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Optimization of Robust and Secure Transmit Beamforming for Dual-Functional MIMO Radar and Communication Systems

REMOTE SENSING 2025年第5期17卷 816-816页

作者： Chen, Zhuochen Li, Ximin Zhu, Shengqi Xidian Univ Natl Key Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Peoples R China

This paper investigates a multi-antenna, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) system platform. The system simultaneously detects radar targets and communicates with downlink cellular users. However, the modulated information within the transmitted waveforms may be susceptible to eavesdropping. To ensure the security of information transmission, we introduce non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology to enhance the security performance of the MIMO-DFRC platform. Initially, we consider a scenario where the channel state information (CSI) of the radar target (eavesdropper) is perfectly known. Using fractional programming (FP) and semidefinite relaxation (SDR) techniques, we maximize the system's total secrecy rate under the requirements for radar detection performance, communication rate, and system energy, thereby ensuring the security of the system. In the case where the CSI of the radar target (eavesdropper) is unavailable, we propose a robust secure beamforming optimization model. The channel model is represented as a bounded uncertainty set, and by jointly applying first-order Taylor expansion and the S-procedure, we transform the original problem into a tractable one characterized by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.

关键词： multi-input multi-output dual-functional radar and communication radar transmit beamforming non-orthogonal multiple access secure transmission

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Stable and efficient hybrid controller of solar thermal membrane reactor based on machine learning and multi-objective optimization

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ENERGY 2025年 320卷

作者： Tang, Xin-Yuan Yang, Wei-Wei Li, Jia-Chen Zhang, Jia-Rui Lin, Yi-Wan Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Energy & Power Engn Key Lab Thermo Fluid Sci & Engn MOE Xian Peoples R China

Ensuring the efficient and stable operation of solar thermal devices under variable solar energy conditions is important and challenging. This study develops a hybrid feedforward feedback (FF-FB) control method for solar thermal-driven membrane reactor (STMR) to achieve multiple targets of stable conversion, low preheating input, and efficient hydrogen production and separation. The feedforward control part of the hybrid control method consists of multi-objective optimization based on machine learning model, and the feedback control part utilizes optimized PI control. The effects of control methods are tested under step and real continuous solar radiation. The results show that the FF-FB control combines the predictability of feedforward and the stability of feedback, giving FF-FB control the best overall performance. Also, under high frequency and high amplitude fluctuations of continuous solar radiation, the methane conversion in FF-FB control shows only an average deviation of 2.1 x 10-4 with a maximum of 1.16 x 10-3. The FF-FB control relatively improves the hydrogen yield by 33 % and hydrogen recovery by 43 % compared to the feedback control, while reducing the input preheat ratio by 30 %. The robustness of the hybrid FF-FB control effect is still maintained under multiple realistic error scenarios, and the average errors are all within 3 x 10-4.

关键词： Hybrid feedforward feedback control Hydrogen production Machine learning multi-input multi-output multi-objective optimization Solar membrane reactor

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Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna System for Millimeter Wave 5G Applications Using Characteristic Mode Theory

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 2025年第5期38卷

作者： Modak, Sumon Farooq, Umar Lokam, Anajaneyulu Natl Inst Technol Warangal Dept Elect & Commun Engn Hanamkonda Telangana India VNR Vignana Jyothi Inst Technol Hyderabad Dept Elect & Commun Engn Hyderabad Telangana India

This study introduces a quad-port multi-input multi-output antenna design specifically suited for fifth-generation wireless technology. The antenna geometry is characterized by a flower-shaped configuration, featuring five petals complemented by a circular slot, positioned in the ground plane to improve operational bandwidth. The effective realization of wide-band characteristics has been studied utilizing the analysis of characteristic modes. The design antenna demonstrates simulated performance parameters that cover the millimeter-wave frequency band from 25.6 to 32.4 GHz, delivering a maximum gain of 6.1 dBi and ensuring minimum port isolation of > 15 dB across all ports. In addition, a circular stub is purposefully positioned over the slot to facilitate circular polarization radiation behavior at 26.3 GHz, exhibiting an axial ratio bandwidth of 0.5 GHz (26-26.5 GHz). Further, the proposed antenna design is subjected to validation encompassing diversity metrics. The proposed antenna structure is successfully fabricated, and its performance is experimentally validated. A comprehensive comparative analysis is then conducted to evaluate its alignment with the simulated results.

关键词： antenna characteristic mode analysis circular polarization fifth generation flower shaped millimeter wave multi-input multi-output

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Performance Analysis of Short-Packet Communication in MIMO System with Nonlinear Energy Scavenging

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering 2025年 1-13页

作者： Le-Thanh, Toi Ho-Van, Khuong Do-Dac, Thiem HCMC University of Industry and Trade Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) VNU-HCM Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Thu Dau Mot University Thu Dau Mot City Vietnam

Short-packet communication (SPC) in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) networks with energy scavenging (ES) harnesses modern techniques such as MIMO processing, SPC, and radio frequency ES to achieve optimal spectrum usage, high reliability, low latency, and high energy efficiency . Nevertheless, a comprehensive performance analysis of SPC in MIMO system with ES under practical circumstances—successive interference cancellation imperfection (SICi), channel state information imperfection (CSIi), and nonlinear ES (nlES)—has yet to be conducted, particularly for advanced and conventional multiple access (MA) schemes—nonorthogonal MA (NOMA) and orthogonal MA (OMA). This paper addresses this gap by proposing an analytical framework, validated through Monte Carlo simulations, which quickly evaluates the total throughput and average block-error rate of SPC in MIMO system with nlES in key parameters such as transmit power, SICi level, CSIi level, power splitting factor, time division factor, power saturation threshold, antenna configuration, energy conversion efficiency. The results reveal that, contrary to long-packet communication, NOMA performs worse than OMA in SPC in MIMO system with nlES.

关键词： Energy harvesting multi-input multi-output multiple access Short-packet communication

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A Hybrid Integrated and Low-Cost multi-Chip Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Module for 5G Massive MIMO Application

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 223-232页

作者： Fei Huang Guansheng Lv Huibo Wu Wenhua Chen Zhenghe Feng Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In this paper,a hybrid integrated broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA)based on a multi-chip module(MCM),whose active devices are fabricated using the gallium nitride(GaN)process and whose passive circuits are fabricated using the gallium arsenide(GaAs)integrated passive device(IPD)process,is proposed for 5G massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)*** inverted DPA structure with a low-Q output network is proposed to achieve better bandwidth performance,and a single-driver architecture is adopted for a chip with high gain and small *** proposed DPA has a bandwidth of 4.4-5.0 GHz that can achieve a saturation of more than 45.0 *** gain compression from 37 dBm to saturation power is less than 4 dB,and the average power-added efficiency(PAE)is 36.3%with an 8.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)in 4.5-5.0 *** measured adjacent channel power ratio(ACPR)is better than50 dBc after digital predistortion(DPD),exhibiting satisfactory linearity.

关键词： 5G Doherty power amplifier multi-input multi-output multi-chip modules Hybrid integrated

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Formulation of nonlinear control problems with actuator saturation as linear programs

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL 2021年 61卷 133-141页

作者： Merrikh-Bayat, Farshad Afshar, Mehdi Univ Zanjan Dept Elect & Comp Engn Zanjan *** Iran Islamic Azad Univ Dept Math & Stat Zanjan Branch Zanjan Iran

Control of input-affine nonlinear dynamical systems is investigated in this paper. In this regard, a system of linear inequalities (SLI) in the control inputs is developed, and it is proved that if this SLI has a solution at all times, applying it to the system leads to moving its state trajectories towards the desired point in space for all initial conditions. But, since it may happen that this SLI has infinitely many solutions or even no solution, the best (possibly, approximate) solution is obtained by solving a linear programming (LP) problem. Different LP problems with different properties and applications are proposed for this purpose. Formulation of the control problem as an LP makes it possible to take into account the effect of actuator saturation simply by adding bound constraints to the problem. We can also make the resulting control system robust to model uncertainties. Some numerical examples including the output voltage regulation of double-source DC-DC converter and robot path-planning, both by considering the effect of actuators saturation and taking into account the uncertainties in model, are also presented. (c) 2021 European Control Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： input-affine nonlinear system Linear programming Control Actuator saturation Uncertainty multi-input multi-output

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Parameter Estimation for Correlated MIMO Channels with Frequency-Selective Fading

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2010年第4期52卷 813-828页

作者： Dong, Wei Li, Jiandong Lu, Zhuo Xidian Univ Broadband Wireless Commun Lab Inst Informat Sci State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China

In this paper, we address the problem of frequency offset and channel gain estimation for frequency-selective multi-input multi-output (MIMO) correlated fading channels. A maximum-likelihood (ML) frequency offset (FO) estimator is proposed by using the Bayesian approach. We show that the proposed FO estimator is efficient and asymptotically optimal. Based on the FO estimate, we derive the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimator and analytically investigate the effect of frequency offset estimation error on the mean square error (MSE) performance of the channel estimator. Finally, the performances of the FO and channel estimation are evaluated by simulation results.

关键词： multi-input multi-output Frequency offset estimation Channel estimation CRLB

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multivariable adaptive neural network predictive control in the presence of measurement time-delay;application in control of Vinyl Acetate monomer process

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JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL 2018年 66卷 39-50页

作者： Pazhooh, Faramarz Shahraki, Farhad Sadeghi, Jafar Fakhroleslam, Mohammad Univ Sistan & Baluchestan Dept Chem Engn POB 98164-161 Zahedan Iran Univ Tehran Univ Coll Engn Sch Chem Engn POB 11155-4563 Tehran Iran

As an integral part of a plantwide control system for large-scale nonlinear systems with non-measurable states and time-delay in measured outputs, a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) adaptive neural network predictive controller (ANNPC) is presented. A neural network model-based observer is used in the structure of the proposed controller to estimate the unknown states. Then, an adaptive predictor is designed based on the observer and is employed to predict non-measurable states. Stability of the proposed observer and controller is proved using Lyapunov function theorem. The proposed controller is used as a part of the control system of a Vinyl Acetate monomer (VAM) process. A new partially centralized structure is developed for plantwide control of the process and the efficiency of the proposed controller particularly in diminishing the effect of measurement time-delay is shown, in-silico, by numerical simulation of a VAM plant under control. The obtained results are compared with the results of the conventional PI-based control system of VAM process. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adaptive observers Predictive control Time-delay Neural networks multi-input multi-output Vinyl acetate monomer process

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Robust model predictive control of a catalytic autothermal methane reformer for fuel cell applications

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CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2018年 76卷 31-40页

作者： Sartipizadeh, Hossein Vincent, Tyrone L. Colorado Sch Mines Dept Elect Engn Golden CO 80401 USA Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

Model uncertainty is an inseparable part of a methane reforming process since many of its main parameters describe microscale behavior. A robust control approach for a catalytic fuel reformer is presented to guarantee performance constraints are met even in the presence of model uncertainty. The control strategy is based on a recently developed sampling-based robust model predictive control (RMPC) with a new approach to capturing the uncertainty. Particular features of the control strategy is the use of a metric for coking susceptibility as a constraint on the inlet gas composition, a cost based metric for evaluating decisions on controller commands, and the ability to meet constraints on reactor temperature, outlet gas energy content, and hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio. Simulation results carried out in MATLAB on random plants show the constraints are met regardless the model uncertainty and measurement noise.

关键词： Methane reforming Model uncertainty Measurement noise Robust model predictive control Economic control multi-input multi-output

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Nonlinear Adaptive Disturbance Rejection Control Strategy Based on VSG for Photovoltaic-Storage Grid-Connected Inverter

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IEEE ACCESS 2023年 11卷 139534-139545页

作者： Kong, Fannie Zhang, Haochen Wu, Zhuolin Guo, Zhuangzhi Guangxi Univ Sch Elect Engn Nanning 530005 Peoples R China Henan Univ Engn Sch Elect Informat Engn Zhengzhou 450051 Peoples R China

In this paper, a nonlinear adaptive disturbance rejection control (NADRC) strategy is designed to overcome the limitations of the traditional virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control method in photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected energy storage systems. This strategy utilizes exact feedback linearization and linear optimal control theory to establish a nonlinear adaptive disturbance rejection control law based on the virtual synchronous generator. It achieves zero static error control and noise adaptive stabilization of the AC link in a multiple-input multiple-output system. Compared with the simulation results of the grid-connected inverter voltage and current double closed-loop (VACDCL) strategy, the nonlinear adaptive disturbance rejection control effectively mitigates the fluctuations in load current caused by the photovoltaic energy storage module. It ensures power tracking under variable power conditions and outperforms traditional PI dual-loop control in terms of dynamic and static regulation performance as well as grid-connected current quality. Furthermore, this strategy's anti-disturbance adaptive link can quickly respond to system disturbances like frequency drift, voltage oscillations, and load current variations, thereby improving system performance.

关键词： INDEX TERMS Adaptive exact feedback linearization grid-connected inverter multi-input multi-output nonlinear adaptive disturbance rejection control virtual synchronous generator voltage and current dual closed-loop strategy

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