance of asphalt concrete pavements is its elastic-stiffness properties. The objective of the present study, is to develop empirical equations to estimate indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) of bituminous mixture using the soft computing techniques of multiexpressionprogramming (MEP) and gene expressionprogramming (GEP). The soft computing models were developed using experimental data points containing laboratory and field blended dense-graded hot mix asphalt (HMA) and gap-graded stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures including three asphalt binders. The dominant parameters covered mix physical and volumetric properties, test temperatures, and the mix variables needed during quality control and assurance assessments. The soft computing models could successfully estimate the stiffness modulus with notable values of R values between 0.835 and 0.944. The GEP equations estimated the elastic stiffness modulus with a higher rate of accuracy when compared to the MEP, non-linear and linear regression estimates.
Despite many years of research, breast cancer detection is still a difficult, but very important problem to be solved. An automatic diagnosis system could establish whether a mammography presents tumours or belongs to...
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Despite many years of research, breast cancer detection is still a difficult, but very important problem to be solved. An automatic diagnosis system could establish whether a mammography presents tumours or belongs to a healthy patient and could offer, in this way, a second opinion to a radiologist that tries to establish a diagnosis. We therefore propose a system that could contribute to lowering both the costs and the work of an imaging diagnosis centre of breast cancer and in addition to increase the trust level in that diagnosis. We present a multi-objective evolutionary approach based on multi-expression programming-a linear Genetic programming method-that could classify a mammogram starting from a raw image of the breast. The processed images are represented through Histogram of Oriented Gradients and Kernel Descriptors since these image features have been reported as being very efficient in the image recognition scientific community and they have not been applied to mammograms before. Numerical experiments are performed on freely available datasets consisting of normal and abnormal film-based and digital mammograms and show the efficiency of the proposed decision support system.
Concrete structures are prone to cracking due to environmental damage and/or tensile strain. Self-healing concrete has garnered scientific interest in recent years as it addresses the cracking problem and extends the ...
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Concrete structures are prone to cracking due to environmental damage and/or tensile strain. Self-healing concrete has garnered scientific interest in recent years as it addresses the cracking problem and extends the service life of concrete structures. Engineered cementitious composite (ECC), a high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composite, is known to have some self-healing characteristics. However, the self-healing capability of ECC is characterized by the type and content of input parameters and is difficult to predict. This investigation utilised a multi-expression programming algorithm for the prediction of self-healing characteristics of ECC containing various admixtures. The database, containing 619 points, was extracted from literature containing crack width before self-healing (CB), limestone powder (LP), silica fume (SF), and fly ash (FA) as input parameters and crack width after self-healing as an output parameter. The performance of the developed model was evaluated based on various statistical indices and parametric analysis. The results showed that the developed model is robust and efficient in predicting the selfhealing behavior of ECC containing various admixtures. Parametric and sensitivity analysis revealed that among the admixtures used, fly ash had the least impact and limestone powder had the highest impact on the self-healing capacity of ECC.(C) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC
The immense production of plastic waste due to its non-biodegradable nature has become a major issue for the world. Several researchers have recently tried to incorporate plastic waste in building materials, particula...
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The immense production of plastic waste due to its non-biodegradable nature has become a major issue for the world. Several researchers have recently tried to incorporate plastic waste in building materials, particularly as a substitute for cement in concrete, using conventional experimental testing. However, it is difficult to examine the optimal mix design in experimental investigations due to time and resource constraints. Therefore, this study aims to provide robust multi-expression programming (MEP) based predictive equations to evaluate the compressive strength (CS) and tensile strength (TS) of concrete containing plastic waste. Based on the literature, a comprehensive data record of 276 and 235 samples of the CS and TS of plastic concrete was generated for model development. The models ' prediction capabilities were assessed by evaluating the various statistical indicators and comparing the results with a multi -linear regression (MLR) model. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to find out the contribution of each parameter to the CS and TS of plastic concrete. According to the statistical findings, the MEP model demonstrated higher efficacy in prediction, with an R 2 value of 0.87 and 0.89 for the CS and TS models. In addition, MEP generates a simple mathematical formula, which can be employed as a design tool for estimating the CS and TS of plastic concrete. In sensitivity analysis, age demonstrated the highest sensitivity (24.8% and 31%), demonstrating its substantial impact on the model ' s outputs. Cement (17.63% and 17.3%) and plastic (17.4% and 15.3%) have similar contributions to the CS and TS. These results are consistent with previous research, highlighting the agreement between the results of this study and the literature. Therefore, this study can be employed for sustainable construction practices.
In this paper, a new series of applicable relations, including maximum confined stress and strain as well as the stress-strain relationship, for AFRP confined concrete are proposed based on the design-oriented approac...
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In this paper, a new series of applicable relations, including maximum confined stress and strain as well as the stress-strain relationship, for AFRP confined concrete are proposed based on the design-oriented approach. The main advantages of these new relations are their higher accuracy and unified nature for both circular and square cross sections as well as their ability to predict stress and strain of partially confined columns. For this purpose, a complete database of the available experimental results from the previous studies is collected. In order to achieve higher accuracy and reliability, only part of the collected experimental results that passes a series of deliberately considered criteria are used for derivation of the relations. In addition to the mentioned relations, a threshold for confinement pressure is defined which can be used as a beneficial tool by designers to specify sufficiency of their designed AFRP confinement. Furthermore, a simple relation to predict lateral hoop rupture strain of AFRP wraps is also provided. In order to make the suggested models utilizable for the cases that fibers are not placed perpendicular to the column axis, simple modification factors are also derived. The proposed models are formulated using an evolutionary algorithm named multi-expression programming (MEP), which is an approach for predicting models in the cases of unknown mathematical structures. Accuracy of the proposed relations is compared with the other available models based on the collected experimental database. The obtained results showed that the suggested relations and especially the stress-strain model are capable to predict behavior of AFRP confined concretes with remarkable accuracy.
This study is attempted to develop the prediction model for the soaked California bearing ratio (CBR) value of fine-grained soil through the multi-expression programming (MEP) approach. The modeling phase was performe...
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This study is attempted to develop the prediction model for the soaked California bearing ratio (CBR) value of fine-grained soil through the multi-expression programming (MEP) approach. The modeling phase was performed on 1011 in situ collected soil samples from an ongoing highway construction project work site. Based on the literature recommendations and present study database analysis, six relevant input parameters were extracted from numerous geotechnical parameters achieved through laboratory experiments. Using those parameters, several tentative combinations were prepared to develop the most efficient predictive model. The comparative results of all the models demonstrate the higher accuracy with PL, PI, S, FC, MDD and OMC as input parameters. The developed model with the adopted input parameters is able to explain 63% variability in the soaked CBR value of fine-grained soil. Almost 97% of total observations were found to be predicted within +/- 20% variations. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the soaked CBR value is prominently influenced by the MDD followed by FC, PL, S, PI and OMC. The validation results of the model exhibit that the developed model is also worthy in predicting the soaked CBR value of the unseen dataset. Eventually, a graphical user interface was generated for the future convenience of the researchers and site engineers.
Waste Foundry sand (WFS), a major solid waste from metal casting industry, is posing a significant environmental threat owing to its disposal to landfills. In this research, an innovative artificial intelligence techn...
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Waste Foundry sand (WFS), a major solid waste from metal casting industry, is posing a significant environmental threat owing to its disposal to landfills. In this research, an innovative artificial intelligence technique i.e. multi-expression programming (MEP) is applied to model the split tensile strength (ST) and modulus of elasticity (E) of concrete containing waste foundry sand (CWFS). The presented formulations correlate mechanical properties with four input variables i.e. w/c, foundry sand content, superplasticizer content and compressive strength. The results of statistical analysis validate the model accuracy as evident by the low values of objective function (0.033 for E and 0.052 for ST). Moreover, the average error in the predicted values is significantly low i.e. 0.287 MPa and 1.75 GPa for ST and E model, respectively. Parametric study depicts that the models are well trained to accurately predict the trends of mechanical properties with variation in mix parameters. The prediction models can promote the usage of WFS in green concrete thereby preventing waste disposal and contributing towards and sustainable construction. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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